• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.759-778
• /
• 2021

This study was carried out to verify whether there were any differences in accepting moral issues between adolescents who played using characters of high status (either objectively or subjectively highly ranked within a game) in the online game world and those who played using characters of low status (either objectively or subjectively lowly ranked). It also investigated whether there were moderating interactional effects for the amount of time spent on playing games and the influence of adolescents' social statuses in games over accepting moral issues. Results showed that, overall, adolescents who played using a lower-ranking character in the game world displayed a higher acceptance of moral issues than those who played using characters of the two other categories (equal to average level or higher). Furthermore, interactional effects were observed for those who played using a low-ranking character and spent longer hours playing games, as they were more likely to accept moral issues. This study is significant in that it offers many implications, as a rare study that verified the effects of cyberspace status on moral judgements made in the real world.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2010.05a
• /
• pp.393-398
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 남북한 공유하천을 둘러싼 문제를 가장 근본적인 사항에서부터 재조명하고자 하는 시도로 이루어졌다. 우선 국제법상 논의의 대상이 되고 있는 국제적인 공유하천(international rivers)의 법리성을 살펴보고, 공유하천이 가질 수밖에 없는 특수성을 이해하고자 하였다. 공유하천의 상류지역에 접한 국가와 하류지역에 접한 국가의 법적 정치적인 입장 차이를 알아보고, 분쟁의 원인과 분쟁해결과정을 고찰하였다. 그리고 국제적인 법전화 노력이 지속적으로 추진되고 있음에도 불구하고 국가 간 합의를 이루지 못하고 있는 사안을 집중적으로 분석하였다. 공유하천의 문제는 비단 남북한에 국한된 문제는 아니다. 상당히 오랜 시간 국제사회에서 갈등의 원인을 제공하여 왔으며, 그 해결방법을 찾는 일은 현재에도 지속적으로 이루어지고 있다. 우리나라의 경우, 궁극적으로 공공관리를 위한 방안을 마련하여야 할 것이다. 그 전제조건으로 남북 공유하천의 법적지위를 명확히 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 국제적인 공유하천의 사례연구를 통하여 남북한 공유하천의 법적인 지위를 명확히 하고, 이에 따른 법적 정당성을 모색하고자 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.51-61
• /
• 2013

This study is to investigate the effecting factors on using ICT ability, and using computers for learning through PISA 2009 Korean data. Multi-level analysis is adapted to hierarchical nested data. Results show as follows: First, using ICT ability is affected by variables on the student level, but not on the school level, except in ESCS. Second, using computers for the purpose of learning at home is also affected by variables on the student level, but not on the school level, except in ESCS and in the size of region. Third, using computers for learning at the school is more influenced by variables on the school level like ESCS, the size of region, the ratio of computers, and the student-teacher ratio. The results suggest planning a computer education policy with considering both personal and school differences based on the multi-level approach.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.85-107
• /
• 2011

Based on two cross-sectional Time Diary data. this study examines the change in internet use pattern of Koreans. Building on the literatures on Digital Divides, it traces the changes in frequency, diversity and specific purpose of internet use and tries to identify factors affecting these changes. The results show that the frequency and diversity of internet use increases across five years. They also reveal that the usage gap in internet between genders increases While the usage gap across social economic status still exists. The implication of these results are discussed.

• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.211-238
• /
• 2012

Using data from Korean Longitudinal Study on Aging (KLoSA), this study examines how continuity and change of marital status is associated with health over time among older women, focusing on the moderating effects of age and parent-child relationships. KLoSA data set has two waves of interviews, and for this study, 2046 women aged 65 and over were selected. To analyze data, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used. The major findings are as follows. First, there was no statistically significant difference in health between continuously married older women and continuously single older women. However, older women who had transition from being married to being single showed lower physical health than continuously married and continuously single older women. Second, there were statistically significant differences in the effect of marital status on mental health according to the age of older women. Older women who had transition from being married to being single showed lower mental health than continuously married elders when older women were younger. Third, contact with children moderated the effect of marital status on physical health. Older women who had transition from being married to being single showed lower physical health than continuously single and continuously married older women when older women had less contact with their children. The findings imply after the loss of marital role, older women's relationship with adult children plays a significant role in promoting health. In conclusion, the findings of this study show the different pathways through which marital status is associated with health for 3 different groups of older women, being continuously single, being continuously married, and making transition from being married to being single.

• The Korean Nurse
• /
• v.23 no.3 s.126
• /
• pp.44-50
• /
• 1984

한국여성은 전통적으로 대가족제도 속에서 육아 및 가사활동에만 종사해왔다. 그러나 산업화 및 사회구조의 변화로 여성들도 교육의 기회를 갖게 되었으며 전통적인 역할 수행에 대한 가치변화와 함께 여성의 사회적 역할을 필요로 하게 되었다. 반면에 가족 형태가 핵가족화 함으로서 가족 내에서의 자녀양육을 비롯한 가정적 역할이 더욱 중요시 되게 되었다. 오늘날 한국사회는 여성에게 현재의 사회구조와 핵가족 속에서는 시간적으로 동시에 수행할 수 없는 두 가지 상반된 역할을 강조하고 있는 것이다. 이러한 상반된 역할사이에서는 여성은 갈등과 좌절감을 느끼게 되며 이중적인 부담 속에서 생활하게 되었다. 본 원고에서는 전통적인 한국의 가족가치관을 살펴보고 건강관리 측면에서 여성의 역할을 살펴보고 건강관리 측면에서 여성의 역할을 살펴보고자 한다. 전통적 가족가치관과 여성-우리나라의 전통적 가족은 부계 중심의 혈연 계승을 중요시하는 가부장적 대가족제도라 할 수 있다. 따라서 부계 계승을 통한 가족의 영속성과 가 중심사상에 기반을 둔 철저한 가족주의적 가치관이 전통적 사회를 지배하여 왔다. 그러므로 자연히 개인보다 가족집단이 우의적인 지위에 있을 뿐만 아니라 모든 행동의 결정에도 중요한 준거 집단이 되었다. 이러한 가의 영속 및 번영을 가장 효과적으로 수행하기 위해서는 많은 자녀를 필요로 했으며 부계중심 가족에서 자연히 남아 선호사상이 강할 수밖에 없었으며 이것은 조상에 대한 의무요 책임이라 생각했다. 이러한 가부장권의 확대에 반비례해서 가정 내에서 여성의 지위와 역할은 축소되어갔다. 여성들의 절대적인 예속을 필요로 하여 삼종지도니 칠거지악이니 불경이부등의 도덕률을 만들었으며 여성들 스스로가 이러한 정절과 복종을 미덕으로 생각하도록 교육받음으로서 여성들 자신이 자기희생의 굴레 속에서 인내와 복종의 생활을 운명처럼 받아들이게 되었으며 남편과 자식을 위해서는 목숨까지도 희생하게끔 철저히 사회화되었던 것이다. 그러나 가족 제도 안에서의 남녀의 지위는 동위 항렬 내에서만 해당되고 항렬을 달리할 때는 삼종지도의 이론에 부합된다. 어머니로서의 존장련이 인정되어서 가정 내에서의 여성의 종속적인 지위에 비하여 모의 권한은 절대적이었다. 상례와 제례에서 어머니와 아버지에 대한 의식에는 차이가 없으며 내외 명부제도에 의해서 부인도 남편과 똑같은 대우를 받도록 되어있다. 이러한 존장련에 의한 모의 권리와 더불어 부부유별에 의해서 가사권의 독자적인 결정권도 인정되고 있었다. 건강관리 측면에서 여성의 역할- 전통적으로 건강관리에 관련된 한국여성의 역할은 1. 씨받이로서의 역할로 생명을 잉태하도록 돕고 건강한 아이의 수태를 위해 태교에 힘썼으며 2. 자녀의 의식주를 해결하는 가사 역할만을 담당하는 전통적인 여성의 역할만을 수행하였으며 출산한 생명을 건강하게 자라도록 건강관리를 철저히 하였으나 체계적인 건강관리는 되지 못하였으며 특히 식생활에 유의하였으나 정서, 사회면은 도외시 한 과잉보호현상이었다. 3. 결혼 후에는 남편의 건강관리를 위해 철저하였으며 특히 식생활에 유의하였고 정서적으로 부담을 주지 않도록 유념하였다. 4. 또한, 임종시 평안한 죽음을 맞도록 도왔다. 전통적으로 한국여성의 역할은 돕는 역할이었다.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.60 no.4
• /
• pp.5-29
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of job characteristics of working poor on poverty status, focused on sex differences. The results are as follows. First, there are sex differences in career year, job position and industry for determining poverty entry. And second, career year, job regularity and occupy are different variables for men and women in determining poverty exit. This result says that job characteristics partially affects on poverty status of sex differently. Thus we need to sensitive policy that considers different experiences of men and women working poor as to poverty status mobility.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.177-184
• /
• 1987

The quantitative mechanics on the sideways walking of the crabs may provide a basic solution for entanglements of the walking legs in gillnets. The gaiting behaviour of the crabs on the flat board and the nettings 10, 16 and 23 mm in mesh size were experimented concerning about stepping positions and times in the laboratory using video set on July, 1984, It was found that the irregular movements of walking crabs in stepping positions and patterns were appeared on the nettings due to the absence of mechanical contact in spite of neural control of compensating, while on the flat surface evolved systematic leg movements. The mean stride length and walking velocity, which were increased with the carapace width on the flat board, as well as the step period and forward by backward stroke time were greater than those values on the netting, not associated with the carapace or the mesh size. Also, the step period and the Phase difference on the nettings revealed larger fluctuation than on the flat board. The joint angles of the walking legs, on the nettings in meropodite-carporodite and thorax-meropodite, which joint was varied especially up to below horizon because of the falling legs through the netting twine, were virtually wider than those on the flat substrate.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.45-65
• /
• 2016

Global competition and unstable economic situation in recent years have brought in adverse working conditions such as proliferation of temporary or part-time workers and new shift system. In this study we use exploratory data analysis method to find the relationship between some of the important variables which are related to working hours in KWCS (Korean Working Conditions Survey) and EWCS (European Working Conditions Survey). Next, working hours are explored in terms of sex, employment type, occupation and industry using 2006, 2010, 2011, 2014 KWCS data as well as 2010 EWCS data. Lastly, respondents are divided into two groups of healthy and nonhealthy workers and their working hours are explored in terms of the same categories as above. Finally, simple regression analysis is used to find the effect of health on weekly working hours and adjustment of the effect of health on weekly working hours is made using multiple regression analysis with some other independent variable such as sex, age and employment type included in the model.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.103 no.4
• /
• pp.605-612
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to predict the changes of yearly productive area distribution for Quercus mongolica under climate change scenarios. For this, site index equations by ecoprovinces were first developed using environmental factors. Using the large data set from both a digital forest site map and a climatic map, a total of 48 environmental factors including 19 climatic variables were regressed on site index to develop site index equations. Two climate change scenarios, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, were then applied to the developed site index equations and the distribution of productive areas for Quercus mongolica were predicted from 2020 to 2100 years in 10-year intervals. The results from this study show that the distribution of productive areas for Quercus mongolica generally decreases as time passes. It was also found that the productive area distribution of Quercus mongolica is different over time under two climate change scenarios. The RCP 8.5 which is more extreme climate change scenario showed much more decreased distribution of productive areas than the RCP 4.5. It is expected that the study results on the amount and distribution of productive areas over time for Quercus mongolica under climate change scenarios could provide valuable information necessary for the policies of suitable species on a site.