• Title/Summary/Keyword: 소아/청소년

Search Result 4,173, Processing Time 0.029 seconds

Skeletal Age Assessment of SMI and MP3 Stages to Predict the Pubertal Growth Spurt (사춘기 최대 성장 단계 예측을 위한 SMI 및 MP3 단계별 골연령 평가)

  • Lee, Yeonju;Mah, Yonjoo
    • Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
    • /
    • v.46 no.3
    • /
    • pp.233-238
    • /
    • 2019
  • This study aimed to assess the skeletal age of skeletal maturational indicator (SMI) and middle phalanx of the middle finger (MP3) stages and to predict the SMI and MP3 stages corresponding to pubertal growth spurt in boys and girls respectively. The skeletal age was assessed from hand-wrist radiographs of 363 children (182 boys, 181 girls) aged 7 to 16 years by radiologists using the Korean standard bone age chart. Also, SMI and MP3 stages were evaluated from the radiographs. From these records, the mean skeletal age of SMI and MP3 stages was calculated. The stages including pubertal growth spurt were SMI 4 - 5, MP3 FG - G stages in boys and SMI 3 - 4, MP3 F - FG stages in girls.

Analysis of Dental Antibiotic Prescriptions for Children and Adolescents in South Korea (소아 청소년에 대한 한국 치과에서의 항생제 처방 분석)

  • Seong Joon Lee;Jihun Kim
    • Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
    • /
    • v.50 no.3
    • /
    • pp.292-306
    • /
    • 2023
  • Antibiotics are used for the prevention and treatment of infections. This study aimed to investigate the patterns of dental antibiotic prescription in children and adolescents. The Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service provided data on patients who visited medical institutions. It was categorized according to year, sex, age, insurance type, dental institution, and region. Chi-square tests, Fisher's exact tests, and one-way analyses of variance were performed. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS software (ver. 9.2; SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA). Amoxicillin and cephalosporins, the most commonly used antibiotics, accounted for approximately 96% of the prescriptions. The younger the child, the more antibiotics were prescribed for trauma, pulpitis, and dental abscesses. However, closer to adolescence, the antibiotics were primarily prescribed to manage impacted teeth and periodontal problems. Antibiotics were prescribed for 3.13 days on average. There were significant differences in the prescription rates according to age, sex, type of insurance, type of medical institution, and region (p < 0.05). This study suggested that antibiotic prescriptions should be closely monitored to ensure appropriate usage of antibiotics.

Latest Overseas Policy on Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination for Children Aged 5 to 11 (해외 주요 국가의 5-11세 소아 코로나19 예방접종 정책 동향)

  • Moon, Jihyun;Choe, Young June;Choi, Youn Young
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
    • /
    • v.29 no.1
    • /
    • pp.16-27
    • /
    • 2022
  • In Korea, children aged 5 to 11 have been vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from March 2022. Due to this age group not being at a high risk of developing severe COVID-19 symptoms, each major country has different, circumstance dependent, immunization policies for children. In this review, the COVID-19 vaccination policies for 5-11 years old children in major countries were reviewed and considerations were presented for Korea, where children 5-11 years old are starting to get vaccinated against COVID-19.

The Relationship between Visual Outcome and Ocular Trauma Score after Open Globe Injuries in Children (소아청소년 개방안구손상 환자에서의 시력예후와 안외상 점수와의 연관성)

  • Park, Su Jin;Son, Byeong Jae
    • Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society
    • /
    • v.59 no.11
    • /
    • pp.1062-1070
    • /
    • 2018
  • Purpose: We evaluated the prognostic factors of open globe injuries in children and adolescents, and compared the ocular trauma score (OTS) and pediatric penetrating ocular trauma score (POTS). Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 77 children under 18 years of age who visited our clinic with open globe injuries between May 1993 and April 2014. We investigated the factors that may affect final visual acuity. We also compared the OTS and POTS using receiver operating characteristic curves as a method to predict final visual acuity. Results: By univariate analysis, an initial visual acuity less than 20/200, globe rupture, wound size greater than 7.0 mm, retinal detachment, lens dislocation, and total number of operations contributed to worse visual outcomes (<20/200). Conversely, central corneal involvement, traumatic cataract, wound size less than 7.0 mm, and initial visual acuity greater than 20/200 were better prognostic indicators (${\geq}20/32$). Both OTS and POTS had diagnostic value as a predictor of final visual acuity, although there were no statistically significant differences between the two scoring systems. Conclusions: Initial visual acuity and wound size are important prognostic factors for the final visual acuity in children and adolescent, following open globe injuries. Both OTS and POTS are reliable prognostic models for open globe injuries in children and adolescents.

A Case of Klinefelter Syndrome with Refractory Seizure in Infant (난치성 경련이 동반된 클라인펠터 증후군 영아)

  • Kim, Sun;Kim, Jong Seok;Kim, Dong Hyun;Lee, Ji Eun;Kwon, Young Se
    • Journal of the Korean Child Neurology Society
    • /
    • v.26 no.4
    • /
    • pp.276-279
    • /
    • 2018
  • Klinefelter syndrome a genetic disorder with various clinical manifestations. Neurological symptoms, such as seizures, are rarely reported with Klinefelter syndrome, and it response well to anti-epileptic drugs. A 5-month-old boy visited the Inha university hospital due to jerking movements and hiccups. The patient had been diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome at birth and had a medical history of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit due to opisthotonus and ocular deviation at 26 days of age. The patient's serum testosterone level was decreased and his anti-$M{\ddot{u}}llerian$ hormone level was increased. The brain image examination was normal and the electoencephalography and other blood test results showed no specific findings. However, after admission, the patient recurred generalized tonic-clonic-seizures recurred intermittently even after the administration of antiepileptic drugs. This paper reports a case of non-febrile seizures in a child with Klinefelter syndrome who presented with a refractory course.

Trend of Antibiotic Susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae Isolated from Children, 2014-2019 (최근 5년간 국내 소아청소년에서 분리된 Haemophilus influenzae의 항생제 감수성 분석)

  • Lee, Euntaek;Park, Sera;Kim, Mina;Lee, Jina
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
    • /
    • v.27 no.3
    • /
    • pp.147-157
    • /
    • 2020
  • Purpose: We investigated the trend of antibiotic susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae over 5 consecutive years. Methods: We analyzed the antibiotic susceptibility of H. influenzae isolated from children aged <18 years, who were admitted to the Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital from March 2014 to April 2019. Antibiotic susceptibility of H. influenzae was determined by the disk diffusion test according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing guidelines. Results: Excluding duplicates, 69 isolates were obtained over the past 5 years. The median age of the patients was 5 years (range, 2.8-8.6 years). The antibiotic susceptibility patterns were as follows: ampicillin (AMP)-susceptible/amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC)-susceptible (AS/ACS; n=15 [21.7%]), AMP-resistant/AMC-susceptible (AR/ACS; n=21 [30.4%]), and AMP-resistant/AMC-resistant (AR/ACR; n=33 [47.8%]). The prevalence of isolates with AR/ACR phenotype tended to increase from 42.1% in 2014-2015 to 54.5% in 2018-2019 (P=0.342). Compared to 2014-2015, the resistance rates to cefuroxime and ceftriaxone in 2018-2019 increased from 31.6% to 77.3% and from 0.0% to 59.1%, respectively (P=0.003 and P<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Over the last 5 years, H. influenzae isolates with AR/ACR phenotype and ceftriaxone resistance were frequently observed at our institute. The incidence of resistance to cefuroxime and ceftriaxone has increased significantly.

Kerion Celsi Caused by Trichophyton verrucosum Mimicking a Hypervascular Tumor in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report (고혈관성 종양으로 오인된 Trichophyton verrucosum에 의한 두피 백선종창 1례)

  • Kim, Kyung-Ran;Park, Hwanhee;Kim, Doo Ri;Yoon, Yoonsun;Jeon, Chiman;Lee, Sanghoon;Lim, So Young;Kim, Ji Hye;Kim, Yae-Jean
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
    • /
    • v.29 no.2
    • /
    • pp.118-123
    • /
    • 2022
  • A dermatophyte is a zoonotic infection that causes infection on the skin, hair, and nails and is transmitted through contact. The species of Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton are the major dermatophytes that infect humans. Tinea capitis is a dermatophyte infection in the scalp, and it may progress to kerion celsi, including severe redness, swelling, and pus formation. Kerion celsi is sometimes misdiagnosed as a bacterial infection or a tumor. Trichophyton verrucosum is a zoophilic dermatophyte that mainly causes infection in cattle. It can be spread to dairy farmers or ranchers who have frequent contact with infected cattle. We report a pediatric case who received scalp tumor excision and a split-thickness skin graft for extensive and severe inflammatory scalp tumors that occurred after contact with cattle with ringworm. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with kerion celsi caused by T. verrucosum infection. This was based on the patient's medical history, clinical manifestations, and histopathologic findings.

The Pharmacotherapy of Pediatric Bipolar I Disorder : Case Report (소아기 발병 제1형 양극성 정동장애의 약물치료 : 증례 보고)

  • Hong, Hyun-Ju;Choi, Tae-Kyou;Yook, Ki-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
    • /
    • v.18 no.1
    • /
    • pp.66-71
    • /
    • 2007
  • There has been increasing recognition of pediatric bipolar disorder in the psychiatric field during the past 10 years. The clinical presentation of this disorder in preadolescent is greatly debated and few studies have been conducted in Korea. The authors report 3 cases of children with bipolar I disorder whose clinical symptoms were improved after pharmacotherapy. The authors also review current concepts, debates and treatment of pediatric bipolar disorder.

  • PDF

Retroperitoneal Abscess Masquerading as Pyelonephritis (신우신염으로 오인된 복막뒤농양)

  • Lim, Deok-Gyo;Lee, Taek-Jin
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
    • /
    • v.28 no.3
    • /
    • pp.168-172
    • /
    • 2021
  • Retroperitoneal infections are rarer than intra-abdominal infections in children; however, they can lead to significant morbidity in cases of missed diagnosis. We present a case of retroperitoneal abscess caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in a 10-year-old female adolescent who failed to show clinical improvement following empirical antibiotic therapy.

Age-Based Characteristics of West Syndrome in Patients with Mitochondrial Disease (미토콘드리아 질환에서 웨스트 증후군 환자의 경련 발생 연령에 따른 임상 양상 비교)

  • Choi, Young Ha;Baek, Min-Seong;Na, Ji-Hoon;Kang, Hoon-Chul;Lee, Joon Soo;Kim, Heung Dong;Lee, Young-Mock
    • Journal of the Korean Child Neurology Society
    • /
    • v.26 no.4
    • /
    • pp.197-204
    • /
    • 2018
  • Purpose: West syndrome is a severe form of age-specific epilepsy that typically affects infants younger than 2 years of age with mitochondrial disease. We aimed to examine age-specific characteristics of the syndrome in these patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 54 patients with West syndrome diagnosed with mitochondrial disease between March 2006 and March 2016. We compared treatment strategies and diagnostic and clinical variables between patients with early-onset (<6 months of age) and late-onset (${\geq}6$ months of age) seizures. Results: Seizure was the first symptom in 30 (90.9%) and 13 (65%) patients of the early-onset and late-onset groups, respectively (P=0.046). Delayed development was observed in 3 (9.1%) and 7 (35%) patients of the early-onset and late-onset groups, respectively (P=0.023). Lactate levels were normal in 17 patients (55%) of the early-onset group and 5 (25%) of the late-onset group (P=0.036), while initial brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were normal in 23 (67.6%) and 8 (40%) patients of the early-onset and late-onset groups, respectively. Final MRI findings were abnormal in 32 patients (94.1%) of the early-onset group and 18 (90%) of the late-onset group (P=0.036). Although ketogenic diets reduced seizure frequency in both groups, the difference was not significant. Conclusion: There is no significant difference in epilepsy-related variables when patients are divided based on a cut-off age of 6 months. However, differences in the first symptom at onset and MRI findings were observed. Although lactate levels were not of significant diagnostic value in the early-onset group, they may be in the late-onset group.