• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.38 no.12 s.161
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• pp.1039-1049
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• 2005

The objective of this study is to produce optimal radar-derived rainfall for hydrologic utilization. The ground clutter and beam blockage effects from Mt. Kwanak station (E.L 608m) are removed from radar reflectivities by POD analysis. The reflectivities are used to produce radar rainfall data in the form of rain rates (mm/h) by the application of the Marshall-Palmer reflectivity versus rainfall relationship. However, these radar-derived rainfall are underestimated in temporal and spatial scale compared with observed one, so it is necessary to hire a correction scheme based on the gauge-to-radar (G/R) statistical adjustment technique. The selected watershed for studying the real-time correction of radar-rainfall estimation is the Soyang dam site, which is located approximately 100km east of Kwanak radar station. The results indicate that adjusted radar rainfall with the gauge measurement have reasonal G/R ratio ranged on 0.95-1.32 and less uncertainty with that mean standard deviation of G/R ratio are decreased by $9-28\%$. Mean areal precipitation from adjusted radar rainfall are well agreed to the observed one on the Soyang River watershed. It is concluded that the real-time bias adjustment scheme is useful to estimate accurate basin-based radar rainfall for hydrologic application.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.171-179
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• 2022

In this study, the characteristics of algae mitigation according to dam operation were quantitatively analyzed for Uiam Lake, where the Chuncheon Dam is located upstream of the main stream, Uiam Dam is located downstream, and Soyang Dam is located in the tributary stream. Nine dam operation scenarios were applied to the event of the summer of 2018 (at that time an algae alert occurred) using the EFDC model, which is capable of calculating three-dimensional hydrodynamics and water quality levels such as those associated with chlorophyll-a. The dam operation scenarios were set to generate a flushing effect via discharges in the form of pulse waves from the upstream dams and by lowering the water level at the downstream dam. At Uiam Lake, the flushing effect was different depending on the operation of the dam, and the amount of algae reduction at each point was different owing to topographic characteristics and the different base water temperatures from BukHan River and Soyang River. With regard to a point located on the left bank, it was predicted that the peak level of chlorophyll-a would be reduced by approximately 50 % or more upon pulsed discharge at 50 m³/s for three days at Soyang Dam. However, for the right bank, the amount of discharge from Soyang Dam had little effect on algae mitigation. Therefore, an appropriate dam operation could be effective for algae mitigation at specific points in the water body where large dams exist upstream and downstream, such as at Uiam Lake, in an emergency situation in which algal blooms rapidly.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.100-100
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• 2011

최근 지구온난화와 같은 기상이변으로 인하여 많은 재해가 유발되고 있으며, 태풍이나 집중호우와 같은 강우현상으로 하천의 범람 등의 홍수피해가 해마다 증가하고 있다. 이러한 가운데 하천에서의 홍수 피해 발생을 예방하기 위한 방법의 하나로 홍수 예 경보 시스템의 구축이 있으며, 우리나라에서는 1974년부터 한강홍수통제소에서 홍수 예 경보 시스템을 구축하여 운영하고 있다. 남한강 유역의 경우 북한강보다 유역면적은 1.6배 넓지만 홍수조절능력을 지닌 구조물로는 충주댐이 유일하며, 충주댐의 저수량은 북한강의 소양강댐보다도 적기 때문에 북한강보다 홍수의 위험이 더 높다고 볼 수 있다. 이에 충주댐에서의 저수위와 방류량은 남한강 유역의 홍수발생에 직접적 영향을 미치며, 실제로 2006년 집중호우 당시 상류의 단양지역과 하류의 여주지역에서는 충주댐의 저수위와 방류량 운영을 두고 많은 논쟁이 야기된 적이 있었다. 본 연구에서는 남한강 유역의 홍수 예 경보 활용을 위하여 HEC-RAS 모형을 이용한 수리학적 모형을 구축하였다. 수리학적 모형을 구축하기 위해 하도측량 자료와 하천정비기본계획서를 이용하여 모형의 단면을 구축하였다. 또한 모형의 정확성을 위하여 최근 가장 큰 홍수피해가 발생한 2006년 홍수사상 자료를 이용하여 모형의 보정을 실시하였으며, 적용성과 신뢰성 검토를 위하여 2003년~2005년, 2007년~2008년에 발생한 홍수사상 자료를 이용하여 모형의 검증을 실시하였다.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.43-56
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• 1996

As considering a study of the So-um-In and So-yang-In desease, I know each of Extra-disease (表病) and Intra-disease (裏病). I takes serious view of the Extra-Intra-Um-Yang-Up-Down (表裏陰陽升降). I try to join costitutional disease to the parts of human body, which base on the theory on Sa-sang constituional Medicine. And I make some diagrams of them. They could be summerized as follows. 1.The Extra-qi (表氣) is four-viscera (四臟) and four back parts of hurman body (後四海). The Intra-qi (裏氣) is four-digestive organs (四腑) and four fore parts of human body (前四海). 2. It is important that Yang-qi (陽氣) go up at So-um-In Extra-disease (少陰人 表病) and Um-qi (陰氣) go down at So-yang-In Extra-disease (少陽人 表病). And It is important that Um-qi (陰氣) go down at So-um-In Intra-disease (少陰人 裏病) and Yang-qi of Large Intestine (大關局) go up at So-yang-In Intra-disese (少陽人 裏病). 3. Looking into the Extra-disease, ◈ Sin-Yang-Gon-Yiel (腎陽困熱) and Ha-Cho-Chuk-Hyel (下篇蓄血) of So-um-In disease are the disease that Yang-qi don't go up from the buttock. So-Yang-sang-Pung (少陽傷風) of So-yang-In disease is the disease that Um-qi don't go down from the upper back. ◈ Yui-Ga-Sil (胃家室) of So-um-In disease is the disease that Yang-qi don't go up from the lower abdomen Gyel-Hung (結胸) of So-yang-In disease is the disease that Um-qi don't go down from the thorax. ◈ Mang-Yang (亡陽) of So-um-In disease is the disease that Yang-qi don't go up from Intra-qi so it go out to the Extra-qi. Mang-Um (亡陰) of So-yang-In disease is the disease that Um-qi don't go down from the Extra-qi so it go into the Extra-qi. ◈ Dea-Jang-Pa-Han of So-um-In disease and Sim-Ha-Gyel-Hung (心下結胸) of So-yang-In desease are half of Extra-qi and Inrea-qi. 4. Looking into the Intra-disease, ◈ The Intra-disease of So-um-In is Tae-um symtom (太陰證) and So-um symtom (少陰證). The So-um symtom is more severe than Tae-um symtom because a cold wave of Large Intestine (大腸冷氣) involve a warm wave of Stomach (胃局). ◈ The Intra-disease of So-yang-In is not to go up Yang-qi of Large Intestine. Deficit of Yang-qi from Large Intestine which go up at Stomach is more sever than deficit of Yang-qi from Stomach which go up at extremes.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.87-98
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• 2000

The objective of this study is to test the flood forecasting capability of TOPMODEL on a single watershed in Korea. The selected study area is the Soyang River basin with outlet at Soyang Dam site. The three daily hydrographs and the three hourly flood events during 1990~1996 are selected for model calibrations and performance tests. The model parameters are estimated on 1990 daily event by manual fitting technique and the effects of topographic index distribution to river flow simulations are investigated on the study area. The model performance on correlation coefficient between the observed and the simulated flows for the verification periods are above 0.77 on the 95-, 96-daily events, while above 0.87 for 90-, 95-, 96-hourly events. By the consideration of flood flow characteristics in Korea, the physical interpretation of the model concept, and the model performance, it can be concluded that the TOPMODEL is feasible as a flood forecasting model in Korea. Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.12-31
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• 2010

The objective of this study is to evaluate the applicability of GIS based multi-directional flow allocation model. In order to evaluate the suggested model in this study, it was applied to real watersheds, Pyeongchang and Soyang river basin. The simulation results were compared with observed values, and showed good agreements. The improvement of accuracy and reduction of simulation time were carried out by applying multi-directional flow allocation. Accordingly, the applied methodologies presented in this study will be used to predict accurate runoff, which plays a major role in integrated flood management. If this model is combined with the techniques of rainfall forecasting, it will contribute to the real-time flood forecasting and warning in the future.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.21 no.B
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• pp.233-240
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• 2001

This research was conducted with the aim of efficiently managing large scale of rivers such like Songyang-river through predicting water quality change with analyzing the characteristics of the flowing in nutrients and pollutants. The main result will be used as basic data for effectively operating reservoirs through controling water quality and quantity. The relationship between quantity of flow and water quality was analyzed and pollution loading into the basin was estimated. Three areas of Soyang-river upstream and one area of Suip-cheon in Yanggu-gun were selected as research sites. Flow and water quality were measured simultaneously. The relation between quantity of discharge and pollution concentration and between quantity of discharge and pollution loading were analyzed by statistical method, respectively. We provided a rating curve through measuring quantity of discharge(collecting quantity of discharge) and pollutograph and pollution loading curve through water quality data. Also, we analyzed the correlation between quantity of discharge per unit area and pollution loading per unit area in each basin. As resurt of this research, Buk-cheon spot revealed an excellent first grade water quality for the items including $BOD_5$, DO, and SS. The correlation coefficient between Buk-cheon spot's quantity of discharge and pollution loading was 0.896~0.996, showing the validity of analysis applying correlation curve formula of quantity of discharge and pollution loading in the same spot. Also, pollution loading per unit area of the items including $BOD_5$, COD, DO, SS, T-N, T-P increased as the area of basins get increased following the sequence of Buk-cheon, Suip-cheon, Naelin-cheon spots.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.89-93
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• 2009

홍수기에 집중되는 하천유출량을 갈수기에 적절히 활용하기 위한 대표적인 시설이 댐이다. 제한된 용수공급량을 적절히 분배해 용수수요량을 만족시키면서 미래 갈수기시 용수공급을 위한 댐 저류량을 조절하는 것이 댐 운영의 중요한 목적 중 하나이다. 본 연구에서는 댐 저류량에 따라 댐 계획방류량을 일정비율 줄여주는 Hedging Rule을 5단계로 적용하여 댐의 상시만수위 저류량에 대한 실제 저류량의 편차 절대치 합, 수요에 대한 용수공급 부족량의 합, 그리고 하천유지유량에 대한 하천유량 부족량의 합을 목적함수로 하여 혼합정수 선형계획법(MILP, Mixed Integer Linear Programming)으로 식을 구성하였다. 한강수계의 다목적댐인 충주, 횡성, 소양강 댐과 용수전용댐인 광동 댐, 그리고 발전용 댐이지만 비교적 큰 저류용량을 가진 화천 댐을 댐 연계 운영 대상으로 하여 수자원장기종합계획의 2003년 유출량 및 수요량 자료와 댐운영실무편람의 댐 계획방류량 자료를 10일 단위로 입력하여 GAMS/CPLEX를 이용해 최적화하였다. 그 결과 생공용수 수요량 99.99%, 농업용수 수요량 99.91%, 그리고 하천유지용수 수요량 99.24%를 충족시키면서, 댐 저류율이 66.54%에서 86.39%로 증가하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.199-203
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• 2011

본 논문은 북한강 상류의 국내 최대 다목적댐인 소양호 유역을 대상으로 하였으며, 오염물질 항목에 대한 배수구역별 오염부하량을 산정하여 유황변화에 따른 오염부하량의 유달특성을 관찰하였으며, 배수구역별 유달오염부하량의 기여율을 산정하였다. 배수구역의 오염부하량 유달특성을 관찰한 결과 BOD, SS, T-P의 경우 인북천 유역에서 높은 유달률을 보였으며, T-N의 경우 내린천 유역과 합강 유역의 시가지에서 높은 유달률을 보여 배수구역별 오염총량관리를 위한 중점관리 수질항목을 제시할 수 있었다. 다음으로 배수구역별 유황변화 및 계절변화에 따른 오염부하량의 기여율을 산정한 결과, 전반적으로 BOD와 T-P의 경우 인북천 유역에서 높은 기여율을 보였으며, SS는 강우기간에는 내린천 유역, 비강우기간에는 인북천 유역에서 T-N은 내린천과 북천 유역에서 높은 기여율을 보였다. T-N과 T-P는 호소수 부영양화 조절을 위한 제한 영양소임을 고려할 때 본 유역에 대한 오염원의 집중적인 관리가 필요한 것을 알 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1859-1863
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 팔당댐 지점을 중심으로 상류에 위치하고 있는 소양강, 충주 다목적댐 운영에 따른 빈도홍수량의 변화를 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 연구하기 위해서는 우선 댐운영 전후의 홍수량 자료를 획득하는 것이 무엇보다 중요하다. 즉, 홍수량 산정에 있어 댐의 유무, 댐운영을 모두 고려하여 유출량을 합리적으로 산정하는 것이 관건이 된다. 실제로 단기 강우-유출모형에 의해 홍수량을 산정하여야 하나, 계산의 어려움과 유역의 비선형으로 인해 그 결과를 증명하기도 매우 어려운 현실이다. 다시 말해, 댐운영 전후의 유출량 비교는 물론 빈도홍수량의 비교연구가 진행되기 힘든 실정이다. 따라서 상대적으로 유역면적이 클수록 일유량과 첨두유량의 관계가 비교적 일정한 경향을 보인다는 점에 착안하여, 장기유출모형인 SWAT-K 모형을 이용하여 먼저 일유량을 모의하였다. 모의된 일유량과 첨두유량과의 상관관계로 댐운영 전후에 따른 빈도홍수량의 변화특성를 파악하고자 하였다. 홍수빈도분석을 위해 사용된 분포는 Extreme Type I이며, 매개변수 추정은 L-moment 방법을 이용하였다. 본 연구방법은 유역면적이 상대적으로 넓은 지역에서 댐운영에 따른 빈도홍수량의 변화를 파악할 수 있는 새로운 시도라고 할 수 있다.