• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.271-291
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• 2002

According to a system-wide analysis utilizing the raw data of Korean urban households survey, the expenditure elasticity estimate of alcoholic demand is around 0.71, which implies the demand for alcoholic consumption is relatively necessary The own price elasticity estimates are pretty elastic between -1.79 and 2.10. The trend of price elasticity estimates shows to be more elastic recently from the past.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.59-89
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• 1997

세계화 추세의 가속, 급속한 기술진보 및 정보화의 확산 등은 국제간의 분업구조 뿐만 아니라 국내의 산업구조 및 취업구조를 급격히 변화시키고 있다. 국내 취업구조의 변화는 산업간 직업간 취업비중을 모두 변화시키고 있어 고용의 양적 측면은 물론이고 질적 측면에서도 큰 변화가 예상된다. 그러므로 중장기적인 노동력수요 예측은 향후 인력양성의 방향과 체계를 결정하는 데 중요한 지표가 될 뿐만 아니라 노동시장 정책에 있어서도 반드시 필요한 자료가 되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 향후 노동력에 대한 중장기 수요를 일반균형적인 접근을 통하여 산업별 직업별로 예측하고 이 예측결과에 따른 향후 노동시장 및 인력정책의 방향을 제시하는 데 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 연구들이 사용한 방법의 이론적 약점을 보완하면서 실증 결과의 예측성을 높일 수 있는 개선된 방법을 사용하였다. 산업별 취업자를 전망하는데 있어 기존 연구결과들은 주로 노동시장의 단일방정식만을 추정함으로써 생산요소의 수요가 비탄력적이지 않음에도 불구하고 생산요소간의 대체가능성을 무시하고 있으며, 인력수요에 중요한 결정 요인인 기술변화를 고려하지 못하고 있거나, 취업계수의 변화를 통해 기술진보의 효과를 고려한다고 하여도 기술진보가 생산요소간에 비중립적(factor non-neutral technology changes)으로 일어날 경우 요소간 대체가능성을 간과하고있다. 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위해 본 연구에서는 산업별 취업자 전망에서 노동시장의 단일방정식 추정이 아닌 일반균형에 입각한 경제 모형을 사용하였다. 또한 직종별 취업자 전망을 위해서는 일반적으로 이용되는 필요 인력량에 대한 고정계수(fixed coefficient manpower requirement)를 추정할 때 이중비례행렬모형(二重比例行列模型)을 이용하여, 산업구조의 변화로 인한 직업별 인력수요 변화가 충분히 고려되도록 하였다. 전망의 결과에 따르면 향후 우리 경제는 지식기반경제(knowledge-based economy)로 이행하고 있다고 볼 수 있다. 우선 산업구조면에서 지식집약적산업으로의 구조조정이 일어나게 되고 이에 따라 산업별 취업구조에서도 고기술산업의 취업준비중이 급속히 증가하게 된다. 직업별 취업분포에 있어서도 전문기술직 행정관리직 등의 고숙련 사무직의 비중은 크게 증가하는 반면 생산관련직과 농림어업직의 비중은 감소하게 된다. 이처럼 경제가 지식집약화되어 감에 따라 고학력자에 대한 수요는 지속적으로 증가하지만 현재 적절한 인력양성과 공급이 이루어지지 않고 있어 향후 기술이나 기능에 따른 수급부일정(需給不一政)(skill mismatch)현상이 매우 심해질 것으로 보인다. 따라서 앞으로의 인력정책에서 가장 주안점을 두어야 할 부분은 첨단기술산업과 관련된 인력의 양성에 있다고 하겠다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.9-19
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• 2008

Recently the systematic change in the fire and disaster prevention administration, which was less studied than other administrative systems, has been in progress. In particular, the fire service demands are increasing and forms are diversified. The first thing you must do is to make up the fire service power according to the fire service demands. Such an allocation results in social welfare satisfaction. The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of fire service force. And this study investigates that fire service demand is affected by socioeconomic factor. To do this, this study reviews fire service force, the fire service demand, socioeconomic factor and financial factor. And this study sets up four hypotheses based on the theoretical backgrounds and the past research. The statistical method used for the verification of hypotheses are multiple regression analysis and structural equitation analysis. The analysis showed that fire service demand and financial factor were positive significant variable for fire service power. But socioeconomic factor was a negative significant variable. Also the analysis showed that social factor was a positive significant variable and economic factor was a negative significant variable for fire service demand.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.3 s.89
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• pp.157-165
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• 2006

The Purpose of this study is to analyze telecommunications impacts on travel in a comprehensive system, considering demand, supply, costs, and land use. This study first Presents a conceptual model, considering causal relationships among travel, telecommunications, land use, economic activity, and socio-demographics. Then, based on the conceptual model, the aggregate causal relationships between telecommunications (local telephone calls, toll calls, and mobile phone subscribers) and travel (vehicle-miles traveled and number of transit Passengers) are explored in a comprehensive framework, using structural equation modeling of national time series data spanning 1950-2000 in the U.S. The model results suggest that as telecommunications demand increases, travel demand increases, and vice versa. Additionally. transportation infrastructure and land use significantly affect travel demand.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.43-65
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• 2014

In this paper, we test for allocative efficiency of productive inputs including electricity and measure the divergence between the actual and optimal level of electricity for the chemical products, which is a relatively highly electricity-intensive sector in Korean manufacturing industries, by estimating a shadow cost function. Supposing cost minimization subject to market prices was achieved, we derive the price elasticities of demand for each input and simulate the impact of a 10% increase in power rate on its demand and supply price by estimating jointly a cost function with an inverse supply relation. The null hypothesis of allocative efficiency of inputs is rejected over the period 1982-2006. On average, electricity is used more than optimal level by 98% per year. The demand for electricity decreases by 11.4%, and supply price, on average, falls by 0.08%, other things being equal.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2002

The main purposes of this article are to introduce the theoretical backgrounds and empirical application methods of two different Models for the function of expenditure, and to compare the goodness-o(-fit of the two models: a single-equation model and a complete-system-of-demand-equation model. For the empirical analysis of the single-equation model, a linear formula and a double-leg formula were employed. In order to test the complete-system-of-demand-equation model empirically, the \"Linear Approximation/Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS)" was used. The independent variables were the total living expense and expenditure categories Price index. The data used in this study were obtained from the quarterly statistics of "The Annual Report on the Urban Family Income and Expenditure Survey (Dosigagyeyonbo)" and "The Annual Report on the Consumer Price Index (Sobijamulgajaryo)," for the years 1994 to 1997. The goodness-of-fit (R-square) was higher with the complete-system-of-demand-equation model than with the single-equation model for the budget share on food (excluding eating-out expenses) and for the share on cultural and recreational activities. However, there was no difference between the two models in terms of the proportion of the expenditure on automobile fuel.fuel.

• Journal of KIISE:Information Networking
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.220-235
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• 2005

Internet Service Quality has been constantly the center of attention to Internet Service Providers. The KII project plan (Korea Information Infrastructure) aims to build broadband backbone networks mainly through optical fiber cables and ATM switches and to Provide the government ministries, local authorities and non-profit organizations with high-speed, highly capable broadband access to these networks at reasonable rates. The KB service model, however, is different from other Internet Service models much in the same way SP (Service Provider) and NP (Network Provider) differ from each other. In this paper, we evaluate KII service according to various customer satisfaction indicators under the methodologies and categories as put forth in both the ACSI (American Customer Satisfaction Index) and SEM (Structural Equation Model). We use a structural equation model (SEM) to demarcate the Korea Information Infrastructure Customer Satisfaction Index (KIICSI) in relation to network service quality. The results of our study suggest some strategies for the KII Project need to be modified and effectively implemented in order to increase the satisfaction level of the KII customers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.29-40
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• 2009

Pneumatic system is widely applied to ground facility and launcher on-board system. One of the important aspects of pneumatic system is to meet pressure and flow rate requirements of gas consumers. In this paper, a systematic analytical approach for pneumatic system is proposed, which uses and systematically combines previous studies. The proposed analytical method is that pressure/flow calculation using conservation equations are combined with sonic limit check at vena contracta of the components of pneumatic system, which checks the installed components whether they are merely pressure loss elements or flow limiting element of the system. In this paper, gas consumers are categorized and simulated using the proposed method. The results reveal that the feeding performance of general pneumatic system can be properly estimated using the proposed approach.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.1D
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• pp.25-32
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to propose a new strategy, called "freeway travel reservation strategy", to mitigate freeway traffic congestion by using advanced traffic technologies and traffic demand management policies, and to analyze its acceptability. Motorist surveys were carried out to accomplish the acceptability analysis. As a result, 73% of respondents agreed with the proposed strategy, and an increase in the inconvenience for using freeway during the major Korean Holidays, in the age, in the number of family members, and in household income resulted in higher acceptability. Additionally, married or female respondents tended to have higher acceptability. Such results can be practical for developing policies to successfully operate the proposed strategy in the future.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.339-362
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• 2018

In this paper, we simulate the contribution of an increasing renewable energy to demands for fossil fuels and power supply price by estimating a cost function for the Korean electric power generation sector. Since the renewable energy is a composite input, it is not feasible to compute the price index for renewable energy due to data limit. We estimate a restricted cost function, which is derived by minimizing the costs of fossil fuels conditional on the quantity of renewable energy set to its optimal level, jointly with supply relation. In particular, derivation of the shadow price of renewable energy would make it possible to analyze potential costs incurred by power plants.