• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.6 s.71
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• pp.981-989
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• 1998

Positions, angulation and mesiodistal dimension of lower incisors are important in esthetics, occlusion and post-treatment stability of tower arch. When lower incisor is congenitally missing, problems such as increased overjet and overbite, closing in of adjacent teeth and size/space discrepancies may occur. When creating treatment plans, incisor position and angulation, lip support, anteroposterior skeletal relationship canine-molar relationship, overjet overbite, remaining growth potential, crowding and anterior tooth ratio have to be considered. For an accurate analysis of incisal size discrepancy, diagnostic model set-up may be helpful. The two patients in this presentation both had two lower incisor missing, but the degree of crowding, skeletal relationship, lip support, molar relationship are different and therefore treatment plan was different as well. Long term follow-up may be necessary for stability and retention.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.463-476
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• 2010

Inadequate or unstable posterior support cause extrusion of antagonistic teeth and overloading of remaining teeth. Extrusion of antagonistic teeth result in collapsed occlusal plane and decreased prosthetic space. Also, overloading of remaining teeth increase occlusal wear or anterior extrusion of anterior teeth, which is resulting in loss of anterior guidance, disharmony of occlusion and decreased prosthetic space. In this case, careful evaluation of OVD(occlusal vertical dimension) is the general first trial to regain appropriate function and esthetics. Simultaneously, adequate anterior guidance and harmonious occlusal plane should be established in the repeatable reference position of the mandible. We report this case because severely worn dentition achieved functional and esthetic results from full mouth rehabilitation with increased vertical dimension and use of centric relation.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.5 s.58
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• pp.637-645
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• 1996

In non-growing Class III malocclusion, the critical aspects which determine the need of orthognatic surgery are the severity of skeletal discrepancy, incisor inclination, overbile and soft tissue profile. Two-jaw surgery is more effective in correcting severe sagittal, vertical, transverse skeletal discrepancies and facial asymmetry. And more esthetic and stable profile can be achieved by two-jaw surgery Some midfacial deficiency Patients can be treated by Pyramidal Le Fort II osteotomy to maintain infraorbital rim and malar complex and to advance nasomaxillary complex. Others who require advancement of infraorbital rim and malar complex can be treated by quadrangular Le Fort II osteotomy. On the following cases, patients who had represented midfacial deficiency and mandibular prognathism were treated with combined orthodontic-surgical therapy by Le Fort II osteotomy and BSSRO.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.30 no.4 s.81
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• pp.491-507
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate if there were a significant differences in mandibular position between cephalometric measurements from a centric occlusion tracing compared to those of a acquired centric relation by stabilization splint on malocclusion patient with TMD. 60 malocclusion patients, who had TMD and CO-CR discrepancy beyond normal range, were selected and subdivided into Class I, II, III by Angle's classification and also subdivided into clockwise, straight downward, and counterclockwise group by Jarabak's posterior facial height/anterior facial height ratio. Lateral cephaolmetric radiographs with the mandible in centric occlusion were taken and measured, and for each Patient the stabilization splint with mutually protected occlusal scheme was applied for minimum 3months. After each patient's CO-CR discrepancy was in normal range, lateral cephalometric radiographs were retaken and measured. The comparison of the difference between CO-CR cephalometric measurements in all sample, Class I, II, III groups, and Clockwise, Straight downward, Counterclockwise groups were studied. The finding of this study can be summarized as follows: 1 In all sample, the value of cephalometric measurements was significantly different between CO-CR. The mandible rotated to down and posterior position and the vertical change was greater than the horizontal change (overjet-1.3mm increase, overbite-1.9mm decrease). 2. In Class II malocclusion group, most of the mean difference value between CO-CR is higher than that of the other groups and more measurements was statically significant. 3. In clockwise and counterclockwise group, some of the mean difference value is higher than that of straight downward group and more measurements was statically significant. 4. There ware no measurements that explain centric relation measurements from the type of malocclusion, facial pattern and centric occlusion measurements. Henceforth, it is strongly recommended that stabilization splint therapy for orthodontic treatment on TMD patient should be excuted upon overall facial types prior to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.425-432
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• 1995

The purposee of this study is to investigate the correlation between the horizontal and vertical discrepancy of facial bones and the horizontal and vertical position of glenoid fossa. For this study, the cephalograms were taken to the adults over 18 of age(96 men and 108women). The cephalograms were divided into three groups according to the ANB angle(below 0.5 degree, 0.5 to 4.0 degree and above 38 degree), and they were divided into three groups according to the SN-MP angle(below 30 degree, 30 to 38 degree and above 38 degree). The following conclusions were obtained : 1. In the horizontal discrepancy of facial bone(ANB), the horiontal position of glenoid fossa(X) was anterior position as the order of Class II, Class I, Cias III. 2. The horizontal position of glenoid fossa(X) showed the significant correlation with ANB and SNB, but not with SNA. 3. In the vertical discrepancy of facial bone(SN-MP), thee less anglee was the greater vertical position of glenoid fossa (X) and was followed by the medium and high angle in order. 4. The vertical position of glenoid fossa(Y) showed thhat the SN-FH was the most significant correlation, and it was followed as the order of SN-FH, SN-MP and SN-OP angle. 5. There was the samllest length of anterior cranial base in the Class III malocclusion.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.401-413
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• 1996

Facial vertical dyscrepancies is decided on the relationship between the anterior vertical facial height and posterior vertical facial height. Thus this study was conducted to determine the factors that affect the FHI, and classify the Class II div.1, malocclusion, which success is dependent on the vertical control according to the FHI, which is the ratio of antero-inferior facial height, posterio-inferior facial height ratio, and to use this as a guideline for treatment. Angle between palatal plane and Mandibular plane were in the order of RH, ID. Thus showing that interrelated angle was more inportant than the independent angle of both, palatal plane and Mandibular plane. The tendency of Cl II div.1. Malocclusion according to FHI, showed the Low group to have Mx. protrusion, prominent development of Mn. ramus, and the Mn. body length and ant. post. position was normal. The Normo group showed slight protrusion of the Maxilla,. The development of the ramus was less than normal and the Mn. was in a slight retruded position. The High group showed the Mx. in a normal position, the development of the Mn. ramus and body was the lowest, and the Mn. was in a posterior position. In observation of the factors affecting the FHI between each groups of Cl II div.l, malocclusion; In the Low group the MP- PP angle was very small, the ID was smililar to the normal group, but the RH was very large thus the FHI was increased. In the Normo group, the PP-MP angle was normal, ID was slightly smaller than the normal group and the RH was slightly smaller than the normal group, thus maintaining a normal FHI ratio. In the High group the PP-MP angle was very large, the ID was similar to the normal group, but the RH was smaller than the normal group thus the FHI was small.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2019

Generalized severely worn dentition causes occlusal disharmony, esthetic problems, and temporomandibular joint disorders. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to make a precise analysis of vertical dimension and treatment plans considering it. This case report demonstrates the complete mouth rehabilitation of a 58-year-old male patient with a lot of worn teeth by increasing vertical dimension. Provisional restorations were cemented and after 4 months of evaluation for patient's compliance, permanent prostheses were fabricated. With these treatments, functionally and esthetically satisfactory results were obtained.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.339-349
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• 2014

If the maxillomandibular relationship is unstable or requires treatment for improved function and esthetics, the first treatment objective is to provide stable occlusal contacts. The patient has moderate mental retardation. Due to inadequate vertical overjet, horizontal arch malrelation and excessive tooth loss, full mouth rehabilitation was required. The purpose of treatment planning is to establish physiologic maxillomandibular relation. Using cephalometrics for occlusal analysis is an aid to make a decision. The amount of horizontal bone reduction was calculated with evaluating soft tissue profile. After provisional denture placement, healing of the surgical site and newly adapted arch relationship was evaluated. The patient satisfied with esthetics and showed stable holding contacts. Periodic examination is needed to exclude occlusal disharmony.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.280-290
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• 2012

This study was performed to establish the lateral cephalometric standards of Korean children for diagnosis of antero-posterior and vertical discrepancies of maxillofacial region. The lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken from 100 Korean children with normal occlusion, and then 15 measurements were statistically analysed. The results of this study were as follows : 1. Maxillary length of males was significantly greater than that of females (p < 0.05). There was strong correlation between maxillary and mandibular length (r = 0.625(M), 0.574(F)). 2. Lower facial height of males was significantly greater than that of females (p < 0.05). Furthermore, there was strong correlation between total facial height and upper facial height (r = 0.405(M), 0.417(F)) and very strong correlation between total facial height and lower facial height (r = 0.763(M), 0.787(F)). 3. All measurements for dento-alveolar relation showed no statistically significant sex difference. Maxillary length showed strong correlation with mandibular plane - lower incisor (r = 0.474(M), 0.426(F)) and mandibular plane - lower molar (r = 0.488(M), 0.499(F)).

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.33 no.4 s.99
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• pp.223-233
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• 2003

The Purpose of this study was to Investigate the relationship between the space discrepancy of the mandibular dentition and craiofacial morphology in adults with good Angle class I occlusion. Dental casts of normal group, crowded group and spaced group were selected on the basis of dental crowding and spacing. Subjects with excessive space to accomodate the lower teeth were classified as spaced group(39). Subjects with a space discrepancy of more than 4mm were classified as crowded group(45). Normal subjects had little or no dental crowding and spacing(40). Various skeletodental measurements in lateral cephalograms were evaluated and compared by ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis. The results were as follows; 1. ANB angle was larger in crowded group than in spaced group. 2. Maxilla and mandible in crowded group were inclined more downward and forward than in spaced group, so crowded group was found to have vortical tendency. 3. Anterior cranial base length and mandibular body length were longer in spaced group than in crowded group. 4. According to the multiple stepwise regression analysis with space discrepancy as dependent variable, 40% of variance of space discrepancy could be explained by ANB angle, anterior facial height and ramus height. Multiple regression equation was as follows Space discrepancy=46.51-2.51ANB-0.58AFH+0.65RH