• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.341-352
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• 2013

The physical and mechanical properties of red shale and black shale exposed in the Daegu area were investigated in tests conducted to determine unit weight, absorption ratio, porosity, ultrasonic velocity, unconfined compressive strength, point load strength, slake durability index, and deterioration characteristics. XRD, XRF, and SEM analyses were also performed on the shale specimens. While the unit weights of the two shales were similar, the absorption ratio and porosity were higher in the red shale than in the black shale. Despite the higher porosity of the red shale, the ultrasonic velocity, compressive strength, and point load strength were higher in the red shale, which is an unexpected result that may be due to the presence of fine laminations in the black shale. The deterioration rate, as determined from the point load strength and the slake durability index, increased with increasing immersion time and with the acidity of the immersion liquid. The deterioration rate was higher for the red shale than for the black shale because of the higher porosity of the former.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.250-260
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• 2016

This study was conducted to determine the reasonable soaking period of glutinous rice for laver Bugak (Korean traditional fried dishes) processing and to identify the sensory characteristics of three kinds of laver Bugak made with different starch pastes: GRice_1d using glutinous rice soaked for 1 day; GRice_7d using glutinous rice fermented for 7 days; and Wheat using flour. Descriptive analysis was performed by 10 trained panelists, and the 92 consumers evaluated the overall acceptance (OL), acceptance of appearance (APPL), odor (ODL), flavor (FLL), and texture (TXTL) of the samples using a 9-point hedonic scale. From the measurement result by scanning electron microscope (SEM), there were differences in the surface characteristics among soaking period for 1 day and 7 days. Ten panelists were trained, and they evaluated the appearance, odor/aroma, flavor/taste, texture/mouth feel, and after taste attributes of these samples. 36 attributes were generated by panelists and 12 attribute were significantly different across products (p<0.05). It was found that the Grice_7d sample was characterized by mouthfeel of crispiness and uniformity of bubbles, and the Wheat sample was characterized by surface of roughness, mouthfeel of crispiness and adhesiveness, relatively. And the Grice_1d sample was characterized by surface of roughness, mouthfeel of roughness, hardness, cohesiveness, toughness, and adhesiveness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.199-199
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• 1996

급성 간질환모델에 대한 인진호 추출분획의 간장 약효검색, 방법 1. $CCl_4$ 간장해 : SD계 수컷 흰쥐에 $CCl_4$와 olive oil 혼합액(1:4v/v%)을 체중100g당 0.2$m\ell$씩 복강내 투여하였으며, 시험약물은 $CCl_4$ 혼합액 투여 4시간전 및 6시간후에 경구로 2회 투여하였다. 48시간후에 부검하여 혈청을 얻어 간기능검사 항목인 ALT 및 AST 활성을 측정하였다. 2. D-Galactosamine 간염 : SD계 수컷 흰쥐에 D-GalactosamineㆍHCl을 650mg/kg씩 복강내 투여하였으며, 시험약물은 $CCl_4$ 간장해시험과 동일하게 2회 경구투여하였다. D-Galactosamine 투여 24시간 후에 부검하여 혈청을 얻어 간기능검사 항목인 ALT 및 AST 활성을 측정하였다. 3. 담즙울체모델 : SD계 수컷 흰쥐에 ANIT 100mg을 olive oil 1$m\ell$에 현탁시켜 80$m\ell$/kg b.wt. 용량으로 1회 경구투여하였으며, 시험약물은 ANIT 투여전 2시간, 투여 후 6, 22, 28시간 간격으로 4회 경구투여하였다. ANIT 투여 47시간 후에 1시간 동안 담즙을 채취하였고, ANIT 투여 48시간째 채혈하여 혈청내 총빌리루빈치를 측정하였으며 담즙배출량, 담즙중 담즙산량도 측정하였다. 4. 약물투여 음성대조 : 1% CMC-Na 용액(10$m\ell$/kg b.wt.) 양성대조 : Silymarin(25mg/kg), UDCA(25mg/kg), DDB(37.5mg/kg) 인진호추출분획 : 인진호 원료의 수침액인 BE분획의 수득률을 기준으로 하여, KP(180mg/kg), PS-1 및 PS-2(300mg/kg), EE(500mg/kg), HH(640mg/kg), BE(1500mg/kg)

• Resources Recycling
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.58-63
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• 2011

pH control-precipitation method is used for recovery of EDTA from waste fluid of archeological waterlogged wood conservation treatment. EDTA has been used for eliminating of blacken effect in archeological waterlogged wood which was buried in the ground for long period of time. The black substance is generated by Fe$^{3+}$ in the soil reacted with tannin in the archeological waterlogged wood. In order to remove the black substance in archeological waterlogged wood, EDTA was used. The black substance is eliminated from wood as Fe-EDTA complex are formed, and EDTA is separated and precipitated from Fe-EDTA complexes at pH 2.68 or less. The result of analysis of the precipitated products and the commercial EDTA by FT-IR and FE-SEM showed that precipitated product by pH adjusted was not a type of Fe-EDTA complex, but pure EDTA. In this study, Fe$^{3+}$ from waste fluid of EDTA can be separated by HCl added. EDTA can be recycled by using the method of precipitation of EDTA in a strong acid.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.732-737
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• 2016

Using the pyrolyzed carbon black (PCB) from waste tires, the performance of 13 mm dense-graded hot mix asphalt was evaluated. The Marshall mix design was carried out and the measured optimal asphalt content was 5.8%. The impact resonant test was conducted to obtain the elastic modulus and damping ratio of the hot mix asphalt. The elastic modulus of HMA increased with increasing amount of PCB. On the other hand, there was no significant change in the damping ratio. The Marshall mix design, indirect tensile test, permanent deformation test, and program analysis were carried out. The strength ratio of the PCB modified asphalt mixtures was within 10%. More 10% of PCB was not good for the permanent deformation of hot mix asphalt. From the pavement design program, the use of 5% PCB in hot mix asphalt showed a decrease in the top-down crack, bottom-up crack, and permanent deformation. Judging from the limited test and analysis, the use of 5% PCB is good for enhancing the pavement performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.85-85
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• 1997

스트레스가 유발된 랫드의 대뇌에서 Vasopressin-catecholamine pathway의 활성도를 알아보기 위해 면역화학염색법으로 vasopressin 호르몬의 분비와 catecholamine의 생성변화를 tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) 효소의 발현변화로 규명하고, arginine vasopressin (AVP)과 V1 vasopressin receptor의 유전자 발현변화를 in situ hybridization 방법을 이용하여 살펴보았다. 수컷 SD rat를 7시간동안 stress cage에 넣어 16$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$의 물에 수침구속 스트레스를 준 후 대조군과 함께 관류고정하여 brain을 적출하였다. Brain의 hypothalamus 부위를 중심으로하여 동결절편하여 면역조직화학 염색과 in situ hybridization을 시행하였다. TH 면역조직화학 염색에서 대뇌의 줄무늬체 부위의 꼬리조가비핵에서와 시상하부 부위의 내측등쪽시상하부와 흑색질부위에서 스트레스군이 대조군에 비해 TH 면역염색성이 증가되어 관찰되었으나 시상하부 부위의 시삭위핵, 뇌실주위핵, 뇌실옆핵에서는 두 군간의 큰 면역염색성의 차이는 보이지 않았다. AVP 면역조직화학 염색에서는 시삭위핵에 많은 수의 AVP 양성 신경세포체들이 밀집되어 있으며 뇌실옆핵에서는 스트레스군에서 AVP 면역염색성이 약간 증가되어 관찰되었으나 신경섬유의 분포양상은 비슷하였다. 중간융기에서는 모두 강한 염색성의 신경섬유들이 관찰되어 두 군간에 큰 차이는 없었다. AVP 유전자에 대한 in situ hybridization 결과 시삭위핵의 신경세포에서 AVP mRNA 양성반응을 관찰할 수 있었으나 다른 시상하부핵에서는 관찰할 수 없었으며, V1 vasopressin receptor에 대한 in situ hybridization 결과는 두 군의 대뇌에서 모두 양성반응을 관찰할 수 없었으며 V1 vasopressin receptor 유전자의 조직별 발현정도와 스트레스에 의한 발현량 조절을 관찰할 필요가 있다고 사료된다.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.8 no.1 s.11
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• pp.28-32
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• 1999

The performance of dimensional stabilization of lactitol, PEG (Mw, 4000), and sucrose was evaluated for thin sections of oak wood (Quercus sp.) that had been buried in underground for presumably 1500 years. Thin wood sections of the specimen were soaked for three and seven days in each stabilizing agent with wide concentration ranges of 10, 30, 50, and $70\%$ by weight. Sucrose showed the largest weight gain among three agents, and the shrinkage of cross sections were found to be $1\%\;and\;4\%$ for three and seven days soaking, respectively. The result showed that sucrose among three stabilizing agents used was the best for the dimensional stabilization of the oak wood.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.155-165
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• 2016

This study aimed at verifying the effect of hydroxypropyl cellulose(HPC) treatment on polyethylene glycol(PEG)-treated waterlogged wood for surface stabilizing. This research investigated macroscopic and microscopic appearance, color change, weight change, and dimensional change. And effect of HPC was verified through variance analysis (ANOVA) and least significant difference test(LSD). HPC formed thin layer on the surface of wood specimen, and blocked the pore of tracheid and the gap between the crack. Specimens without deterioration showed no invisible change except HPC 1,000,000 treatment group. Whitening was appeared at the sound surface of HPC 1,000,000 treated wood. Specimens with deterioration showed a little color difference change by external moisture adsorption. Thin layer of HPC on the surface of wood specimen was maintained after the deterioration, and this HPC layer significantly suppressed the weight and dimensional change by moisture adsorption.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.16 s.16
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• pp.21-26
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• 2004

A lot of waterlogged shrouds and mummies have been found in tombs revered with lime of the Chosun Dynasty(1392-1910) of Korea. Shrouds were heavily polluted with greyish white material. Greyish white material, which adhered to shrouds excavated from tombs(16C and 17C), was submitted to FT-IR qualitative analysis and fatty acid analysis for cleaning. The results of the FT-IR qualitative analysis identified the main ingredient of the greyish white material as calcium salt of fatty acid, including a little of the fatty acids, lipids and proteins. Therefore the greyish white material fumed out adipocere which was formed from the degradation of the lipids in a dead body. From the fatty acid analysis, hydroxy fatty acids(10-Hydroxyhexadecanoic acid and 10-Hydroxyoctadecanoic acid), which were found in adipocere, were detected. The distribution of contents of fatty acids was also rimilar to that of adipocere which have a high proportion of palmitic acid of saturated fatty acid and a low proportion of oleic arid of unsaturated fatty acid. In view of the results of analyses, it was revealed that greyish white material adhered to shrouds was adipocere moved from a mummy.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.21
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• pp.49-58
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• 2007

Among the treatment results of test samples of the antique lacquer-ware, the treatment with PEG#3,350 40% solution displayed excellent effect with low shrinkage ratio; in weight gain the treatment with Sucrose 19%+Glycerin 1%(t-butanol 5% in water) solution showed consistent increase. However during the impregnation process of Sucrose, the weight of the testing samples decreased by dehydration because the inner part of the test samples and the treatment solution showed concentration gradient. Therefore, we concluded longer impregnation period should be necessary to prevent dehydration. Since both higher and lower molecular weight treatment chemicals could penetrate into the wood of the lacquer-ware, air drying and conditioning after impregnation treatment with high concentration chemicals would be possible, as well as vacuum freeze-drying.