• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.1039-1055
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• 2014

The distribution of a test statistic under a null hypothesis depends on the unknown distribution of the data and thus is unknown as well. Conditional tests replace the unknown null distribution by the conditional null distribution, that is, the distribution of the test statistic given the observed data. This approach is known as permutation tests and was developed by Fisher (Fisher, 1935). Theoretical framework for permutation tests was given by Strasser and Weber(1999). The coin package developed by Hothon et al. (2006, 2008) implements a unified approach for conditional inference via the generic independence test. Because convenient functions for the most prominent problems are available, users will not have to use the extremely flexible procedure. In this article we briefly review the underlying theory from Strasser and Weber (1999) and explain how to transform the data to perform the generic function independence test. Finally it was illustrated with a few real data sets.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.28 no.1_2
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• pp.45-51
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• 2001

정보 처리량이 증가함에 따라 한번에 많은 양의 평문을 암호화 할 수 있는 입출력이 큰 블록 암호기의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 하지만 입출력이 큰 블록 암호기를 직접 구현하는 것은 많은 비용이 든다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 기존에 존재하는 블록 암호기를 이용해서 입출력이 큰 블록 암호기를 구현할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 그런 뒤 새로 제안된 비대칭 피스텔 네트웍 구조가 안전한 블록 암호기가 되기 위한 조건을 분석한다. 논문의 결과는 다음과 같다. 확장 가능한 비대칭 피스텔 네트웍이 입력과 출력의 크기가 모두 n 비트인 유사 랜덤 함수 생성기를 사용하는 경우, k가 홀수이고 전체 라운드 수가 2k+1이상이면 유사 랜덤 순열 생성기이다.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2000

In this paper, we formulate an optimal control problem to obtain the optimal signal strength and detection threshold for tracking with NN filter, First, we predict the tracking performance of NN filter by using the HYCA method. Based on this method, the predicted tracking performance is represented with respect to signal strength and detection threshold. Using this relation, we find the optimal parameters for following three examples： 1) the sequence of optimal detection threshold which minimizes sum of position estimation error； 2) the sequence of optimal detection threshold which minimizes sum of validation gate volume； and 3) the sequence of optimal signal strength and detection threshold which minimizes sum of signal strength.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.596-605
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• 1997

The synamic systrm emplohing the self-squared function, , $f(Z)=z^2+c$, provides the Mandelbrot set which classifies constants c using the divergence of the sequence starting from the origin.To speed-up the generation of Mandelbrot set images, two approaches , called as the divide-and-conquer technique and the triangular boundary tracing technique, have been developed.However , the divede-and-conquer technique genrates sequences of some pixels that so not affect graphical representations of the Mandelbrot set.The triangular boundary tracing tech-mique does noot represent some 8-connected components of the Mandelbrost set.In this paper, we prorose a new ;method which solves the 8-connectivity problem of triangular boundary tracing technique.This algorithm considers the divergence for only pixels which are essential to the graphical repressentation of the Mandelbrot set.It also foves good representations for 8-connected components like hairly structures.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.5 no.12
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• pp.3088-3098
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• 1998

The arrangement graph, which is a viable interconnection scheme for parallel and distributed systems, has been proposed as an attactive altemative to the n-cube. However, A fault tolerant design model which is well suitable for the arrangement graph doesn't has been proposd until recently, but fault tolerant design modelsfor many schemes have been proposed ina large number of paper. So, our paper presents a new fault tolerant design technique suited for the arrangement graph. To maintains the previous structures when it ocurs a fault in the current processing, the scheme properly sugbstitutes a fault-componnent into the existing structures by adding a spare component. the first of all, it converts arrangement graph into a circulant graph using the hamiltonian property and then uses automorphism of circulant graph to tolerate faults. Also, We optimize the cost of rate fault tolerant architectures by adding exactly k spare processor while tolerating up to k processor and minimizing the maximum number of limks per processor. Specially, we proposes a new techniue to minimize the maximum number of links.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of powdered young barley leaf and its water extract on body weight and lipid metabolism in high-fat fed mice. Male mice were divided into normal group, high-fat (HF) group, high-fat group supplemented with powdered young barley leaf (HF-YBL) and high-fat group supplemented with water extract of the powdered young barley leaf (HF-WYBL). The powdered young barley leaf or its water extract was added to a standard diet based on 1% dried young barley leaf (1 g YBL/100 diet and 0.28 g WYBL/100 g diet) for 8 weeks. Supplementation of YBL and WYBL significantly reduced body weight and epididymal adipose tissue weight in high-fat fed mice. Food intake and daily energy intake were significantly lower in the YBL group than in the HF group. After 8 weeks, plasma triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were significantly higher in the HF group than in the Normal group; however, both YBL and WYBL significantly lowered those of the high-fat fed mice. The ratio of HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol of the YBL and WYBL groups were significantly elevated compared to that of HF group. Both YBL and WYBL significantly increased fecal excretion of triglyceride in high-fat fed mice, whereas they did not affect fecal cholesterol concentration. The triglyceride levels of liver, adipose tissue and heart were significantly lower in the YBL and WYBL groups than in the HF group. Supplementation of WYBL also lowered the kidney triglyceride and heart cholesterol concentrations compared to those of HF group. Hepatic lipid regulating enzyme activities, fatty acid synthase, HMG-CoA reductase and acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase, were significantly lower in the YBL and WYBL groups than in the HF group. Accordingly, these results suggest that YBL and WYBL improve plasma and organ lipid levels partly by increasing fecal lipid excretion and inhibiting fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.753-763
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• 2022

In coastal and inland bays, where most of Korea's aquaculture is located, massive aquaculture damage occurs every year due to frequent anomalous high water temperatures. The interannual fluctuations of water temperature in July over the past four years (2018-2021) were the second largest since 1990 (after the period of 1994-1997) due to anomalous high temperatures, rainy seasons, and typhoons. Through analysis of heat flux and heat balance in areas of concern for high water temperatures (i.e., Cheonsu Bay, Gamak Bay, Guryongpo), the occurrence of high water temperatures in Cheonsu Bay and Gamak Bay in the summer seasons was confirmed to derive mainly from heat inflow through the sea surface from the air. Based on estimations of the average ocean heat transport rate in July for the four-year period of 2018-2021, Cheonsu Bay and Gamak Bay accounted for 13.5% and 62.3% outflow of the net heat flux, respectively. However, the ocean heat transport rate in Guryongpo Hajeong differed significantly from -174.5% to 132.5% of the net heat flux by year depending on the occurrence of cold water mass.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.261-279
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• 2009

Permutation and combination are the subjects that most teachers feel difficult to teach in Mathematics. This paper investigated evaluation items and factors of anxiety of students for permutation and combination, and further examined the way to lessen the factors of anxiety. Two high school students participated for over a year from December 2007 to February 2008. Also, two teachers joined for the analysis of evaluation items. We found that the ill-structured problems and word problems are the main factors to bring about the anxiety, whereas cooperative learning with high intelligent peers, practice to read word problems and write the process of problems solving are helpful in lessening the mathematical anxieties. Further we propose that the study of appropriate teaching and learning method for permutation and combination should be performed in the future.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.567-578
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• 2017

Grouped multivariate data can be tested for differences between two or more groups using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). However, this method cannot be used if several assumptions of MANOVA are violated. In this case, multidimensional scaling (MDS) and analysis of distance (AOD) can be applied to grouped dissimilarities based on the various distances. A permutation test is a non-parametric method that can also be used to test differences between groups. MDS is used to calculate the coordinates of observations from dissimilarities and AOD is useful for finding group structure using the coordinates. In particular, AOD is mathematically associated with MANOVA if using the Euclidean distance when computing dissimilarities. In this paper, we study the between and within group structure by applying MDS and AOD to the grouped dissimilarities. In addition, we propose a new test statistic using the group structure for the permutation test. Finally, we investigate the relationship between AOD and MANOVA from dissimilarities based on the Euclidean distance.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.291-294
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• 2006

기존의 DRM 보호기법은 특정 콘텐츠 포맷에 일부 제한적인 보호방식의 특성이 있기 때문에 현재 모든 디지털 콘텐츠에 대해서 범용적으로 DRM 보호기법을 적용할 수 없는 문제점이 있으므로, 아직도 많은 종류의 디지털 콘텐츠는 DRM 보호기능을 제공받지 못하고 있다. 또한, 기존의 DRM 보호기법은 암호화 알고리즘을 기반으로 많은 양의 데이터에 대해서 암/복호화를 수행하기 때문에 속도가 많이 소요되는 단점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 범용적인 DRM 보호를 위해 콘텐츠 헤더의 부분 암호화 방식과 분할된 콘텐츠에 대한 순열 재조합을 이용한 방법으로 모든 디지털 콘텐츠에 대해서 범용적으로 DRM 보호기능을 제공하는 기법을 제안하였다. 또한 이 기법은 콘텐츠의 암/복호화 수행 속도를 향상 시키고 동시에 기존의 보안성은 유지하는 기능을 포함하고 있으므로 다양한 형식의 디지털 콘텐츠에 대하여 유연하게 적용이 가능하며, 다양한 비즈니스 환경에 확장성 있는 통합 가능하다.