• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.5-34
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• 2017

This study measured greening level on the 978 public libraries nationwide, making and distributing questionnaires based on green library evaluation indicators developed to measure the greening level of public libraries. As a result of analyzing the averages by evaluation area, among the green library evaluation areas, the whole average of the library resources was the highest by 1.93, and followed by land use and traffic 1.81, indoor environment 1.30, management of water circulation 1.20, etc. The greening evaluation area which shows the best strength in the surveyed public libraries, was the area of the library resource, and it turned out that it use spaces effectively like effective use of the entire area, effectiveness of conservation of books, use and management of eco-friendly products etc., or use the equipments in eco-friendly way which are purchased or used frequently in the libraries, and, as for the land use and traffic area, most of the libraries had bicycle racks, and chose the location of the libraries, considering accessibility to public transportation and a distance between central urban area and libraries. Also, it turns out that, in the area of materials and resources, most of the libraries were equipped with hand dryers and rolling towels and maintained the eco-friendly view.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.383-392
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• 2004

The power tools is the product using working power generated by electric motor. Many companies are manufacturing numerous devices. Main features of tools are included various assembled products, small, light and solid and durable enough to match several standards. Fundamental requirements for the product is excellent performance and convenience for use. The quality of them depends on the equipped motor'(s) capability, accuracy of gear and endurance against worn-out. By adapting the state-of-the-art parts, they could be used in the place from home to heavy industry broadly. They can be classified electronic drills, grinders, saws and sanders families for the household appliances. For industrial tools, bore drill, grinder, polisher, and driver drill are classified as special and high priced group. This study presents the strategy of power tool development of BOSCH, BLACK&DECKER and KEYANG. Their products were analyzed in terms of product line and product mix concept. Then they are examined by design elements, such as color, shape and material for housing. As an analysis method, the image scale parameter and criteria were applied to each company's product.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.343-352
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• 2004

Under the production system of a free market economy, the modern consumers'goods that feature current trends reveal diverse aspects of the whole society and culture. This phenomenon is progressing at such a rapid speed that theories can barely keep up to explain it dearly. It is believed that the reason for the lag in academic theories is the formation of pluralistic values in human lifestyles due to the development of science and information communication. The pluralism of values in contemporary society is being studied in many academic fields, and the design among these fields often sees such a phenomenon as one of the post-modernism concepts, where post-modernism suggests a diversification and dismantling of modernism. In other words, the current design is closely watching products that are totally different from existing products, from complex and conceptual outcomes in the field of design to products that reflect various trends. Thus, it is true that package design, which proactively reflects current trends, freely traverses among specific domains of various fields that have been determined tacitly. It is also believed that other fields are also reflecting the same developments. Such a phenomenon is strikingly revealed with so-called 'fancy products', while other products 'parody' package design. This study sees the phenomenon as dismantling the border between product design and package design. The examined package design reflects the broader characteristics of the times, based on current concepts and meanings, after reviewing design examples.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.416-429
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• 2018

Typhoons and floods are natural disasters that occur frequently, and the damage resulting from these disasters must be in advance predicted to establish appropriate responses. Direct damages such as building collapse, human casualties, and loss of farms and fields have more attention from people than indirect damages such as increase of consumer prices. But indirect damages also need to be considered for living. The agricultural products are typical consumer items affected by typhoons and floods. Sudden, powerful typhoons are mostly accompanied by heavy rains and damage agricultural products; this increases the retail price of such products. This study analyzes the influence of natural disasters on the price of agricultural products by using a deep learning algorithm. We decided rice, onion, green onion, spinach, and zucchini as target agricultural products, and used data on variables that influence the price of agricultural products to create a model that predicts the price of agricultural products. The result shows that the model's accuracy was about 0.069 measured by RMSE, which means that it could explain the changes in agricultural product prices. The accurate prediction on the price of agricultural products can be utilized by the government to respond natural disasters by controling amount of supplying agricultural products.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.355-383
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• 2019

This study is to investigate whether averting costs for wearing $anti-PM_{10}$ masks and using air purifiers at home to reduce exposure from $PM_{10}$ are influenced by subjective risk perceptions and/or objective $PM_{10}$ concentration levels, whose estimates will be used to measure the willingness to pay for $PM_{10}$ risk reduction. An empirical analysis was conducted on a sample of 1,224 respondents who participated in the web-based survey in the late October of 2017. As we reflect the potential endogeniety bias in the estimation of averting cost functions of using air purifiers, the coefficients of risk perception were differed by 6~7 times. Respondents. subjective risk perceptions were influenced by individuals' knowledge, attitudes and demographic variables, as well as the levels of $PM_{10}$ concentrations in their residential region. The marginal willingness to pay for risk reductions at the mean levels of their risk perceptions were measured at 1,000 won per month from wearing $anti-PM_{10}$ masks and 6,000 won for using air purifiers respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.108 no.1
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• pp.97-108
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• 2019

In a situation where production of short-term income forestry products has been stagnant or decreased in recent years, the government or related agencies are trying to promote consumption of short-term income forest products. While consumer sentiment studies on short-term income forestry are being conducted as part of efforts to encourage consumption, most of the studies rely solely on a survey-based method. In the information age, consumer sentiment toward consumer goods is reflected mostly on social networking sites due to the spread of the Internet. It is necessary to avoid relying solely on a survey-based method in existing research and directly analyze social networking sites that reflect consumers' wishes. In response, this study identified consumer preferences for major short-term income forest products through social big data analyses and used the results to establish strategies for promoting the sale of short-term income forest products. This paper is different from previous research using only a survey-based method, and it uses SNS to understand consumer preferences. The results of this study are expected to directly help the government or related agencies promote consumption of short-term income forest products and, ultimately, help improve forest-related income and promote healthy forest condition.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.113-139
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• 2016

This article tries to compare exchange relations between welfare and dictatorship in the East Germany and the North Korea. Unlike capitalist welfare aiming at correcting market results socialist welfare has been proposed to satisfy people's basic needs, but it had operated as instrument of dictatorship. Relation between welfare and dictatorship could be distinguished as hard exchange and soft one in line with social construction of welfare. Welfare-dictatorship relation in East Germany had developed from its formation(1949-1970s), crisis(1980s) and dissolution(1989-1990). There had established hard exchange relation in which the legitimacy of dominance had debted to welfare as social rights. While crisis of the exchange relation had been modest in a form of insufficient supply of consumption goods, it was one of the elements of collapse of dictatorship, leading to the unification with West Germany. The journey of the exchange relation in North Korea can be characterized by its formation(1948-1980), crisis(1990s-2000s), and transformation(2010s). Unlike East Germany, welfare was socially constructed as gift form the ruler to the ruled, which made the combination of welfare and dictatorship loosely coupled. Although economic crisis was severe compared to East German one the rulers have succeeded maintaining dictatorial dominance by creating dual exchange relation. They separated core group and subordinated one supporting the former at the expense of the latter. They blocked out most of the people from soft exchange relation making bad use of muddling-through life style dependent on market activities. This strategy led to a 'dictatorship neutral welfare extinction'. Taking the high degree of institutionalization of newly establishing welfare-dictatorship relation into account, lives of most people are hardly expected to be improved by gift by their rulers even if North Korean economy will recover in the future.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.172-183
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• 2021

The twenty-first century revealed the era of cultural contents with the growth of digital cultures. Accordingly, popular culture became the primary sector of the cultural industry, and among them, the roads on which people walk emerged as great content for the leisure and tourist industry. Walking has already become a commercial good, as each road's story is unique enough to attract numerous tourists. On roads are the development of history, movement of life, and various cultural channels. The old road development project contributes to the revitalization of the neighborhood and increases its competitiveness as cultural content, as it restores the ecological nature and rediscovers the value of the road from history and its culture. For Gangwon-do's road development project, a storytelling strategy is necessary to succeed as cultural tourism content. Specifically, when forming an image of the old roads, it is advantageous to develop a new story that suits modern people's aesthetic taste and lead communication between locals and tourists rather than borrowing and utilizing the existing facts. For instance, it is helpful to recreate the nostalgic and sentimental mood and combine the imagination based on the consumers' humanistic experiences to create their own participation. This paper demonstrates the historical value of the roads in Gangwon-do, precedents of other leading road development projects in South Korea, and development plans by storytelling for cultural contents in Gangwon-do.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.655-660
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• 2022

This paper analyzes the problem of the economic order quantity (lot size) of a retailer in a two-stage supply chain consisting of a supplier, a retailer(distributor), and a customer. In this two-stage supply chain, the supplier permits the retailer to defer payment for a certain fixed period of time for the purchase cost to be paid by the retailer as a price differentiation strategy with his competitor. In addition, in the case of customer goods such as food and grain, it is common to see that end-customer demand is generally depend on the level of inventory displayed by the retailer. From this perspective, this paper analyzes the inventory problem of retailers under the assumption that the supplier may allow a certain period to suspend payments for the purchase of goods and the end customer demand is a function of the retailer's inventory level increasing with size. In this regard, we need to analyze how much the length of the grace period for product purchase costs affect the retailer's lot-sizing policy. Therefore, we formulate the retailer's annual net profit and analyze the effect of the length of credit period on the retailer's inventory policy numerically.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.327-328
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• 2022

The recent spread of the corona pandemic and a temporary surge in demand for consumer goods have resulted in an increase in port cargo volume, and the resulting port congestion is coupled with a shortage of labor in the port, exacerbating the global supply chain chaos. Supply chain disruptions will increase logistics costs and ultimately increase global inflationary pressures. In this situation, the role of the port, which is the nodal point between land and sea, is gradually becoming more important. And fully automated ports that are operated unmanned are evaluated as being able to respond stably and flexibly by reducing operational risks in situations such as COVID-19. Therefore, this study compared the operational performance of fully automated and non-fully automated terminals within the same port before and after the corona outbreak, and analyzed the fully automated terminal was stable in actual operation. As a result of the analysis, the fully automated terminal showed stable operating efficiency in all aspects of operational performance compared to the non-fully automated terminal even under severe port congestion due to COVID-19.