• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.41-52
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• 2002

Most investment evaluations and economic assessments of road transport proposals in Korea omit a valuation of the time spent in transit for loads of freight. These days there were few attempts to estimate value of freight travel-time savings in Korea, but most of them included rail or marine with statewide area so that couldn't obtain unique travel-time savings for road freight transport. This study applied revealed Preference method and associated binominal logit models to estimate the value of travel-time savings in transit from an statewide survey of road freight transport in 1997. Data sets were segmented according to transport areas and business types. The results of this study showed that the value of freight travel-time savings varied wide ranges from 53,449 won per hour in urban transport to 29,397 won per hour in regional transport, that the use of statewide value of freight travel-time savings can drives wrong results into economic assessment, and that the use of adequate value of freight travel-time savings according to assessment area is very important.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.233-263
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• 2015

This study considers the improvement of R&D promotion program and its investment efficiency for regional industry. We find out some problems of R&D promotion program and suggest plans to improve investment efficiency of R&D through practical analysis of achievement. Since the 2000s, our country has implemented diverse policies for regional industry; R&D for regional industry has become a core part of business from the point of view of regional industry. As ever, these policies are highly supported for the purpose of securing industrial competitiveness by the central government and local governments. This study, through practical analysis of certain region (Jeonbuk), reviews some problems of R&D promotion program and suggests plans to enhance the achievements of a variety of policies, strategies, and projects. We perform practical analysis using three methods for three different aspects: shift-share analysis for each industry type, performance analysis for each investment type and characteristic analysis for each company type. Reviewing the results of practical analysis, we suggest some plans to promote the collaboration of main R&D support organizations and to minimize the doubleness caused sporadically by the central government and local governments. This research will be used effectively in setting up, implementing, and evaluating R&D investments for regional Industry.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.435-435
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• 2018

하천은 다양하게 분류되고 다양한 식물, 동물, 어류 등이 살아가고 있는 서식처이다. 이러한 하천의 환경 상태를 판단하고 진단하기 위해 올바르게 하천을 평가할 방법이 필요하다. 국내에서는 1910년대부터 1940년대 중반까지의 하천사업은 수력발전을 위한 대규모 댐 개발과 평야지대 관개를 위한 저수지 축조 등 이수사업에 치중하였다. 이후 1960년대부터 1970년대에는 도시와 공단의 개발, 교통, 수자원, 상하수도, 전력 등 사회간접자본의 집중적인 개발을 하였다. 여기서 하천에 초점을 맞추면 하천변의 치수를 위한 하천개수 사업, 그리고 도시화에 따른 도시 소하천의 복개를 들 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 도시화와 산업화는 하천의 오염과 함께 하천의 인공화라는 바람직하지 못한 결과를 가져왔다. 대부분의 도시하천은 직선화되고 높은 콘크리트제방과 콘크리트호안공, 무분별한 하천변의 개발 등으로 인한 황폐화되고 더 이상 하천을 이용할 수 없게 되었다. 국내 하천의 건강성을 평가하기 위한 수많은 하천평가방법들이 연구되었다. 대표적으로 '우리나라 중소하천 코리도의 자연성 평가기법 연구'(조용현, 1997), 생태환경복원을 위한 하천자연도평가 기준에 과한 연구(김동찬 박익수, 1999), 수생태계 건강성 조사 및 평가의 서식수변환경 평가(환경부, 2008) 등이 연구되어 왔으며, 몇몇 평가방법들은 많은 프로젝트에 사용되어 국내 하천의 자연성을 보여주고 있다. 많은 평가방법은 각각의 평가방법과 평가기준을 가지고 하천을 평가하고 있다. 하지만 이 많은 평가방법들의 평가기준, 평가결과 가 하천환경의 상태를 파악하고 진단할 수 있는지에 대한 연구가 전무한 상태이다. 우리나라에서 자연도 평가에 대해 연구를 시작한 것은 90년대 이후였다. 지금까지는 많은 연구와 프로젝트가 진행되어 왔지만 다양한 평가방법들에 대한 비교연구가 없었다. 다기능 하천실험사업(한국건설기술연구원, 2007, 2008)에서 LAWA를 이용해 하천의 물리적 평가를 하고 물리적 구조항목간의 상관분석, 저서성 대형 무척추 동물과 하천 물리적 구조의 상관분석, 식물과 하천 물리적 구조의 상관분석을 실시한 적은 있지만 서로 다른 하천의 물리적 평가방법을 가지고 비교연구를 실시한 적은 없다. 때문에 국내 하천의 물리적 평가 중 어떤 방법이 국내 하천의 현황을 잘 판단하고 있는지, 객관적으로 평가하는지, 복원계획을 수립할 때 효과적인 복원방안을 제시하는지 연구할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 국내 하천 자연도 평가 방법을 살펴보고 평가항목의 적합성을 도출하고자 하였으며, 하천 자연도 평가항목의 중요도를 선정하여 하천 실무자들이 간편하게 사용할 수 있는 실용적인 방법을 제시하고자 하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.117-127
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• 2006

Recently International Water Association(IWA) has proposed new performance indicators for water supply services and their successful applications are being reported continually. According to the various reports, the percentage indicators were suggested not to be used for performance comparison, especially where the targeted areas have great difference in consumption per service connection. But unfortunately in Korea the revenue water ratio, one of the percentage indicators is still being used to set up the goal of water-related administration and to compare the performances between systems. Therefore this study aimed to prove the inapplicability of the percentage indicators with nation-wide data and to suggest better performance indicators for more efficient water loss management. According to the result of the comparison of various performance indicators with conventional one, it is roved that percentage indicators ca not evaluate the performance efficiently where the local situations are significantly different. It is suggested that the better performance indicators such as real losses per service connection or ILI should be used to benchmark the performances of water suppliers on water loss management so thai the problems of water losses could be identified easily and recovered effectively.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.196-203
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• 2019

Habitat loss by industrialization, urbanization, and poaching reduced the population of Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetabus ussuricus) population in South Korea in the late 20^th Century. In the early 2000s, the Korean Government had begun a restoration project of Asiatic black bear. In 2017, a bear was found in Mt. Sudosan, Gimcheon, Gyeongsangbuk-do, approximately 80 km from Mt. Jirisan where the bear was first released. Genetic analysis confirmed that this bear was one of the Jirisan bear population, estimating that this bear escaped from its habitat. After trapping this bear in Mt. Sudosan, it was rereleased again in Mt. Jirisan, but this bear moved again to Mt. Sudosan. After 2^nd trapping and releasing, this bear came back to Mt. Sudosan. In Mt. Sudosan, this bear covered a greater distance and moved more as compared to other Asiatic black bear in Mt. Jirisan. Today, this bear has its home range within Mt. Sudosan area after the third release, estimating that this bear is stable and active in this area. Our findings are the first case showing the interesting pattern of repetitive disperse activities and habitat expansion of Asiatic black bear. The results of this case are valuable information that can be used for wildlife conservation and restoration of endangered wildlife.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.168-177
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• 1997

This study was carried out to find the physico-chemical properties of soils and the rice growth at the pilot project rice farm of Buchanan city, Liberia. The results were as follows. Soils were classified as Plinthic Ferralsols. Real tropical soils had an oxic B horizon of 30cm thick with diffused horizon boundaries. The surface soils have Ochric A horizon with low organic matter. Plinthite was distributed throughout the whole soil profile unevenly. Exposed to sun light, Plinthite was dried out, hardened, and developed irreversibly into ironstone. There were 286 termite hills in 20ha in the project area. The pH value of the termite hills was higher than that of the ordinary soil two units. Soils of the termite hills had higher contents of carbon, nitrogen, available phosphate and exchangeable bases, especially calcium(2,000mg/kg). Available Fe contents was 230~330mg/kg in the surface soil, and 2,200mg/kg in the subsoil. This caused bronzing of rice in a few days after transplanting. The tolerance of Fe toxicity was lower in Korean cultivars than in Liberian cultivars. The tolerant cultivar was Hangang among Korean cultivars and Nizersail and Suakoko 8 among Liberian cultivars. Area weighted average percolation rate was 8.3mm/day and infiltration rate was 2~2.5mm/hr.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.149-159
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• 2017

It is considered necessary to renewal a considerable number of water supply facilities in Korea because they began to be intensively buried in the period of rapid economic growth. Accordingly, local water providers are required to take measures against this situation, but they have currently been caught in a vicious circle of the lack of budget spent in renewing water supply facilities because county-based small-scale local water supply cannot afford to cover annual expenditures with their revenues from water rates. Therefore, this study developed an optimal renewal planning model capable of achieving a balance of financial revenue and expenditure in local water supply using nonlinear programming and furthermore of minimizing the total cost incurred during the analysis. To this end, this study selected the water supply area located in County Y as a research area to build the financial revenue and expenditure and used Solver function provided by Microsoft Excel to use nonlinear programming. As a result, this study developed an optimal renewal planning model minimizing incurred costs in consideration of 6 items in the financial revenue and expenditure. The optimal renewal plan was modeled according to the available annual budget. As a result, this study proposed SICD, a scenario to minimize total costs from the perspective of water suppliers, and SITS, a scenario to minimize the increase in water rates from the perspective of consumers. It can be said that the method proposed in this study is the core of the optimal financial and renewal plans as a final stage of asset management for water supply facilities. Therefore, it is considered possible for local water providers to use the method proposed in this study according to circumstances for the asset management of water supply facilities.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.38-52
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• 2024

Digital transformation industry contributes to the improvement of productivity in overall industrial production, the smart green industry for carbon neutrality and sustainable growth is growing as a future industry. The purpose of this paper is to explore the status and role of the industry in the future industry innovation ecosystem through the analysis of the growth drivers and location pattern changes of the smart green industry. The industry is on the rise in both metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas, and the growth of the industry can be seen in non-metropolitan and non-urban areas. In particular, due to the smart green industrial complex pilot project, the creation of Gwangju Jeonnam Innovation City, and the promotion of new and renewable energy policies, the emergence of core aggregation areas (HH type) in the coastal areas of Honam and Chungcheongnam-do, and the formation of isolated centers (HL type) in the Gyeongsang region, new and renewable energy production companies are being accumulated in non-metropolitan areas. Therefore, the smart green industry is expected to promote the formation of various specialized spokes in non-urban areas in the future industrial innovation ecosystem that forms a multipolar hub-spoke network structure, where policy factors are the triggers for growth.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.189-222
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• 2008

This study developed a model to empirically investigate the effects of market orientation and relationship orientation with suppliers on business performance and examine the moderating effects of entrepreneur's characteristics (working tenure) and clinic's location. The data was collected from 200 animal clinics which belong to Korean Animal Hospital Association (KAHA)'s national conference in April, 2007. Descriptive statistic, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis were conducted to analyze the data using SPSS/PC+ 12.0. The findings are as follows. First, the market orientation of animal clinics influences significantly both financial and non-financial performance. When the moderating effect of entrepreneur's working tenure is considered, market orientation has significant effect on animal clinic's financial and non-financial performance. However, when the moderating effect of animal clinic's location is considered, market orientation has not significant effect on animal clinic's financial and non-financial performance. Second, animal clinic's relationship orientation with suppliers mostly affects the financial and non-financial performance significantly. When entrepreneur's working tenure in the clinic is longer (above 4 years group), relationship orientation with suppliers significantly affects both financial and non-financial performance. Meanwhile, when the entrepreneur's working tenure in the clinic is shorter (less than 3 years group), relationship orientation with suppliers doesn't affect clinic's financial performance but affect non-financial performance partially. In other words, when entrepreneur's working tenure is shorter (less than 3 years group), market orientation more influences on clinic's financial and non-financial performance while relationship orientation with suppliers does less. It is thought that their relation with suppliers and relationship orientation activities with suppliers are less strongly established and maintained yet. So, they primarily focus on market orientation strategy when entrepreneur's working tenure is shorter. Third, when animal clinics are located in non-metropolitan area, relationship orientation with suppliers significantly affects financial and non-financial performance. However, when animal clinics are located in metropolitan area, it doesn't affect financial and non-financial performance either. It is thought that animal clinics which are located in non-metropolitan area need stronger relationship with suppliers and need support more from them as most of suppliers actively work in metropolitan area not in the non-metropolitan area and animal clinics in metropolitan area can easily get better market information than animal clinics in non-metropolitan area. Lastly, while the effect of the market orientation significantly influences animal clinic's business performance continuously, the effect of the relationship orientation differently influences business performance as it is moderated by entrepreneur's working tenure and animal clinic's location. So, relationship orientation with suppliers can be selectively applied to improve the clinic's financial and no-financial performance. In summary, both of animal clinic's marketing orientation and animal clinic's relationship orientation with suppliers positively influence their business performance. However, entrepreneur's working tenure and animal clinic location moderate the relationship between market orientation and relationship orientation and their business performance differently. This study is quite meaningful to empirically investigate the effects of both of market orientation and relationship orientation with suppliers on business performance and examine the moderating effects of entrepreneur's characteristics (working tenure) and clinic's location. And, as this kind of study has been very few in the context of animal clinic industry, it helps practically understand the effects of market orientation and relationship orientation with suppliers on the financial and non-financial performance in animal clinic industry. Furthermore, as the market conditions in animal clinic industry have been in difficulty for a few years, this study can help improve animal clinic's financial and non-financial business performance together with their suppliers as business partners. Lastly, this study can help find mid-term and long-term cooperation between animal clinics and their suppliers. This study has some limitations. So, care should be taken when generalizing the results of the study. First, our samples were collected from only the animal clinics industry. However, a comparison of the results presented here with those form other marketing contexts (e.g., general hospitals) would be worthwhile. Future comparative research will enhance the generality of our contingency theory cross industry context. Second, this study found that market orientation and relationship orientation affect business performance. However, there may be other antecedents, such as internal market orientation and relationship orientation with customers. Also, this research did not consider other moderators, such as overall market conditions, competitive situations, and power/conflict between suppliers and buyers in the relationship between market and relationship orientation and business performance.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.57-83
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• 2011

We suggested industry-specific priorities of R&D investment with R&D investment elasticity to GDP calculated from the ripple effect of 28 large-sized industry R&D investment, using a Computable General Equilibrium(CGE) Model. Priority orders apply to only 12 industries, because 16 industries with less than 1% of total investment have been excluded. First, R&D investment elasticity to GDP says that priorities are ordered as Basic metal products, Chemicals, drugs and medicines, Food, beverages and tobacco products, Electronic and electrical equipment, Transportation equipment, Precision instruments, Electrictity, gas, steam and water supply, General machinery and equipment, Communications and broadcasting, Construction, Other services, and Real estate and business services. These priorities show the status quo of Korean industry structures well. The GDP growth rate to 2030 year reference equilibrium, which is an auxiliary index, says a similar priority to results from R&D investment elasticity to GDP. In the end, two criteria of priority order can be functioned as a good index for National Science and Technology Commission deciding what industry to invest and what budget to allocate.