• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 수소분위기 내 사염화타이타늄의 마그네슘 열환원을 이용한 수소화타이타늄 분말 합성 과정 중 온도 및 소결 조건에 따른 분말 특성 변화를 조사하였다. 수소화타이타늄 생성에 미치는 온도의 영향을 검토하기 위해 1023~1123 K의 1 atm 수소분위기에서 약 30 분간 사염화타이타늄과 마그네슘을 반응시켰다. 환원반응 후 생성된 수소화타이타늄 분말의 소결이 진행되도록 0~120 분간 환원반응 온도를 유지시켰으며, 반응 종료 후 회수된 생성물의 산소농도를 분석하였다. 실험결과, 1023 K에서는 TiH_1.924 이 생성되었으나, 1073K 및 1123 K에서는 TiH_1.924와 TiH_1.5의 혼합물이 생성되었다. 또한, 반응온도가 높을수록 생성된 수소화타이타늄 분말의 수소농도는 감소하였다. 반응온도 및 소결시간이 증가할수록 분말의 산소농도는 감소하였으며, 이는 분말의 비표면적 감소에 기인하였다. 반응온도 1073 K 및 소결시간 120 분 실험조건에서 최저 산소농도 0.246 mass%인 TiH_1.924와 TiH_1.5의 혼합물이 제조되었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2010

Hydrogen energy applications have recognized clean materials and high energy carrier. Accordingly, Hydrogen energy applies for fuel cell by Mg and Mg-based materials. Mg and Mg-based materials are lightweight and low cost materials with high hydrogen storage capacity. However, commercial applications of the Mg hydride are currently hinder by its high absorption/desorption temperature, and very slow reaction kinetics. Therefore one of the most methods to improve kinetics focused on addition transition metal oxide. Addition to transition metal oxide in $MgH_x$ powder produce $MgH_x$-metal oxide composition by mechanical alloy and it analyze XRD, EDS, TG/DSC, SEM, and PCT. This report considers kinetics by transition metal oxide rate and Hydrogen pressure. In this research, we can see behavior of hydriding/dehydriding profiles by addition catalyst (transition metal oxide). Results of PCI make a excellent showing $MgH_x$-5wt.% Sc2O3 at 623K, $MgH_x$-10wt.% $Sc_2O_3$ at 573K.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2010

Hydriding combustion synthesis (HCS) can produce full hydrides of alloys and in a short time. The conventional process based on ingot metallurgy cannot produce Mg-based alloy easily with the desired composition and the cast product needs a ling activation process for the practical use of hydrogen storage. In this study, the hydriding properties of Mg-xNi (x=5, 13.5, 54.7wt.%) alloys prepared by hydriding combustion synthesis were evaluated. The hydrogen storage capacity and kinetics of HCS Mg-xNi alloys were strongly dependent on the content of Ni. The HCS Mg-13.5wt.%Ni alloy shows the hydriding behavior to reach the maximum capacity within 30 min. and the reversible $H_2$ storage of 5.3wt.% at 623 K.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2006

[ $Mg_2Ni$ ] 합금 및 $Mg_2Ni$와 카본 혼합물 입자의 수소저장 특성에 대한 기계적 분쇄(MG, Mechanical Grinding) 처리 효과를 고온 가스상의 PCT 측정 및 전기화학적인 마이크로 전극 측정법 등에 의해 검토되었다. PCT 측정은 약 $300[^{\circ}C]$의 고온에서 실시되었으며 전기화학적인 실험은 카본-섬유로 구성된 마이크로 전극을 1M KOH 수용액 속에서 조정자를 사용하여 MG 처리한 합금 단일입자에 접촉시켰다. 그 결과 $Mg_2Ni$ 합금과 카본 혼합물 입자의 경우 가스상에서 수소 해리압이 감소하고 상온에서 전기화학적인 수소화 특성이 크게 개선되었다. 이것은 기계적 분쇄(MG) 작용에 의한 합금의 미세화 및 나노화에 기인한다고 판단된다. 즉 고온 가스상의 PCT 측정 결과 수소 해리압이 MG 처리에 의해 0.55[MPa]에서 0.42[MPa]로 감소하였으며 동일 샘플 입자에 대해 마이크로 전극에 의한 평가에서도 수소화 피크가 보다 분명하게 관찰되었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.250-256
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• 2004

Magnesium and its alloys have the high potential as hydrogen storage materials because of their highest hydrogen storage capacity, low density and abundant resources. But poor kinetic properties of hydriding and dehydriding and high working temperature have limited their practical applications. In this study, the Mg-Ni binary alloys with different amount of Ni were produced by gravity casting and characterized in order to investigate the relationship between the microstructures and hydriding properties. The maximum hydrogen absorption capacity decreased, but the absorption kinetics increased with Ni content. The difference in the absorption kinetics was resulted from the differences in the sort and shape of primary solid phases and eutectic microstructure.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.908-912
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• 2012

바이오매스를 이용하여 수소 생산을 목적으로 가스화 반응기를 이용하여 라왕 톱밥의 수증기 개질을 이용한 가스화 연구를 수행하였다. 1 m의 높이와 10.2 cm의 내경을 갖는 고정층 반응기에서 촉매와 온도에 따른 가스화반응에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 가스화반응 중에 수증기개질효과를 위하여 일정량의 스팀을 주입하였다. 톱밥과 탄산칼륨($K_2CO_3$), 탄산나트륨($Na_2CO_3$), 탄산칼슘($CaCO_3$), 탄산나트륨+탄산칼륨, 탄산마그네슘+탄산칼슘 촉매를 8:2의 일정한 비율로 혼합한 후 고정층 가스화 반응기에 주입하여 $400{\sim}700^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 가스화반응에 따른 생성되는 기체의 조성을 기체 크로마토그래피를 이용하여 분석하였다. 촉매를 사용하였을 때 비촉매의 경우보다 수소, 메탄, 일산화탄소의 생성분율이 높게 나타났다. 온도의 증가에 따라 생성되는 수소, 메탄, 일산화탄소의 생성분율이 증가하였으며, $Na_2CO_3$ 촉매에서 가장 높은 수소수율을 나타났다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.553-557
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• 2020

It is possible that hydrogen could replace coal and petroleum as the predominant energy source in the near future, but several challenges including cost, efficiency, and stability. Mg and Mg alloys are attractive hydrogen storage materials because of their lightweight and high absorption capacity. Their range of applications could be further extended if their hydrogenation properties could be improved. The main emphasis of this study was to investigate their hydrogenation properties for Synthesis of 10wt.% CaF2 in Mg2NiHx systems. The effect of BCR (66:1) and MA time (96 hours) on the hydrogenation properties of the composite was investigated. also, Mg2NiHx-10wt% CaF2 composites prepared by Mechanical Alloying are used in this work to illustrate the effect of catalysts on activation energy and kinetics of Magnesium hydride.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 1998

The hydrogenation behavior of $Mg_2Ni$ powder prepared by ball milling has been studied. Ball milled $Mg_2Ni$ was transformed to an amorphous-like state after 200hr ballmilling, and crystallized to $Mg_2NiH_x$ by hydrogenation at got. The hydrogen storage capacity gradually increased as a function of ball milling time. $Mg_2Ni$ by 400hr ballmilling shows higher hydrogen storage capacity (3H/M) than $Mg_2Ni$ by VIM(Vacuum Induction Melting).

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.156-162
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• 2021

Mg hydride has a relatively high hydrogen storage amount of 7.6wt%, and inexpensive due to abundant resources, but has high reaction temperature and long reaction time because of treble oxidation reactivity and upper activation energy. Their range of applications could be further extended if their hydrogenation kinetics and degradation behavior could be improved. Therefore, the effect of CaO has improved the hydrogenation kinetics and slowed down the degradation. This study focused on investigating whether to improve the hydrogenation kinetics by synthesizing Mg₂NiH_x-5wt% CaO composites. The Mg₂NiH_x-5wt% CaO composites have been synthesized by hydrogen induced mechanical alloying. The synthesized composites were characterized by performing X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, Thermogravimetric, and Sivert's type automatic pressure-composition-temperature analysis. Hydriding kinetics were performed using an automatic PCT measurement system and evaluated over the temperature range of 423 K, 523 K, and 623 K. As a result of calculating the hydrogen adsorption amount through the hydrogenation kinetics curve, it was calculated as about 0.42wt%, 0.91wt%, and 1.15wt%, the highest at 623 K and the lowest at 423 K.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.780-786
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• 2011

Mg hydride had high hydrogen capacity (7.6%), lightweight and low cost materials and it was promising hydrogen storage material at high temperature. However, commercial applications of the Mg hydride are currently hindered by its high absorption/desorption temperature, and very slow reaction kinetics. one of the approaches to improve the kinetic is $MgH_x$ intermixed with carbon. And it shows that carbon and carbon allotropes have a beneficial effect on hydrogen sorption in Mg. The graphene is a kind of carbon allotropes which is easily desorbed reaction at low temperatures because its reaction is exothermic. In this work, the effect of graphene concentration on the kinetics of Mg hydrogen absorption reaction was investigated. The $MgH_x$-Graphene composites has been prepared by hydrogen induced mechanical alloy (HIMA). The synthesized powder was characterized by XRD and simultaneous TG, DSC analysis. The hydrogenation behaviors were evaluated by using a sievert's type automatic PCT apparatus. In this research, results of kinetic profiles exhibit hydrogen absorption rate of $MgH_x$-5wt.% and 10wt.% graphene composite, as 1.25wt.%/ms, 10.33wt.%/ms against 0.88wt.%/ms for $MgH_x$ alone at 473K.