• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.255-265
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• 2000

The term 'myositis ossificans' encompasses four categories of clinicopathological disorders. The first, myositis ossificans progressive(fibrodysplasia ossificans progressive), is a rare genetic disease characterized by progressive heterotopic ossification involving skeletal muscle, tendon, ligaments, and fascia, with congenital malformation of the great toes, and usually microdactyly, monophalangism, and mal formed proximal phalanges. with valgus deformity of metatarsophalangeal joint. The ossification begins shortly after birth and may contribute to the patient's death. The second, heterotopic ossificans, can occur in patients with neuromuscular and chronic diseases such as paraplegia, poliomyelitis, polymyositis, bum, tetanus, and infection. But the lesions in these cases often lack the typical histologic features of myositis ossificans. The third, myositis ossificans traumatica, is the most common; it develops in response to soft tissue trauma such as a single severe injury, minor repetitive injures, fracture, joint dislocation, stab wound, or surgical incision. The forth, nontraumatic myositis ossificans, also designated :pseudomalignant osseous tumors of extraskeletal soft tissues' and 'psedomalignant myositis ossificans', occurs in persons repeated small mechanical injures or nonmechanical soft tissue injuries due to local ischemia, inflammation. or other factors cannot be ruled out in such cases.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.269-276
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• 2015

This study investigated the influence of characteristics of natural organic matter (NOM) on the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs), and proposed the control strategies of DBPs formation in a drinking water treatment plant using lake water in Gyeongsangbuk-do. The fluorescence excitation-emission matrix analysis results revealed that the origins of NOM in raw waters to the plant were a mixture of terrestrial and microbial sources. Molecular size distributions and removals of NOM fractions were evaluated with a liquid chromatography-organic carbon detector (LC-OCD) analysis. Humic substances and low molecular weight organics were dominant fractions of NOM in the raw water. High molecular weight organics were relatively easier to remove through coagulation/precipitation than low molecular weight organics. The concentrations of DBPs formed by pre-chlorination increased through the treatment processes in regular sequence due to longer reaction time. Chloroform (74%) accounts for the largest part of trihalomethanes, followed by bromodichloromethane (22%) and dibromochloromethane (4%). Dichloroacetic acid (50%) and trichloroacetic acid (48%) were dominant species of haloacetic acids, and brominated species such as dibromoacetic acid (2%) were minimal or none. Dichloroacetonitrile (60%) accounts for the largest part of haloacetonitriles, followed by bromochloroacetonitrile (30%) and dibromoacetonitrile (10%). The formation of DBPs were reduced by 16~44% as dosages of pre-chlorine decreased. Dosages of pre-chlorine was more contributing to DBPs formation than variations of dissolved organic contents or water temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.617-624
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• 1990

Proper processing condition of Yukwa(oil popped rice snack) for mass production and pop-ping mechanism of it were tested with Shinsun (waxy, Japonica type rice) which was excellent for Yukwa making. Optimum steaming time of dough was 15 min among 4 to 60 min and reasonable moisture content of the dough before steaming was 4895 among 48 to 53% which had good and fine texture. Acceptable stirring time of steamed dough was not significantly different among 1 to 4 min, but no stirring with much larger volume was shown very poor and too soft in texture. At the simplification test of milling method, wet milling was better then dry milling in expansion rate and high temperature treatment of dough at 6$0^{\circ}C$ gave negative effect on their quality. Extending high temperature treatment of dough, reducing sugars in the dough increased and it might be caused of starch degradation. In addition of some other protein sources to dough, Yukwa quality were in proportion to the protein content of the beans. At the long term storage of the Yukwa base, moisture absorption was different depending upon RH of atmosphere and the quality of Yukwa was inferior by storage time. By addition of some alcoholic beverage, such as Makkoli, Soju and Chungju, expansion rate and their texture were somewhat improved by increasing addition amount of them from 15% to. 30％ on dough (w/w).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.973-978
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the solubility, antioxidative and antimicrobial activity of the freeze dried chitosan-ascorbate (CAs) and chitosan-acetate (CAc). In the results of solubility, CAs was soluble over 0.5% in distilled water, vinegar, green tea, soju (distilled liquor), beer and red wine, while it was not soluble in soy sauce, soy milk, milk, orange juice, coffee, sesame oil, soy milk and soybean oil. The solubility of CAc in the liquid foods was similar to those of CAs, but it was soluble less than 0.1% in beer, and formed curd in red wine. Electron donating activity, antioxidative activity and SOD activity of CAs were 48.2, 90.6 and 67.5%, respectively, while the activities of the CAc were 0, 40.0 and 10.0%, respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of CAs and CAc were $200\;{\mu}g/disc$ against Bacillus circulans, Bacillus brevis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus arabitane and Bacillus sterothermophillus, $400\;{\mu}g/disc$ against Escherichia coli O157, Listeria monocytogenous, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis. There was no significant difference in Hunter's L* value between CAs and CAc $(81.95{\sim}82.97)$, but Hunter's a* and b* values of the CAs was higher than those of CAc. While sour and bitter tastes of CAs were lower than those of CAc, there was no significant difference in astringent taste. From these results, it suggested that CAs has more extensive utility in liquid foods with antimicrobial and antioxidant activity as well as sensory quality compared to CAc.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.23
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• pp.5-32
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• 2005

The life of man is being changed with the changes of the times. The man struggles to enjoy the blessing of peace and lives as a member of a nation. So he has the national characteristics. In that national characteristics is the national emotion. From the emotion the national poetry is created. The poetry has the conventional form. This form is regarded as Sijo(時調). The Sijo was prescribed as the organization three sections. But this prescription is false. This form is the organization of five sections. When the false prescription is corrected, we have our conventional poetry form and create our own poems.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.23 no.3 s.55
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• pp.172-175
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• 1999

The effect of Korean red ginseng extract on the pharmacokinetics of ethanol was examined in 14 male rats and 10 healthy male volunteers. Aqueous red ginseng extract (200 mg/kg), or an equivalent volume of water was administered orally to the rats and followed immediately by treatment with $50\%$ (v/v) ethanol orally (3.2 g/kg). The area under the curve (AVC) and elimination rate constant (Ke) of ethanol were $29.2{\pm}6.2\;g{\cdot}min{\cdot}dl^{-},\;0.51{\pm}0.06\;mg{\cdot}dl^{-}{\cdot}min.^{-}$ in ginseng-treated group and $28.0{\pm}5.6\;g{\cdot}min.{\cdot}dl^{-},0.5{\pm}0.1\;mg{\cdot}dl^{-}{\cdot}min.^{-}$ in control group. These differences were not significant. The volunteers were given orally with 3g of aqueous ginseng, or an equivalent volume of water, followed immediately by Korean alcoholic beverage, Soju (2.4 ml/kg). The AUC and Ke of ethanol for volunteers were $10.6{\pm}2.0\;g{\cdot}min.{\cdot}dl^{-}$ and $0.21{\pm}0.05\;mg{\cdot}dl^{-}{\cdot}min.^{-}$ in ginseng-treated group and $11.0{\pm}2.2\;g{\cdot}min.{\cdot}dl^{-}$ and $0.22{\pm}0.04\;mg{\cdot}dl^{-}{\cdot}min.^{-}$ in control group. These differences were not also significant. These results suggest that an application of red ginseng extract does not have any clinically significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of ethanol.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.489-500
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to survey the recognition and the actual state of use of Native pork. The recognition on Native pork were examined using a questionary to eight hundred males and females in Kyeongbuk and Daegu. The results were as follows : The meats which they often ate in the order of pork, beef and chicken. When people eat out, 43.7% of those ate pork and 42.7% of those ate beef, the younger people liked pork more than the older people. The recognition on pork dishes showed the a high mean value of 3.38 to "I like Pork dishes" 53.5% of the respondants liked three-ply flesh and 33.6% of those liked rib among the part of pork. The favorite pork dish was pork roast meat at 48.1 o/e, Kimchichige at 13.6%, and sweet and sour pork 10.9%. Suitable and garnish food with pork were lettuce, sesame leaf and garlic, and alcoholic drinks such as soju. The Native pork showed a higher mean value than improved pork in taste(lightness, tasty) . sticky meat qualify, low fat content and good food for health. 30.9% of the respondants recognised as a traditional food. 59.1% of respondants have used the native pork, ingest place came out special eating house 42.2%. 38.3% of respondants suggested' convenience of purchase' and 31.6% of those suggested 'low price' as facts that has been improved in the native pork.tive pork.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.110-110
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• 2010

2009년 7월 23일-24일 양일간의 APEC MTF 컨퍼런스는 APEC 회원 경제가 아시아-태평양지역에서 광업부문의 지속가능한 발전의 주제를 토의할 기회를 제공했다. 본 컨퍼런스는 APEC의 광업부문의 지속가능한 발전이라는 프로젝트의 중요 부분이며 컨퍼런스의 활발한 참여는 프로젝트의 성공을 증진시켰다. 지속가능한 발전에 대한 안건이 수년간 APEC의 핵심부분이었으며, 특히 광업장관(MRM)회의에 상정되어 왔다. 2004년 6월 칠레 안토파가스타의 제1차 회의에서, 광업장관들은 APEC 지역에서 광업 및 금속산업의 지속가능한 발전은 부를 창출하고, 환경사업을 창출하며, 사회적으로 책임있는 발전을 도모하며 사회를 위한 향상된 가치를 만들어낸다는데 동의했다. 초기의 action item들 중에서 지속가능한 발전에 있어서 광물 및 금속의 기여를 규명하는 것도 있었다. 광업에 있어서 지속가능한 발전에 대한 안건의 토의는 2005년 10월 한국의 경주 제2차 APEC MRM 회의에서 속계되었다. 관련된 action task는 채광 후 토지운영 뿐만 아니라 에너지 효율기술, 광업 오염 통제 기술과 같은 환경친화적인 채광기술에 대한 정보교환 및 협조를 독려하는 것이었다. 2007년 호주 퍼스의 제3차 회의에서 APEC MRM 회의는 특히 지구화의 시대에 APEC 지역 광물자원의 지속가능한 발전에 대한 긴밀한 지역적 협조에 대한 필요성을 인지하고 있다. 장관들은 역시 광업부문에서 지속가능한 발전에 대한 APEC 위상을 정립하기 위한 작업을 주도하기로 했으며 APEC 경제의 공통관심사를 UNCSD에 반영키 위한 자료제공을 하기로 결정했다. APEC 광업분야의 지속 가능한 개발에 관한 APEC MTF회의는 호주, 캐나다, 칠레, 중국, 인도네시아, 일본, 말레이시아, 파푸아 뉴기니, 페루, 필리핀, 한국, 러시아, 싱가포르, 타이완, 태국, 미국, 베트남에서 자신들의 지속 가능한 개발을 위한 활동에 관한 발표나 의견을 제시하였다. 세계 은행이나 AIM에서도 발표를 하였다. 중요한 소주제들은 다음과 같다. $\cdot$ APEC MTF가 APEC 광업분야의 지속 가능한 발전을 추구하는데 있어 적절한 포럼이라는 것 $\cdot$ 기업들이 사회적 책임(CSR)을 성실히 이행할 필요가 있다는 것 $\cdot$ 수자원과 인적자원의 부족을 다룰 필요가 있다는 것 $\cdot$ 적절한 광산 복구가 필요하다는 것이다. 한국은 "광업분야의 지속가능한 발전을 위한 환경과 광업간의 균형"이라는 프로젝트 아이디어를 제안했다. 인도네시아와 말레이시아는 한국측 프로젝트 수행의 중요성을 강조했다. 러시아 연방은 "광업에 있어 투자 활성화"라는 프로젝트 아이디어를 제안했다. 이 관점에서 MTF는 APEC 투자전문가 그룹과의 협력을 지지했으며 이 포럼간 활동을 활성화시키기 위하여 APEC 사무국에 요청했다. 이 프로젝트는 세계 광업분야의 투자를 증진시키는 최적관행 분석에 따라 제안될 것이고 수행될 것이다. 말레이시아는 광업 및 광업 산업의 지속가능한 발전지시자를 위한 역량구축 프로젝트를 제안했다. 태국은 말레이시아의 제안을 지지했으며 공동프로젝트를 제안했다.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.195-213
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to explore and understand the meaning of 'Good Death' that the Korean aged people are generally thinking based on their values and the sentiments. For this purpose, we carried out individual and in-depth interviews with 40 aged persons living in Seoul taking their genders and social-economic status into consideration from March to May 2003. We applied qualitative research method to this study. Eight graduate students were responsible for the interviews. They majored in gerontology or had experiences of field work with old persons. It took an average of one and a half hour and maximum of two hours for each of the interviews. All of the processes of each interview were tape-recorded under the agreement with each interviewee. The main and sub themes from the data can be classified to seven categories according to the Phenomenological Approach designed by Colaizzi(1978). The main theme of good death that most of the interviewees considered was 'Blessed Death', very similar to 'Death Fortune' in the five good fortunes found in Korean tradition and the Confucianism. Also, the main concept is classified to seven sub-themes: (1) Not seeing their children's death; (2) Dying in front of their children; (3) Not to be a burden of their children during their lives; (4) Dying after doing all of their duties as parents; (5) Dying with no pain; (6) Completing the natural span of their lives; and (7) Prepared death. Thus, 'Blessed Death' that Korean aged people consider seems to be very closely related with the lives, health, happiness and success of their children. Based on the findings, we concluded that both social policy makers and social service providers are required to keep in mind the meanings of 'Good death' that most of the Korean aged people consider in order to help them enjoy successful aging during their remaining lives.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.11-36
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• 2005

Cooperative teaching emerged as one of the interesting topics on curriculum administration and teaching-learning method in BSA(Busan Science Academy). The purpose of this study is to do research on social studies learning with respect to cooperative teaching, and to develop the model of cooperative teaching. The results of this study are as follows: First, We surveyed both the concept of cooperative teaching in all aspects and the methodological application on cooperative teaching. Second, We searched all teaching-learning methods in BSA in terms of cooperative teaching. Third, We studied cooperative teaching system on social studies considering current environmental factors. Forth, We performed seminar class which is constructed as one of the cooperative teaching models. The topic of seminar was 'The distortion and falsification of Koguryeo history in China'. The participants of seminar were volunteer students and social studies teachers whose subjects were geography, history, social studies, and ethics. And the participants conducted the research and cooperative learning based on teacher's subjects and subtopics. Fifth, The interactions between teacher and teacher, student and student, and teacher and student in the process of seminar preparation and publication were conducted very excitedly. Especially we found the possibility of cooperative teaching by the interaction between teachers. Finally, students developed the mind-frame to participate in social studies learning actively, and learned the method to research social affairs for themselves, and extended the eyes to approach social affairs with different opinions.