• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.47-51
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose the cleaning process system to remove micro-particles, various impurities, unnecessary residues, etc. for liquid crystal display manufacturing processes. This system is structured with cleaning, rinse and drying process using the chemical cleaning of alkaline water and the physical cleaning of SHS(supper heating steam). And we shows cleaning effects of alkaline water and remove effects of SHS.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.236-236
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• 2004

삼중수소수 오염처리의 선행공정으로 적합한 전기분해-촉매교환 결합공정(CECE process)은 수소동위원소 산화물의 수소화 전환을 위한 전해셀과 다단 액상촉매 교환탑으로 이루어진 탈삼중수소 공정이다(그림 1). 촉매탑은 수소 흐름에 수증기를 동반하도록 하는 친수층과 수증기-수소간의 수소동위원소 교환반응을 유도하는 촉매층으로 구분되며, 탑 상부에는 수소의 산화 반응기 그리고 하부에는 물의 수소화 전해셀로 구성되어 있다(그림 2).(중략)

• Membrane Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

Hydrogen energy id the 2nd clean energy able to be produced from the abundant resources, and the products of combustion or reaction do not spread an environmental pollution. Also, the hydrogen is the chemical media easily to transport and storage as energy source. The hydrogen production technology using by water splitting through electrolysis could be usable as a permanent renewable energy system without the environmental impact. The key technology of high temperature steam electrolysis is the development of an electrolyte rapidly to conduct an oxygen or proton ion decomposed from water. Subsequently, the important technology is to keep the joining technology of an electrolyte membrane and electrode materials to affect into the current efficiency.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.367-376
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• 2002

Electrical conduction in $SrZr_{1-x}Y_xO_{3-\delta}$((x=0.05, 0.10)-metal electrode system was investigated by impedance spectroscopy and two-probe d.c. conductivity measurement. Electrode conductivity in anodic direction varies with $P_W^{1/2}$( and that in cathodic direction with $P_{O2}^{1/4}$ in oxidizing atmosphere. In hydrogen atmosphere, the addition of water vapor increased the electrode conductivity both in anodic and cathodic direction. Increasing dopant concentration from 5 to 10% showed a more than four times increase in anodic conduction as well as bulk conduction of the solid electrolyte. This observation implies that unfilled oxygen vacancy concentration increases rapidly as the dopant content increases in humid atmosphere. The activation energy of cathodic conduction in Pt and Ag electrode was nearly same below $800^{\circ}C$ which means the rate of cathodic reaction is determined by the reaction in the electrolyte surface rather than on the metal electrodes.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.62-68
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• 2006

High temperature electrolysis is a promising technology to produce massively hydrogen using renewable and nuclear energy. Solid oxide fuel cell materials are candidates as the components of steam electrolysers. However, the polarization characteristics of the typical electrode materials during the electrolysis have not been intensively investigated. In this study, NiO electrode was deposited on YSZ electrolyte by spin coat process and firing at $1300^{\circ}C$. Pt electrode was applied on the other side of the electrolyte to compare the polarization characteristics with those by NiO during electrolysis. The $H_2$ evolution rate was also monitored by measuring the electromotive force of Lambda probe and calculated by thermodynamic consideration. At low current density, Pt showed lower cathodic polarization and thus higher current efficiency than Ni, but the oxidation of Ni into NiO caused the increase of anodic resistance with increasing current density. High overpotential induced high power consumption to produce hydrogen by electrolysis.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.432-438
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• 2009

In this paper, we synthesized LSG powder by Modified-GNP method. Lanthanum, strontium and gallium (LSG) were selected in the preparation of an oxygen-electrode (anode) for High Temperature Steam Electrolysis system (HTSE). The used amount and concentration of nitric acid were varied to find out an appropriate composition for oxygen-electrode (anode). In order to optimize the molar ratio of La and Sr, ratio of La to Sr was varied that 2:8, 5:5 and 8:2. The combined LSGs were calcined for 2 hours at $700^{\circ}C$ and were sintered in a furnace for 4 hours at $1200^{\circ}C$. The phase and crystallinity of LSG powder were determined by XRD. The surface morphology was observed through SEM photograph, and the specific surface area was investigated with BET. The thermochemical property was determined by TG/DTA. The synthesized preparation was obtained of $La_{0.8}Sr_{0.2}GaO_{3}$ formula for 3M nitric acid, which was the best perovskite phase.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 2007

LSM powder material for an oxygen-electrode(anode) of High Temperature Steam Electrolysis (RISE) was synthesized by a Modified-Glycine nitrate process(GNP). Amount of nitric acid and its concentration was varied to find out an appropriate composition for the oxygen-electrode(anode). In order to optimize the amount of Glycine used as an oxidant of self-combustion process, the ratio of Glycine to Anion was varied. $La_{0.8}Sr_{0.2}MnO_3$, $La_{0.5}Sr_{0.5}MnO_3$, and $La_{0.2}Sr_{0.8}MnO_3$ were synthesized in this study. Those LSM were dried for overnight to remove moisture from the material at $110^{\circ}C$ and were calcined 2 hours at $650^{\circ}C$ and were sintered in a furnace for 5 hours at $1400^{\circ}C$. Their structures, surface morphologies, surface areas, and weight changes were investigated with XRD, SEM, BET, and TG/DTA. The best perovskite phase for the oxygen-electrode of HTSE was obtained with $La_{0.8}Sr_{0.2}MnO_3$ formula in which 100 ml of 3M nitric acid was used in the preparation of its formula. The optimized ratio of Glycine to Anion was 2.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.349-354
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• 2005

YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia) determined with an electrolyte that analyzed thermal stability along sintering condition and an electric characteristic. As sintering temperature increases by SEM, grain grows and it showed that pore decreases relatively. and confirmed effect by grain size. It evaluated that particle internal resistance and electric performance by resistance in an electrolyte and electricity conductivity measurement through ac impedance measurement in temperature of $800\~1000^{\circ}C$ in 2-probe method In order to recognize an electric characteristic. In dry process and wet process, density was each 6.13, 6.25 $g/cm^3$ and the relative density was each 98, 99$\%$ when sintering condition is $1400^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.97-97
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• 2015

전 세계적으로 화석연료의 고갈 및 환경오염 문제를 해결하기 위해 신재생에너지에 대한 관심이 급증하고 있다. 이러한 신재생에너지에는 수소 에너지, 자연 에너지(태양열, 지열 등), 바이오 매스 에너지 등이 포함된다. 이 중 수소 에너지는 지구상에 풍부하게 존재하고 있는 물과 탄화수소로부터 얻어지며, 연소 시에도 다시 물을 형성하여 오염 물질을 배출하지 않는 차세대 무공해 에너지원으로써 주목을 받고 있다. 수소 제조를 위한 공정에는 수증기 개질 공정(steam reforming), 부분 산화(partial oxidation) 및 자열개질(autothermal reforming) 등이 있으며 실제로 생산되는 대부분의 수소는 탄소/수소비(1:4)가 높은 메탄($CH_4$) 가스를 이용한 메탄 수증기 개질 공정(steam methane reforming)을 통하여 제조된다. 이 때 수소 제조의 고효율화 및 저비용화를 위해서는 반응물에 대한 높은 선택도, 고활성도 및 높은 안정성을 갖는 촉매가 반드시 필요하며, 대표적으로 Ni, Pt, Ru 등이 보고되고 있다. 이러한 촉매들은 대부분 세라믹 pellet 형태로 제작되어 왔으나 열전도도가 낮고 물리적 충격에 취약하다는 단점이 존재한다. 따라서 우리는 이러한 단점을 극복하고, 촉매의 활성을 높이기 위하여 다공성 금속 합금 폼을 촉매 지지체로 도입하였다. 또한, 다공성 금속 합금 폼 표면에 촉매의 분산 및 안정성을 향상시키기 위해 지지체와 촉매 사이에 원자층 증착법을 이용하여 inter-layer를 도입하였다. 이들의 구조, 형태, 및 표면의 화학적 상태는 주사전자현미경, EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy)가 탑재된 주사전자현미경, X-선 회절, 및 X-선 광전자 분광법을 이용하여 규명하였다. 더하여 정전압-전류 측정법 및 유도 결합 플라즈마 분광 분석기을 이용하여 전기 화학 반응을 유도하고, 반응 후 전해질의 성분분석을 통해 촉매와 지지체 간의 안정성을 평가하였다. 따라서 본 결과들은 한국진공학회 하계정기학술대회를 통해 좀 더 자세히 논의될 것이다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.627-631
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• 2005

The $(La_{0.8}Sr_{0.2})_{0.95}MnO_3$/yttria-stabilized zirconia (LSM/YSZ) composites were investigated as anode materials for high temperature steam electrolysis using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, galvanodynamic and galvanostatic polarization method. For this purpose, the LSMperovskites were fabricated in powders by co-precipitation method and then were mixed with 8 mol% YSZ powders in different molar ratios. The LSM/YSZ composites were deposited on 8 mol% YSZ electrolyte disks by means of a screen printing method, followed by sintering at temperatures above $1,100^{\circ}C$. From the experimental results, it is concluded that the electrochemical properties of LSM and the LSM/YSZ composites are closely related to their microstructure and operating temperatures.