• Proceedings of the Korea Inteligent Information System Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.417-426
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• 2000

정보 시스템 개발은 크게 계획, 분석, 설계, 구축의 네 단계로 이루어진다. 이중 사용자 요구사항을 파악하는 분석 단계는 시스템개발 수명주기에 있어 가장 큰 비중을 갖는다. 또한 수명주기의 초기 단계에서 발견되지 못한 결점은 개발이 진행될수록 수정하는데 많은 비용과 노력을 필요로 하게 되어 분석 결과물의 품질은 전체 시스템 품질에 큰 영향을 미치게 된다. 분석 단계의 주요 작업은 데이터 모델링과 프로세스 모델링이다. 이중 데이터 모델리을 위한 지식베이스 시스템 개발에 대한 노력은 기존 연구에서 수행되어 왔으나 프로세스 모델링을 위한 지식베이스 시스템에 대한 연구는 부족하다. 특히 최근 User Interaction이 많은 시스템이 점점 증가하고 있는 추세에 적합한 프로세스 모델링 방법과 지식베이스에 대한 연구가 필요하다.이 연구에서는 사용자 상호작용이 많은 시스템 환경에서의 프로세스 모델링을 위한 절차를 제안하고, 제안된 절차를 효과적으로 지원하고 결과물의 품질을 보증하기 위한 지식베이스 시스템을 구축한다. 모델은 다음의 주요 작업들로 구성된다: 이벤트 분석, 프로세스 분석, 이벤트/프로세스 상호작용 분석. 이벤트 분석은 영향을 주는 이벤트와 그로 인해 수행되어야 하는 업무 절차(Response)를 파악한다. 프로세스 분석은 이벤트 분석과는 독립적으로 수행되며 상위 수준의 업무부터 최하위 수준의 프로세스까지 도출한다. 이벤트/프로세스 상호작용 분석은 이벤트와 프로세스의 분석 결과를 상호 검증하기 위하여 실시된다. 제안된 프로세스 모델링 방법을 지원하기 위한 지식베이스 시스템을 웹 환경에서 구현하였다. 구현된 지능형 robot과 spider 등으로 구성된, 신뢰성 있고 지능적인 MP3 검색 엔진 지원 시스템의 설계와 구현 결과 그리고 성능 등을 종합적으로 요약한다.실어증 환자들은 화시적 대명사를 조응적 대명사보다 더 잘 처리하는 동일한 결과를 보였다. 이러한 실험 결과들은 실어증 환자들이 뇌손상으로 인해 문법적 언어처리에는 어려움을 보이지만 비언어적인, 세상 지식과 관련된 화시적 대명사의 처리는 가능할 것이라는 가설을 뒷받침 해준다. 또한 이러한 실험 결과를 통해 대명사의 기능적인 측면에서 화시와 조응의 처리가 구분되어 있음을 보여준다.l mechanism is concentrate on only the reaction zone. As strain rate and CO2 quantity increase, NO production is remarkably augmented.our 10%를 대용한 것이 무첨가한 것보다 많이 단단해졌음을 알 수 있었다. 혼합중의 반죽의 조사형 전자현미경 관찰로 amarans flour로 대체한 gluten이 단단해졌음을 알수 있었다. 유화제 stearly 칼슘, 혹은 hemicellulase를 amarans 10% 대체한 밀가루에 첨가하면 확연히 비용적을 증대시킬 수 있다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. quinoa는 명아주과 Chenopodium에 속하고 페루, 볼리비아 등의 고산지에서 재배 되어지는 것을 시료로 사용하였다. quinoa 분말은 중량의 5-20%을 quinoa를 대체하고 더욱이 분말중량에 대하여 0-200ppm의 lipase를 lipid(밀가루의 2-3배)에 대

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2020

For the conservation of both Sericinus montela (vulnerable species by red book of Korea) and A. contorta, we investigated environmental factors affecting the growth and reproduction of Aristolochia contorta. We selected four A. contorta habitats at Gapyeong, Pyeongtaek, Cheongju, and Yeoju in Korea and surveyed community and habitat characteristics of companion species, herbivore appearance, support types, and soil physicochemical properties in July and October, 2018. Habitat environments and the growth and reproduction characteristics of A. contorta were different according to four habitats of different regions. In particular, the fastest growth speed and earliest flowering and fruiting were observed in Pyeongtaek. Growth of A. contorta in Cheongju and Yeoju were interrupted by aboveground damage from human disturbance. In this study, support types seemed to be important for growth speed of A. contorta. Flowering and fruiting timing were likely to be related to combined effects of soil cation contents and competitive and herbivore stresses. Therefore, providing effective support and reducing biological stress should be necessary for stable growth and proper flowering and fruiting timing of A. contorta. In addition, experimental evidence would be needed to figure out the effect of soil cation and biological stress on flowering and fruiting of A. contorta in detail.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1829-1835
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• 2009

Hyperventilation (HV) is routinely induced in order to activate brain waves during an electroencephalogram (EEG). The aim of this study was to examine the effects of HV conditions on EEG and suggested basic data for the standardized procedure. Three degrees of HV were induced for 5 minutes with a ventilation volume of 160 ml/min (control group), 240 ml/min, and 300 ml/min in rats. Powers of delta, theta, alpha, and beta waves were examined by a quantitative EEG. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the powers of all EEG waves between the control and 240 ml/min groups. However, a notable change in EEG powers during HV induced by a ventilation volume of 300 ml/min was observed in the frontal cerebral region as follows: power of the delta was increased by 12.8% (p<0.01), powers of the theta, alpha and beta were decreased by 41.3% (p<0.01), 48.6% (p<0.05), and 41.9% (p<0.05), respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that an increase of about 90% of the normal ventilation volume might be adequate for the hyperventilation, and a useful parameter for evaluation of the qualified hyperventilation might be an alteration of the frontal EEG powers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.448-453
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• 2016

Erosion and abrasion caused by cavitation damage occur in fluid equipment, such as ships or impellers. Similarly, the equipment damage from noise and vibration can shorten its life. This study analyzed the importance of the parameter characteristics of the process optimization of HVOF (High Velocity Oxygen Fuel spraying), which is generally used in a variety of industries for enhancing the resistibility from the cavitation phenomenon. The surface of the ALBC3 substrate was coated with an amorphous powder as a filler metal according to the experimental design using the Taguchi method, and then the characteristics with each parameter were analyzed using a porosity measurement test. The optimal process conditions was a combustion pressure of 80psi, coating distance of 270mm, gun speed of 200mm/s, and powder feed rate of 25g/min as a result of the HVOF coating by applying the experimental design. The combustion pressure, coating distance and powder feed rate were more than 25% and indicated a similar contribution rate, but the contribution rate of the gun speed was 19%, which was slightly less than the others. The contribution rate with each parameter was only slightly significant. On the other hand, all four parameters were found to be important in the contribution rate aspects of the HVOF coating process.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.207-221
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• 2016

As greater numbers of fill dams and reservoirs become old, the risks of damage or embankment collapse increases. However, few studies have considered the deterioration and hazard classification of the internal core layers of fill dams. This study reports the results of geotechnical investigations of 13 earth-cored fill dams in Korea, based on no-water borehole drilling, Standard Penetration Test, and 2D and 3D electrical resistivity surveys along with in situ and laboratory testing. High-capacity no-water boring minimized core layer disturbance while providing continuous core sample recovery. The results allow the classification of potential hazards related to the existing core layers based on both visual inspection of the recovered samples and the results of engineering surveys and tests. Four types of potential hazard are classified: locally fluidized core with a high water content, rapid water inflow to a borehole, cores with granular materials, and relatively low stiffness of core. Among these, the locally fluidized core is the most critical hazard that requires remedial action because it is related to the potential internal flow path and internal erosion. The other three hazard types are of medium importance and require careful monitoring and regular inspection. Of note, there was no correlation between age and core deterioration. The results are expected to aid the safe management and potential upgrading of aging cored fill dams.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.484-492
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• 2016

This study is the numerical analysis for the ground stability assessment in ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$mine. The subsidence factors applied to the numerical analysis were as follows. First, the deterioration of the rock mass properties by excavation of the disturbed zone. Second, using the average lateral pressure coefficient of Korea. Third, a study of the mine history. Fourth, the excavating collapsed rock mass in numerical analysis based on the assumption that the rock mass around the goaf was collapsed due to the mining. The developed methods were applied to the cross section (5+10) of the actual subsidence in ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$mine. The feasibility of the numerical analysis methods was confirmed by providing the same results as those of the actual subsidence. Next, the developed methods were applied to the cross section (3+10) that had a high probability of subsidence and the ground stability was evaluated. The analysis results show that the vertical displacement for the 5+10 cross section occurs at a maximum of 46 mm, whereas the analysis results show that the vertical displacement for the 3+10 cross section occurs at a maximum of 7 mm. Hence, it is concluded that the probability for subsidence is low.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sealer placement in simulated root canal extensions. Forty resin blocks were attained from the Endo-training Bloc. In each block. The simulated root canal was made with $\#20$, 80taper GT file. After each block was longitudinally split into two halves, a standardized groove was prepared on one canal wall of two halves to simulate the canal extensions with various irregularities. The two halves of each block were assembled and all simulated root canals were obturated by single cone method with AH26 sealer. Four different methods of sealer placement were used: group A, $\#20$ K-file; group B, ultrasonic file; group C, lentulo spiral; group D, EZ-Fill bi-directional spiral. All obturated blocks were stored in $100\%$ humidity at $37^{\circ}C$ for 1 week, Using a low speed saw, each block was sectioned horizontally. Images of the sections were taken using a stereomicroscope at $\times$ 30 magnification and a digital camera. The amount of the sealer in the groove was evaluated using a scoring system, a higher score indicated better sealing effectiveness. The data was statistically analysed by Fisher's Exact Test. The sealing score was the lowest, specially at the middle area of canal extensions in group A, and that was statistically significant difference from other groups. In conclusion, the ultrasonic file, lentulo spiral and EZ-Fill bi-directional spiral were effective methods of sealer placement in simulated canal extensions. The K file was the least effective method, specially at the middle area of canal extensions.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.677-687
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• 2021

If a fire breaks out in a building, occupants can evacuate more rapidly if they are able to identify the location of the fire, the exits, and themselves. This study derives the requirements of system development, such as distance non-limitation, a non-additional device, a non-centralized server system, and low power for an emergency, to identify information about the fire and the location of evacuees. The objective is to receive and transmit information and reduce the time and effort of the database for location tracking. Accordingly, this study develops a server-independent system that collects information related to a building fire and an evacuee's location and provides information to the evacuee on their mobile device. The system is composed of a transmitting unit to disseminate fire location information and a mobile device application to determine the locations of the fire and the evacuee. The developed system can contribute to reducing the damage to humans because evacuees can identify the location of the fire, exits, and themselves regardless of the impaired server system by fire, the interruption of power source, and the evacuee's location. Furthermore, this study proposes a theoretical basis for reducing the effort required for database construction of the k-nearest neighbor fingerprint.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.305-305
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• 2023

수문조사기기 검정은 강수량, 수위, 유량 등과 같은 수문자료를 관측하는 수문조사기기가 대상지역의 수문상황을 정확하게 관측하는지를 검사하는 일련의 과정으로 「수자원의 조사 계획 및 관리에 관한 법률」 제12조에 법적 기반을 두고 있다. 검정 대상은 강수량, 수위, 유속, 유사량, 토양수분량, 증발산량, 증발량 측정기기 총 7종이며, 환경부장관으로부터 한강홍수통제소가 검정업무를 위임받고, 한국건설기술연구원과 한국수자원조사기술원이 위탁받아 운영중에 있다. 최근에는 증발산량, 토양수분량 및 유량 측정기기기 등이 첨단화되어 기존 검정 방식에 대한보완 및 신설에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있다. 특히, 유량 측정시 기존에 사용하였던 회전식 유속계는 ADCP(Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) 유량측정기기로 대체되어 활용률이 2013년 24%에서2021년 67%로 약 2.8배 급격히 증가하였다. 하지만 수문조사기기 검정 관련 고시 내 ADCP에 대한검사방법 및 허용오차 등의 규정이 부재하여 수문조사기기의 검정 공백이 발생하는 등의 문제가 존재하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 ADCP 운영 및 기술 현황, 현행 법령, 국외 사례 등을 검토하여 ADCP 유량측정기기의 검사방법 및 허용오차에 대한 방안을 제시하고자 한다. ADCP 검사방법은 총 5단계로 외관검사, 자가진단 검사, 온도센서 검사, 수심측정 검사, 유량비교측정 검사에 따라 검정을 실시한다. 첫 번째 외관검사시에는 기기 외관과 센서 등 물리적 손상을 점검하고, 두 번째 자가진단 검사에서는 센서 변환 매트릭스 값, 수신부 센서 테스트, RAM/ROM 테스트, 통신 테스트 등에 관한 정상값 산출 여부를 확인한다. 세 번째 온도센서 검사에서는 검증용 온도센서를 이용한 값과 ADCP에 부착된 온도센서 값과 차이를 확인하고 ±2℃초과시 재검사 또는 적절한 조치를 취한 후 다음 단계의 검사를 진행한다. 네 번째 수심측정 검사에서는 수조 내 수심 측정을 확인하여 실제 수심과의 오차를 확인하고 ±1% 초과시 재검사 또는 적절한 조치 후 다음 검사를 실시한다. 유량비교 측정검사에서는 각 기기 간의 평균유량의 상대오차를 평가하는 것으로 ±5%미만에는 합격, ±5이상 ±10%미만에서는 재검사, ±10%이상에서는 공장수리를 권고하도록 하고, 1~5 단계의 검사를 통과한 기기를 대상으로 인증서를 발급하도록 한다. 유량비교 측정검사시에는 매년 ADCP를 사용하는 일반기업 및 공공기관 등이 모여 ADCP의 성능을 상호간 비교하는 'ADCP 기술협력 워크숍'을 확장하여 실시할 수 있다. 각 검사 단계의 허용오차는 USGS 또는 제조사 기준과 2022년 ADCP 기술협력 워크숍 성능검사 분석 결과를 토대로 하였다. 본 ADCP 검정 방안은 향후 ADCP 모델별로 단계별 시범 검토를 통해 세부사항에 대한 제시가 필요하며, 온도센서 검사, 수심측정 검사, 유량 비교측정검사에 대한 허용오차에 대한 타당성에대한 검증 및 검토가 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.108-112
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• 1998

Experimental trials of unilateral lung transplantation in dogs have been attempted and satisfactory results were obtained without any noticeable difficulty in surgical techniques. Fourteen dogs with the body weight of around 25 kg were anesthesized by 20~30 mg/kg of intravenous Entobar,; one was sacrificed to make available blood for use during transplantation for the recipient dog. A mid-sternotomy incision was performed and 20 mg/kg of Prostaglandin E1 was infused through the pulmonary artery and Euro-Collin's(E-C) preservation solution, cooled down to 4$^{\circ}C$, was perfused at the rate of 70cc/kg by a pressure of 30 cmH2O. The heart-lung block was then resected out and promptly immersed in the prepared preservation solution at 4$^{\circ}C$. One lung preserved in the EC solution at 4$^{\circ}C$ was anastomosed to the recipient dog in the order of the pulmonary vein, bronchus then pulmomary artery and the thoracotomy incision was closed after the bleeding control and tube thoracostomy. Then the pneumonectomy in the opposite side was perfomed in the same manner and the tailored lung was transplanted in the order of the pulmonary vein, bronchus, then pulmonary artery. We conclude that in the bilateral sequential lung transplantation, the right lung transplantation should precede to better expose the operative field and to prevent reperfusion injury; also, the cardiopulmonary bypass should be consider for certain appropriate cases.