• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.5534-5542
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• 2014

The defense industry plays a larger role than merely maintaining national security; it also has ripple effects in society, such as employment growth through increased domestic demand and advancement of industrial structures. In this study, the factors affecting the defense industry were divided into military support and government support. Previous research dealing with the correlation of management of the defense industry and each of these important factors was then investigated and analyzed. These results are believed to contribute to growth of the defense industry through building an environment that positively affects the defense industry's growth, profitability and productivity, and achieves higher business performance.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.65-77
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze factors in country risk between Cambodia and Vietnam. OECD and the Export-Import Ban of Korea assess country risk of Cambodia more highly than Vietnam. As results of the parametric tests for evaluation factors on the basis of country risk classification, the economic growth rate, the foreign trade index, and the foreign exchange reserves among the economic risks with the corruption index as the political and social risk have statistically significant effect on the difference between country risks of two countries. However, discriminant factor analysis indicates that the economic growth rate, the foreign exchange reserves, and the corruption index are key variables, which represent the difference between country risks of Cambodia and Vietnam. Consequently, the government of Cambodia needs to try to root out the corruption and to expand trade through increasing export for lowering the country risk to the level of Vietnam. Vietnam would also need to focus on attaining the sustainable high economic growth rate and increasing the foreign exchange reserves.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.406-420
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• 2009

European economic integration and geographical enlargement brought change in the intra-european trade flow and a trade structure. The first, an european enlargement contributes to the increase in intra-european trade, but its effect relatively becomes smaller successive enlargement. The second, the intra-industry trade increases in the intra-european trade according as an european economic integration and enlargement make possible the economy of scale. In the intra-industry trade, the horizontal intra-industry trade decreases and the vertical intra-industry trade increases. The third, the Western Europe's trade is generally an intra-industry trade, the trade of Southern Europe, Central and Eastern Europe is an inter-industry trade. But the South Europe's trade and Central and Eastern Europe's trade change from the inter-industry trade to the intra-industry trade.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.101-122
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• 2007

In this study, as the result of analyzing the relationship and influence between economic outcome and R&D supporting investment, the number of supporting subjects among the technological innovational areas of SMEs, it is as below. First, as the economic result of analyzing companies from the investment in R&D of technological innovational areas of minor companies, the number of supporting subjects and amount of R&D have relationship with increase of sales and export amount, employee reduction & the effect of new job creation shows positive correlation with the effect of import replacement. Second, as analyzing the influence of the investment in R&D has economic effect from of technological innovational minor companies. This is thought that the financial and R&D support increase a significant effect on economical, technical against SMEs.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.69-91
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• 1990

A major change in tariff rates was made in January 1989 in Korea. The benchmark tariff rate, which applies to about two thirds of all commodity items, was lowered to 15 percent from 20 percent. In addition, the variation in tariff rates among different types of commodities was reduced. This paper examines the economic impact of the tariff reform using a multisectoral general equilibrium model of the Korean economy which was introduced by Lee and Chang(1988), and by Lee(1988). More specifically, this paper attempts to find the changes in imports, exports, domestic production, consumption, prices, and employment in 31 different sectors of the economy induced by the reform in tariff rates. The policy simulations are made according to three different methods. First, tariff changes in industries are calculated strictly according to the change in legal tariff rates, which tend to over-estimate the size of the tariff reduction given the tariff-drawback system and tariff exemption applied to various import items. Second, tariff changes in industries are obtained by dividing the estimated tariff revenues of each industry by the estimated imports for that industry, which are often called actual tariff rates. According to the first method, the import-weighted average tariff rate is lowered from 15.2% to 10.2%, while the second method changes the average tariff rate from 6.2% to 4.2%. In the third method, the tariff-drawback system is internalized in the model. This paper reports the results of the policy simulation according to all three methods, comparing them with one another. It is argued that the second method yields the most realistic estimate of the changes in macro-economic variables, while the third method is useful in delineating the differences in impact across industries. The findings, according to the second method, show that the tariff reform induces more imports in most sectors. Garments, leather products, and wood products are those industries in which imports increase by more than 5 percent. On the other hand, imports in agricultural, mining and service sectors are least affected. Domestic production increases in all sectors except the following: leather products, non-metalic products, chemicals, paper and paper products, and wood-product industries. The increase in production and employment is largest in export industries, followed by service industries. An impact on macroeconomic variables is also simulated. The tariff reform increases nominal GNP by 0.26 percent, lowers the consumer price index by 0.49 percent, increases employment by 0.24 percent, and worsens the trade balance by 480 million US dollars, through a rise in exports of 540 million US dollars and a rise in imports of 1.02 billion US dollars.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13
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• pp.67-80
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• 1996

The textile industry, accounting nearly 25% of total industrial output, has progressed steadily in the last 30 years contributing greatly to the export driven economic development of Korea. Althought the textile industry has some competitiveness in the international market in terms of production capability through the ongoing restructuring effort, the area of textile design lags far behind compared to that of advanced industrial countries. This is believesd mainly due to the inadequate college education in addition to the social indifference toward the design. The current curriculum of textile design in most universities put more emphasis on the artistic aspects of design, rather than preparing the students as design specialists as required by the industries. The education system for textile design should, therfore, be restructured for the purpose of producing professional designers integrating the needs of sosiety, culture, art, economy, and advancing technology.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.33
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• pp.29-62
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• 2007

The object of this paper is to increase in domestic use of export factoring for small and medium trading companies. Factoring involves a process where a specialized firm assumes the responsibility for the administration and collection of account receivable for its clients. It can be considered a form of short term commercial financing based on selling of trade credit at a discount, or for a prescribed fee plus interest. The youngest and smallest businesses cannot receive working capital for account receivable for export from financial companies, while larger businesses tend to have less need for factoring services. Using export factoring provide a valuable improvement to cash flow and working capital position and can possibly contribute to small business growth and development. There are several suggestions for export factoring to activate in Korea. First, the number of factoring companies need to be enlarge to activate export factoring in trade and financial policies. Second, factoring companies have to perform public relations for trading companies to inform the export factoring system and its advantages. Third, government need to support the system of export factoring with legislation and financial instruments. Forth, trading companies need to be reformed credit inquiry system in terms of expenses and methods by government This paper has attempted to emphasize on export factoring for small and medium size exporting companies and deserves more research by academics, practitioners and trade policy makers.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.69
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• pp.655-672
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• 2016

The main objective of this study is to examine the mediating effect of 'e-trust' on the relationship between the antecedents related to e-marketplace and the intention of using e-marketplace. Data was collected from a survey of 169 exporting firms in Gwangju, Korea. The results of the study are as follows ; First, 'e-trust' is produced a mediating effect when technology and government factors affect the intention of using e-marketplace. However, "e-trust" does not play a mediating role in the relationship between company factor and the intention of using e-marketplace. Second, technology factor, government factor and company factor have a positive impacts on the intention of using e-marketplace. Accordingly, in order to enhance the intention of using e-marketplace, small & medium exporting firms in Korea should try more to prepare for factors related to technology and company. In addition to these, government should give full support to be prepared for regulations and systems related to e-marketplace. If e-trust were properly built, the enhancement of using e-marketplace would be taken place more smoothly. So most of exporting firms can participate in e-marketplace more actively.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.205-221
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• 2009

Since second half of 1990s, Korean "Han-Ryu" focuses international attention, which means Korean cultural industries increase their exports. However, traditional theories of international trade in cultural industries could not explain this phenomenon of increasing cultural goods from developing countries. Using the fact that Becker(1996)'s 'consumption capital' can increase productivity in cultural industries as well as contribute to form 'taste' for new cultural goods. This study suggests the proper conditions for catching-up of developing countries in cultural industries through comparative statistics.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 1998

50년대에 급속한 경제성장을 이룩한 서독은 수출증대를 위하여 대량생산제품의 개발을 통한 국제경쟁력 강화를 꾀하였다. 여기에서 디자인이 제품의 질적 요소로서 그리고 판매증진의 요소로서 이해됨으로써, 제품개발을 위한 디자인의 개발이 강하게 요구되고, 또한 디자이너 양성을 위한 대학의 필요성이 대두되었다. 이러한 사회적 요구에 힘입어, 울름 조형대학은 '53년 8월 그 문을 열게 되었다. 설립초기에서부터 이 대학이 가장 중요하게 내세운 것은 바우하우스의 계승이었다. 그러나 초대 학장 막스 빌의 현대예술 중심적 디자인 관과 바우하우스 교수법을 그대로 답습하는 기초교육과정은 - 과학적으로 객관화된 디자인을“정치적”으로 정립하고자 - 바우하우스 이념을 계승하여 새로운 사회건설을 지향하는 젊은 강사들과 대립되는 것이었다. '55년 토마스 말도나도가 학장직을 대행하면서부터, 과학과목들의 도입과 더불어 바우하우스 계승의 길이 새롭게 모색되기 시작하였다. 그러나 디자인의 과학화 과정에서 과학기술을 맹신적으로 따르는 기술교조주의라는 문제에 즉면 하게 되고, 디자인에서의 과학기술을 사회적으로 재정립하기 위한 방향이 모색된다. 이로부터 인본주의적 인공환경의 건설을 지향하는 사회적 디자인, 즉“환경디자인 Umweltgestaltung”개념이 개발되고, 이의 과학적 방법론이 연구되었다. 결국,“환경디자인”은 울름 조형대학이 궁극적으로 추구한 불변의 이상향이 되었고, 이의 실천을 위한 기본 방법은“유닛시스템디자인Unit System Design(Baukasten-Systemdesign)”이었다. 이와 같이 울름 조형대학은 바우하우스의 계승이라는 대 명제 하에 인본 적으로 객관화된 과학적 디자인 개발에 일관된 노력을 기울였다. 그러나 여기에서 나타난 - 후기산업사회의 인간 중심적 발전을 목적으로 새로이 정립된 - 인본주의라는“정치성”으로 인하여, 결국 '68년 9월 30일 그 문을 닫게 되었다.