• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.1455-1456
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• 2013

최근 스마트 이동단말에 장착된 영상 센서를 통해 획득한 영상에서 실시간으로 사용자의 눈을 인식하거나 시선을 추적하여 콘텐츠 제어, 행태 분석 등을 수행하는 기술에 대한 필요성이 증가하고 있다. 기존의 영상 분석 기반 시선 추적 기술은 고가의 시선 추적기를 기반으로 하며, 추적한 시선 좌표를 통해 실제 응시객체를 분석하는 사후 작업이 필요하다. 이에, 본 논문에서는 OpenCV를 기반으로 스마트 이동단말의 전면에 장착된 영상 센서에서 사용자의 눈을 인식하고, 시선을 추적한 후, 이를 실시간으로 시선 좌표와 화면의 콘텐츠 내 객체 영역을 매칭함으로써, 응시객체를 분석하는 스마트 이동단말 기반 시선 추적기를 설계하였다. 본 논문의 시선 추적기는 시선 추적을 수행하기 위해, 사용자에게 5개의 화면 교정점을 제공하고 응시하도록 하여 시선 추적 범위를 측정한다. 또한, 스마트 이동단말에 내장된 자이로스코프 센서를 통해 기울기가 변경될 시, 이를 반영하여 시선 교정을 수행하도록 설계하였다.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.367-373
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a novel method to improve the accuracy of eye trackers and how to analyze them. The proposed method extracts a user profile information created by extracting gaze coordinates and color information based on the exact pupil information, and then, it maintains a high accuracy in the display. In case that extract the user profile information, the changes of the accuracy for the gaze time also is estimated and the optimum parameter value is extracted. In the experimental results for the accuracy of the gaze detection, the accuracy was low if a user took a short time in a specific point. On the other hand, when taking more than two seconds, the accuracy was measured more than 80 %.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.66-76
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• 2005

In this study, star visibility analysis of a star tracker is performed by using a statistical apprach. The probability of the Sun and the Earth proximity, the solar array masking probability, and the solar array blinding probability by the Sun light are obtained from the arbitrary chosen satellite positions as a function of a line of sight vector of the star tracker in several satellite attitude modes. This analysis demonstrates that the optimized star tracker accomodations can be determined to be an elevation angle -40o and two azimuth angles $-35^{circ}$ and $-150^{circ}$.

• School Mathematics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.391-405
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• 2015

This study was aimed to investigate how students' relational thinking about equations could be formed by exploring web-based balance. The researchers developed 3 groups of 4 typed 12 equation problems of (a+b+c = d+ _ ) to test 24 4th graders. Pretest and post-test were conducted using Eye-tracker for investigating their eye movements. The researchers interviewed students who were not having distinct strategies to look into their cognitive process. As a result, we can conclude web-based balance helped students to get the concept of the equal sign and to form the relational thinking by the process of comparing both sides, right and left on the basis of fulcrum on balance.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.610-615
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• 2015

The accuracy and precision of video-based remote gaze trackers is affected by numerous factors (e.g. the head movement of the participant). However, it is challenging to control all factors that have an influence, and doing so (e.g., using a chin-rest to control geometry) could lead to losing the benefit of using gaze trackers, i.e., the ecological validity of their unobtrusive nature. We propose an adaptive zoom-based gaze tracking technique, ZoomTrack that addresses this problem by improving the resolution of the gaze tracking results. Our approach magnifies a region-of-interest (ROI) and retrieves gaze points at a higher resolution under two different zooming modes: only when the gaze reaches the ROI (temporary) or whenever a participant stares at the stimuli (omnipresent). We compared these against the base case without magnification in a user study. The results are then used to summarize the advantages and limitations of our technique.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose automatic screen on / off method of OST-HMD screen using gaze depth estimation technique. The proposed method uses MLP (Multi-layer Perceptron) to learn the user's gaze information and the corresponding distance of the object, and inputs the gaze information to estimate the distance. In the learning phase, eye-related features obtained using a wearable eye-tracker. These features are then entered into the Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) for learning and model generation. In the inference step, eye - related features obtained from the eye tracker in real time input to the MLP to obtain the estimated depth value. Finally, we use the results of this calculation to determine whether to turn the display of the HMD on or off. A prototype was implemented and experiments were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed method.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.175-182
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• 2020

The non-contact eye tracking is a nonintrusive human-computer interface providing hands-free communications for people with severe disabilities. Recently. it is expected to do an important role in non-contact systems due to the recent coronavirus COVID-19, etc. This paper proposes a novel approach for an eye mouse using an eye tracking method based on a context-aware based AdaBoost multi-region classifier and ASSL algorithm. The conventional AdaBoost algorithm, however, cannot provide sufficiently reliable performance in face tracking for eye cursor pointing estimation, because it cannot take advantage of the spatial context relations among facial features. Therefore, we propose the eye-region context based AdaBoost multiple classifier for the efficient non-contact gaze tracking and mouse implementation. The proposed method detects, tracks, and aggregates various eye features to evaluate the gaze and adjusts active and semi-supervised learning based on the on-screen cursor. The proposed system has been successfully employed in eye location, and it can also be used to detect and track eye features. This system controls the computer cursor along the user's gaze and it was postprocessing by applying Gaussian modeling to prevent shaking during the real-time tracking using Kalman filter. In this system, target objects were randomly generated and the eye tracking performance was analyzed according to the Fits law in real time. It is expected that the utilization of non-contact interfaces.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.275-296
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of gaze and the change of the proof learning achievement after learning the analytic method for proof to mathematical gifted students using eye tracking technique. In order to complete the purpose of this study, a mixed method research was used, that is a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative analysis was conducted based on the data obtained through the eye tracker, and qualitative analysis was also done using post interview data to make up for the quantitative analysis. The subjects of this study were 8 mathematical gifted 3rd grade middle school students in the gifted education center. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the learning of analysis leads to a change of gaze in the proof learning of students. The students, after learning the analysis, moved their gaze from the bottom to the top when solving the proof problem, and the occupancy rate of the gaze to the bottom of the proof was higher than the higher part. Second, the change of gaze caused by the learning of the analysis have a correlation with the achievement of the proof learning and it can be seen that the method learning improves the achievement of the proof learning of the students.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.10b
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• pp.468-469
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• 2008

항공기, 차량, 고속의 비행체 등과 같은 동적인 플랫폼에서 표적을 추적하기 위한 영상 추적 시스템은 시선을 안정화하는 외부의 추적루프와 내부의 안정화 루프를 포함하는 구조로 되어 있다. 2축 김발을 사용하는 영상 추적 시스템의 추적루프는 크게 영상 추적기, 추적 제어기, 안정화 루프 등으로 구성되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 영상 추적 시스템의 추적 제어기를 설계하여 성능을 분석하고, 또한 설계된 제어기를 적용하여 영상 추적기의 시간지연에 의한 추적 루프 특성을 분석하였다. 마지막으로 설계된 추적 제어기를 영상 추적 시스템 시뮬레이터에 적용하여 고기동 고속의 비행체 환경에서 추적 루프 성능을 분석하였다.

• ICROS
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.20-25
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• 1997

이 글에서는 전술유도무기체계에서 호밍유도의 PNG 다음으로 많이 채택하고 있는 시선지령유도의 유도루우프 설계기술에 대해 논하고자 한다. 이를 위해 유도루우프를 구성하고 있는 부체계인 표적추적장치, 오차보상기, feedforward 보상기에 대해 살펴보고 유도루우프를 설계할 때 고려해야 할 유도오차를 발생시키는 요인인 표적의 기동, glint noise 등의 영향에 대해 분석한다. 또한 유도탄의 기동력과 지령수신기의 수신감도에 따라 결정되는 명중영역의 산출과 시선유도의 발전추세에 대해 언급하고자 한다.