• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.87-103
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• 2008

The geographical name is an expression of human knowledge about living conditions and a basic tool for understanding about regional cultures and history as a result of spatiotemporal changes. This study aims to understand the historical and regional characteristics by analyzing the frequency and distribution of geographical names of 1:50,000 topographic map in the early 20th century and materializing on electronic cultural atlas. The result of this analysis is as follows. First, the aspect of distributed geographical names on the Korean Peninsula reflects a general trait of the country's natural and human environment included geographical features, population, arable land, the number of counties and villages, and functions of administration and military, etc. Second, through the frequency and weight of their names, the analysis shows not only the change of native names, but also the country's phase of the time by Japanese colonial policies such as exploitation of resources, the construction of railroads, and a desire to control of the border area with Manchuria. In addition, the study identified regional characteristics and differences in environmental perception and preferences, and naming basis and forms by the comparative analysis of each type of geographical names associated with village and ridge such as 'Chi' 'Ryung' 'Duk' 'Hang' 'Pyeong' 'Gok'. In particular, those characteristics were largely affected from environmental difference of each area.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.45 no.2 s.143
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• pp.153-159
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• 2006

The pine mushroom fruit body have a harvest only from natural pine forest instead of artificial culture like other edible mushrooms until now on. We investigated the interrelationship between pine mushroom colonies and insect/invertebrates fauna, and changes of their seasonal populations. Two famous pine mushroom producing district were selected on Bong-wha and Gan-sung Eup, and were surveyed on the ground and in the soil with/without pine mushroom hyphae per month from June to November, 2005. There was some difference in collected Insects and invertebrates between two producing districts. Total number of collected species and individuals were 73 and 22, and 63 individuals with 19 species in Bon-wha and Gan-sung area, respectively. Otherwise, there were many mites and nematodes were living in soil with mushroom hyphae. The population densities of mites were Increased to November from June, however, the population of nematodes were fluctuated with low in hot weather and high in cool.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.414-432
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• 2012

Land price is a kind of text to read urban spatial structure. The purpose of this paper is to inquire into the characteristics of Daegu's urban structure and its change in time through exploring spatio-temporal variations of land price with a detailed spatial and temporal resolution. To achieve this, land value surfaces were represented using the officially assessed land price every other year from 1995 to 2011. Through mapping and exploring spatio-temporal patterns and fluctuation rates of land price for this period, changes in urban structure, the effects of local decision makings such as Greenbelt adjustment, housing site development, and gentrification, and the effects of business fluctuations or policies at global or national scales could be caught. In addition, the trends for suburbanization and multi-centric urban form could be examined from the results of a negative exponential model explaining the effect of distance from an urban center on spatial variation of land price. These results demonstrate that urban analysis using land price mirroring spatial decision making at various scales could deepen understanding for internal structure and change of a city and provide useful information for establishing regional and urban development policies and evaluating their effects.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.379-397
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• 2020

In this study, Long-term change of water quality in Donrae Hot Spring was characterized using water quality data from 1922 to 2019. According to Mann-Kendall analysis and Sen's slope using long-term water quality data of Dongnae Hot Spring from 1922 to 2019, temperature, Ca, SiO₂, and HCO₃ show an increasing trend whereas EC, Na, K, Mg, Cl, and SO₄ show a decreasing trend or negligible trend. In addition, the water type of Dongnae Hot Spring stably belongs to Na-Cl type over time. The spatial distributions of water temperature and chemical constituents in 2004, 2009, 2014, and 2019 show variable patterns with showing some difference depending on sampling locations in different years. These results indicate that despite the long-term pumping of the hot spring water, the water quality is quite stable during the entire study period.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.83 no.4
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• pp.441-449
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• 1994

The two reflective channels(red and near infrared spectrum) of advanced very high resolution radiometer(AVHRR) data were used to classify primary vegetation cover types in the Korean Peninsula. From the NOAA-11 satellite data archive of 1991, 27 daytime scenes of relatively minimum cloud coverage were obtained. After the initial radiometric calibration, normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) was calculated for each of the 27 data sets. Four or five daily NDVI data were then overlaid for each of the six months starting from February to November and the maximum value of NDVI was retained for every pixel location to make a monthly composite. The six bands of monthly NDVI composite were nearly cloud free and used for the computer classification of vegetation cover. Based on the temporal signatures of different vegetation cover types, which were generated by an unsupervised block clustering algorithm, every pixel was classified into one of the six cover type categories. The classification result was evaluated by both qualitative interpretation and quantitative comparison with existing forest statistics. Considering frequent data acquisition, low data cost and volume, and large area coverage, it is believed that AVHRR data are effective for vegetation cover type mapping at regional scale.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.288-293
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• 2018

This study was conducted to understand the characteristics of the seasonal and regional distribution of phytoplankton communities in the Fisheries Resources Protection Area of Korea (FRPA). We investigated the phytoplankton composition, abundance and dominant species collected from five different regions (Cheonsu, Tongyeong-I, Tongyeong-II, Hansan, and Jindong) in 2016. According to the results, most environmental parameters, such as temperature, salinity and nutrients, showed statistically significant seasonal differences. Suspended particulate material (SPM) only showed a statistically significant regional difference. The mean abundance of phytoplankton ranged from 13 to $4,062cells{\cdot}ml^{-1}$, with large spatio-temporal fluctuations. In particular, the bloom of phytoplankton (>$10^3cells{\cdot}ml^{-1}$) in Cheonsu Bay occurred in April and October with Skeletonema spp. and Chaetoceros socialis being the dominant species during these two seasons, respectively. The dominant species in the FRPA were diatoms (Pseudo-nitzschia spp., Skeletonema spp., and Chaetoceros pseudocriniuts) and dinoflagellates (Scrippsiella trochoidea and Tripos furca). The seasonal distribution of phytoplankton communities showed typical characteristics of coastal waters, i.e., that diatoms usually dominated in winter and autumn, while dinoflagellates tended to dominate in spring and summer. Meanwhile, the dominance rate of diatoms in the phytoplankton community in Cheonsu Bay, which is located in a high-turbidity region, was 9~27 % greater than that of diatoms in the phytoplankton community found in the south coastal waters, which is a low turbidity region.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.167-184
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• 2016

This paper investigates the migration process of Korean population in Northeastern China since the 19th century, focusing on the population distribution patterns in different time periods which reflect changes and diffusions of diaspora space. Korean migration into Northeastern China seemed to begin from the late 19th century, and can be classified into four different periods including cross-border refugee period (19th to 1910), political exile period(1911-1931), forced migration period(1932-1945), and economic-driven migration period(after 1946). The Korean migration into Northeastern China was closely related to paddy field rice farming by Korean migrants, which can be interpreted as a process of contagious diffusion starting from border area between Korea and China at the early stage. And then, process of hierarchical diffusion occurred along with urban centers on the railways from the 1930s. At the later stage, Korean migration has extended to coastal urban centers, other big cities in China and other countries including Korea since the 2000s. Recently, ethnic Korean communities in China have experienced changes from rural village based community to urban district based community as well as from single-nuclei ethnic structure around Northeastern China toward multi-nuclei ethnic structure extending to coastal urban areas in China.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.6_2
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• pp.1605-1613
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• 2020

The tidal channel is a coastal sedimentary terrain that plays the most important role in the formation and development of tidal flats, and is considered a very important index for understanding and distribution of tidal flat sedimentation/erosion terrain. The purpose of this study is to understand the changes in tidal channels by a period after the opening of the floodgate of the seawall in the reclaimed land of Sihwa Lake using KOMPSAT high-resolution multispectral satellite image data and to evaluate the applicability and efficiency of high-resolution satellite images. KOMPSAT 2 and 3 images were used for extraction of the tidal channels' lineaments in 2009, 2014, and 2019 and were applied to supervised classification method based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Artificial Neural Net (ANN), Matched Filtering (MF), and Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and band ratio techniques using Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and MF/SAM. For verification, a numerical map of the National Geographic Information Service and Landsat 7 ETM+ image data were utilized. As a result, KOMPSAT data showed great agreement with the verification data compared to the Landsat 7 images for detecting a direction and distribution pattern of the tidal channels. However, it has been confirmed that there will be limitations in identifying the distribution of tidal channels' density and providing meaningful information related to the development of the sedimentary process. This research is expected to present the possibility of utilizing KOMPSAT image-based high-resolution remote exploration as a way of responding to domestic intertidal environmental issues, and to be used as basic research for providing multi-platform-image-based convergent thematic maps and topics.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.133-143
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• 1997

A population-based study of people aged above 20 years showed that 32% had emmetropia and 68% had ammetropia(myopia 56.6%. hyperopia 11.4%) city in Korea. The percentage of ammetropia in population based study is higher than that of clinic(O.P.D.) based. A 83.3% of the ammetropia had myopia. which is higher than 76.3% of 1968 and 76.9% of 1975 years. A 16.7% of the ammetropia had hyperopia. which is lower than 19.4% of 1968 and 17.3% of 1975 years. In the kind of refractive error. 32.1% of 985 eyes examined had compound myopic astigmatism. 18.2% had simple myopic astigmatism. 14.2% had simple myopia. 6.8% had simple hyperopic astigmatism, 5.0% had mixed astigmatism, 4.7% had compound hyperopic astigmatism and 3.6% had simple hyperopia. In the difference of binocular refractive error, 29% had 0.50~2.00 Dptr difference and 3.6% had difference above 2.00 Dptr. In age related myopic refractive error, 76.7% of people aged 20~29 years and 74.0% of 30~39 years had myopia. It is due to overstudy for entrance into a university that the percentage of myopia is higher than that of abroad. In age related hyperopic refractive error, 2.9% of people aged 20~29 years, 0.6% of 30~39 years. 6.3% of 40~49 years, 16.0% of 50~59 years and 63.9% of 60~69 years had hyperopia. It shows that the age related hyperopic refractive error was significantly increased at aged 40~49 years. The right eye had more myopic refractive error than left eye.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

This study was aimed at assess environmental conservation functions by analyzing the change of land use areas in agricultural fields between 1999 and 2006, and comparing land surface temperature distribution between 1994 and 2006 in Yongin city. Land use maps of Yongin city were obtained from soil maps for 1999, Quickbird satellite images(less than 1 m) and parcel map for 2006. The land use area for Yongin city was in the order of forest > paddy field > upland > residence & building in 1999, and forest > residence & building > paddy field > upland in 2006. Decrease of paddy and upland fields reduced 34% and 41% of the capability of agricultural multifunctionality as to environment including flood control, groundwater recharge, and air cooling. Land surface temperature(LST) was derived from Landsat TM thermal infrared band acquired in September of 1994 and 2006 and classified into three grades. The results impplied that green vegetation in agricultural field and forest play an important role to reduce land surface temperature in warm season.