• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.697-707
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• 2019

This review paper deals with materials, classification, and a current article investigation on smart textile sensors for wearable vital signs monitoring (WVSM). Smart textile sensors can lose electrical conductivity during vital signs monitoring when applying them to clothing. Because they should have to endure severe conditions (bending, folding, and distortion) when wearing. Imparting electrical conductivity for application is a critical consideration when manufacturing smart textile sensors. Smart textile sensors fabricate by utilizing electro-conductive materials such as metals, allotrope of carbon, and intrinsically conductive polymers (ICPs). It classifies as performance level, fabric structure, intrinsic/extrinsic modification, and sensing mechanism. The classification of smart textile sensors by sensing mechanism includes pressure/force sensors, strain sensors, electrodes, optical sensors, biosensors, and temperature/humidity sensors. In the previous study, pressure/force sensors perform well despite the small capacitance changes of 1-2 pF. Strain sensors work reliably at 1 ㏀/cm or lower. Electrodes require an electrical resistance of less than 10 Ω/cm. Optical sensors using plastic optical fibers (POF) coupled with light sources need light in-coupling efficiency values that are over 40%. Biosensors can quantify by wicking rate and/or colorimetry as the reactivity between the bioreceptor and transducer. Temperature/humidity sensors require actuating triggers that show the flap opening of shape memory polymer or with a color-changing time of thermochromic pigment lower than 17 seconds.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.477-484
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• 2009

It is important for the strategy of service to provide the weather information in the environment that the smart clothing has been changed focusing on the consumer center. Recently, the various applications of smart clothing concept have been presented by researchers and developers. Among them, the smart clothing based on the sensors is most likely to gain the highest demand rate in the market. In this paper, we proposed the life weather index monitoring system using the wearable based smart cap. By wearing the proposed smart cap, the weather status is gathered and its signals are transmitted to the connected UMPC. It can be easily monitored in real time. To provide the life weather index according to the sensors, the weather index was analyzed in terms of 6 factors, such as, the heat index, the food poisoning index, the discomfort index, the ultraviolet index, the water pipe freeze possibility index, and the windchill temperature index. Ultimately, this paper suggests empirical application to verify the adequacy and the validity with the life weather index monitoring system. Accordingly, the satisfaction and the quality of services will be improved the smart clothing.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.13-22
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• 2011

This study investigated the influence of product attribute on initial trust and purchase intention of sensor-based smart clothing. Questionnaires were administered to 256 university students in Daegu, Korea. The results were as follows: First, there were 5 factor solutions in product attribute of smart clothing; comfortableness, health usefulness, management easiness, safety, and aesthetic appearance. Second, there were significant effects on initial trust in heath usefulness, management easiness and safety. Third, there were significant effects on purchase intention in health usefulness, management easiness and aesthetic appearance. Fourth, there was a significant effect on purchase intention in initial trust.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2013.11a
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• pp.593-595
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• 2013

유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅은 IT기술을 기반으로, 의료 도시환경 건축 의류 등 사회 전반적인 분야로 확대되고 있다. 특히, 의료 기술의 발전과 고령인구의 증가, 삶의 질 향상에 대한 사람들의 욕구는 점점 헬스케어 산업의 중요성을 부각시켜주고 있다. 본 논문에서는 사용자 생체정보 측정을 위해 통신이 가능한 디지털 의류를 제작하여 생체신호를 측정할 수 있는 시스템을 제안하였다. 디지털 의류는 심전도 센서, 디지털 실, 모듈을 통해 구성되어 있으며 이를 안드로이드 어플리케이션을 통하여 스마트폰과 통신하도록 개발 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.202-205
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• 2009

체력이나 건강을 위한 트레이닝이나 심장 질환자의 생체신호 모니터링을 위해 다양하게 사용되는 심전도는 현재 여러가지 장비형태로 사용되고 있다. 최근에는 착용자가 인식하지 않고 손쉽고 편안한 방법으로 측정하거나 모니터링 할 수 있는 형태의 생체신호 모니터링 의복에 관한 연구가 많이 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 20대 남성의 체표면 분석을 통해 심전도 검출이 가능한 일체형 의복을 설계하고 제작된 시제품의 착의평가를 진행하였다. 심전도 측정이 가장 효과적인 흉부 부분을 중심으로 심전도 데이터 추출 정확성을 위해 다층구조로 센서를 설계하고, 흉부의 움직임을 최소화하여 노이즈를 감소할 수 있는 디자인을 제안한 결과, 심전도 데이터 추출 정확성 및 편의성은 향상되고 노이즈는 감소하는 결과를 도출하였다.

• Fiber Technology and Industry
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2004

급속한 반도체 기술의 발전은 획기적인 컴퓨터 및 통신기술의 발전을 가져왔고 초고속 정보화를 가속화시켜 통신의 패러다임과 인류의 생활패턴을 바꾸어 놓았다. 또한 컴퓨터의 초소형 출력장치와 저장장치 및 센서나 음성 인식을 기반으로 한 컴퓨터 입력 방식의 변화, 이동통신 발전 등을 통합한 새로운 컴퓨팅 시대를 요구하고 있다. 1990년대까지의 컴퓨터 기술은 대형컴퓨터에서 고정형태의 개인용 컴퓨터로 발전하였고, 최근에는 노트북을 비롯한 여러 가지 형태의 휴대용 컴퓨터의 등장으로 컴퓨터를 가지고 다니는 포터블(portable) 시대를 지나 반도체와 통신 기술 등의 발전에 힘입어 몸에 지니는, 입고 다니는(wearable)웨어러블 시대에 접어들었다. 따라서 사용자의 몸에 부착시키고 다니면서 언제 어디서든지 컴퓨터와 네트워킹을 하여 사용할 수 있는 디지털 의류를 필요하게 되었다.(중략)

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.733-745
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• 2016

This paper provides a review of wearable textile strain sensors that can measure the deformation of the body surface according to the movements of the wearer. In previous studies, the requirements of textile strain sensors, materials and fabrication methods, as well as the principle of the strain sensing according to sensor structures were understood; furthermore, the factors that affect the sensing performance were critically reviewed and application studies were examined. Textile strain sensors should be able to show piezoresistive effects with consistent resistance-extension in response to the extensional deformations that are repeated when they are worn. Textile strain sensors with piezoresistivity are typically made using conductive yarn knit structures or carbon-based fillers or conducting polymer filler composite materials. For the accuracy and reliability of textile strain sensors, fabrication technologies that would minimize deformation hysteresis should be developed and processes to complement and analyze sensing results based on accurate understanding of the sensors' resistance-strain behavior are necessary. Since light-weighted, flexible, and highly elastic textile strain sensors can be worn by users without any inconvenience so that to enable the users to continuously collect data related to body movements, textile strain sensors are expected to become the core of human interface technologies with a wide range of applications in diverse areas.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.83-90
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is for fundamental research of meditation smart wear for physical and mental healing, and researching method for monitoring phase of meditation through textile by measuring the number of abdominal respiration when meditating. For this purpose, the research implemented Single Wall Carbon Nano-Tube (SWCNT) based strain gauges type textile sensor, considered reliability and validity of respiratory sensing, and analyzed efficiency of respiratory sensing based on body parts comparatively. The first preliminary experiment was to evaluate the performance of textile sensor through abdominal model dummy which open and shut of 5 cm repeatedly for 2 minutes at the rate of 0.1Hz in order to simulate abdominal respiration. It concluded signal efficiency between reference sensor(BIOPAC) and textile respiratory sensor appears statistically significant (p<0.001). The second experiment were conducted with 4 subjects doing abdominal respiration under same conditions, and after comparing the signal values between two sensors from 4 attached locations(around center and sides of omphali and phren), center of omphali and sides of phren were selected as suitable location for measuring meditational breathing as they showed large and stable signals. In result, this research aimed for implementing of the textile sensor for sensing meditational breathing of long respiration cycle, review of reliability and validity for sensing number of meditational respiration with the sensor and consideration of sensing efficiency by sensing location on body parts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.577-592
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• 2023

In this study, nanofiber-based textile sensors were developed for motion detection and monitoring. Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers containing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and silver nanowires (AgNW) were fabricated using electrospinning. PVDF was chosen as a piezoelectric polymer, zinc oxide as a piezoelectric ceramic, and AgNW as a metal to improve electric conductivity. The PVDF/ZnO/AgNW nanocomposite fibers were used to develop a textile sensor, which was then incorporated into an elbow band to develop a wearable smart band. Changes in the output voltage and peak-to-peak voltage (V_p-p) generated by the joint's flexion and extension were investigated using a dummy elbow. The β-phase crystallinity of pure PVDF nanofibers was 58% when analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; however, the β-phase crystallinity increased to 70% in PVDF nanofibers containing ZnO and to 78% in PVDF nanocomposite fibers containing both ZnO and AgNW. The textile sensor's output voltage values varied with joint-bending angle; upon increasing the joint angle from 45° to 90° to 150°, the V_p-p value increased from 0.321 V_p-p to 0.542 V_p-p to 0.660 V_p-p respectively. This suggests that the textile sensor can be used to detect and monitor body movements.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.205-209
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• 2002

인체의 피부온도는 쾌적성과 감성에 크게 영향을 미치며 의류의 개발이나 건축환경의 설계 등에 활용되고 있다. 단순히 몇몇 측정점에서의 피부온도 데이터가 아니라 인체표면에 걸친 온도분포를 파악함으로써 다양한 정보를 이용하여 보다 광범위한 응용분야에 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 현재 인체표면의 온도분포를 측정하기 위하여 대부분 적외선 열화상 카메라를 활용하고 있다 그러나 열화상 카메라는 서미스터 등을 이용한 피부온 센서에 비하여 온도분해능이 떨어지며 특히 의복내의 피부온을 측정하는 것이 불가능하고 노출된 인체표면에 대해서만 측정이 가능하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 피부온 센서를 이용한 인체표면 온도분포 측정시스템을 개발하기 위하여 각 센서의 위치와 간격, 그리고 인체 곡면을 따라서 보간법에 따라 온도분포 결과에 미치는 영향을 파악하고 적외선 화상 결과와 비교하고자 한다.