• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2024.01a
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• pp.17-18
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• 2024

악성 흉수의 진단은 세포학적 검사로 암세포를 확인하는 것이 필수적이며 진단율은 50~80%로 나타난다. 양성자 단층 촬영은 비침습적으로 암 병기를 평가하는 유용한 방법이다. 하지만 암이 아닌 다른 원인으로 인한 포도당 대사로 인하여 양전자 단층 촬영만으로 악성 흉수를 진단하는 데 어려움이 있다. 악성 흉수 자동 진단 모델은 암세포를 진단하는데 있어서 보조적인 역할이 가능하다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 컨볼루션 신경망 기반의 딥러닝 모델을 개발하여 악성 흉수 진단 성능을 확인하고 진단의 보조적 목적으로써 딥러닝의 사용 가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 결과적으로 모델 전반적으로 accuracy 0.7~0.86의 높은 성능을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 실제 의료 환경에서 악성 흉수를 진단하는데 딥러닝 모델이 보조적인 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.239-244
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• 2015

Each biological tissue has endemic electrical characteristics owing to various differences such as those in cellular arrangement or organization form. The endemic electrical characteristics change when any biological change occurs. This work is a preliminary study surveying the changes in the electrical characteristics of biological tissue caused by radiation exposure. For protection aganinst radiation hazards, therefore the electrical characteristics of living tissue were evaluated after development of the automatic control measurement system using LabVIEW. No alteration of biological tissues was observed before and after measurement of the electrical characteristics, and the biblogical tissues exhibited similar patterns. Through repeated measurements using the impedance/gain-phase analyzer, the coefficient of variation was determined as within 10%. The reproducibility impedance phase difference in electrical characteristics of the biological tissue did not change, and the tissue had resistance. The absolute value of impedance decreased constantly in proportion to the frequency. It has become possible to understand the electrical characteristics of biological tissues through the measurements made possible by the use of the developed. automatic control system.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 2007

In Korea, hepatoma is the thirdly frequent cause of death from cancer occupying 17.2% among the whole deaths from cancer and the rate of death from hepatoma comes to about 21's persons per one-hundred thousand ones. This paper proposes an automatic method for the extraction of areas being suspicious as hepatoma from a CT scan and evaluates the availability as an auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of hepatoma. For detecting tumors in the internal of the liver from CT scans, first, an area of the liver is extracted from about $45{\sim}50's$ CT scans obtained by scanning in 2.5-mm intervals starting from the lower part of the chest. In the extraction of an area of the liver, after unconcerned areas outside of the ribs being removed, areas of the internal organs are separated and enlarged by using intensity information of the CT scan. The area of the liver is extracted among separated areas by using information on position and morphology of the liver. Since hepatoma is a hypervascular turner, the area corresponding to hepatoma appears more brightly than the surroundings in contrast-enhancement CT scans, and when hepatoma shows expansile growth, the area has a spherical shape. So, for the extraction of areas of hepatoma, areas being brighter than the surroundings and globe-shaped are selected as candidate ones in an area of the liver, and then, areas appearing at the same position in successive CT scans among the candidates are discriminated as hepatoma. For the performance evaluation of the proposed method, experiment results obtained by applying the proposed method to CT scans were compared with the diagnoses by radiologists. The evaluation results showed that all areas of the liver and liver tumors were extracted exactly and the proposed method has a high availability as an auxiliary diagnosis tools for the discrimination of liver tumors.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.154-162
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• 2003

In this paper, Associative Memory with Cellular Neural Networks classifies and recognizes image patterns as an operator applied to image process. CNN processes nonlinear data in real-time like neural networks, and made by cell which communicates with each other directly through its neighbor cells as the Cellular Automata does. It is applied to the optimization problem, associative memory, pattern recognition, and computer vision. Image processing with CNN is appropriate to 2-D images, because each cell which corresponds to each pixel in the image is simultaneously processed in parallel. This paper shows the method for designing the structure of associative memory based on CNN and getting output image by choosing the most appropriate weight pattern among the whole learned weight pattern memories. Each template represents weight values between cells and updates them by learning. Hebbian rule is used for learning template weights and LMS algorithm is used for classification.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.383-384
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• 2013

본 연구는 스포츠용 탄력 압박 스타킹(Essential compression calf sleeve, SKINS, Australia)을 착용하고 최대 운동을 하였을 때, 하지 부종에 어떠한 효과가 있는지를 알아보고자 한다. 실험 대상자는 젊은 성인 남녀 30명으로(남자 15명, 여자15명) 근 골격계 및 심혈관계에 특이 병력이나 사고에 의한 외상 등이 없었으며, 규칙적으로 운동을 하는 자는 제외하였다. 대상자들의 신체적 특성을 파악하기 위해서 자동 신장계(BSM330, Biospace, Korea)를 사용하였다. 부종정도를 알기위해서 줄자로 운동 전후의 장딴지 근(종아리)의 둘레와 체성분 분석기(InBody 720, Biospace, Korea)를 사용하여 하지의 부종 수치를 측정하였다. 최대의 운동은 호흡가스 분석기와 연결된 트레이드밀(CPEX-1, IRS, Japan)을 사용하여 변형된 BRUCE Protocol TR-3에 따라 호흡 교환율(R) 값이 1.15이상 되거나 all-out 될 때까지 하였다. 실험 대상자들은 동일 집단으로 전이효과를 방지하기 위하여 일주일의 간격을 두고 스포츠 탄력 압박 스타킹 착용 유무에 따른 동일한 실험을 두 번 하였다. 측정은 최대 운동 전후의 장딴지 근(종아리)의 둘레와 부종 수치를 하였다. 스포츠용 탄력 압박 스타킹 착용 유무와 운동 전후를 비교하기 위하여 MANOVA(다변량 분산분석)를 사용하였고 유의수준은 .05로 설정하였다. 탄력 압박 스타킹을 착용한 상태에서 최대 운동 전후의 부종 정도를 측정한 결과 스타킹을 착용하지 않았을 때 운동 전후의 둘레가 유의하게 증가하였고(p<0.05), 스타킹을 착용 하였을 때 운동 전후의 둘레가 유의하게 증가하지 않았다(p>0.05). 부종 수치(세포외액/전체체액)는 탄력 압박 스타킹을 착용하였을 때 오른쪽 다리는 유의하지 않게 감소하였고(p>0.05), 왼쪽 다리는 유의하게 감소하였다(p>0.05). 탄력 압박 스타킹을 착용하고 운동할 경우 하지의 부종 경감에 어느 정도 효과가 있다고 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.97-105
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• 2011

In rivers and streams, biofilms are thin layers of greenish-brown slime attached to rocks, plants, and other surfaces. Biofilms play key roles in primary production and cycling of nutrients, water quality remediation, suspended sediment removal, and energy flow to higher trophic levels. In the present study, we developed a two-dimensional cellular automata model to simulate mixed biofilms of toxin-sensitive and toxin-producing species in hydrodynamic flow. The flow was generated by a stochastic process for uniform flow and by using the Navier-Stokes equation for non-uniform flow. Minimized local rules governing reproduction and mortality of the species were executed in the self-organizing processes to elucidate interactions between toxin-producing and toxin-sensitive species in competition over nutrients. We briefly discuss the morphology of the simulated biofilm under different flow conditions.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.267-273
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• 2011

In this paper, we proposed the method to detect brain tumor region in MR images. Our method is composed of 3 parts, detection of tumor slice, detection of tumor region and tumor boundary detection. In the tumor slice detection step, a slice which contains tumor regions is distinguished using symmetric analysis in 3D brain volume. The tumor region detection step is the process to segment the tumor region in the slice distinguished as a tumor slice. And tumor region is finally detected, using spatial feature and symmetric analysis based on the cluster information. The process for detecting tumor slice and tumor region have advantages which are robust for noise and requires less computational time, using the knowledge of the brain tumor and cluster-based on symmetric analysis. And we use the level set method with fast marching algorithm to detect the tumor boundary. It is performed to find the tumor boundary for all other slices using the initial seeds derived from the previous or later slice until the tumor region is vanished. It requires less computational time because every procedure is not performed for all slices.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.82-92
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• 2023

Urine sediments are performed by a microscopic examination of centrifuged urine by medical technologists. This study examined different urine sediment preparation procedures. The 107 fresh urine specimens that tested positive from white blood cells (WBCs) and red blood cells (RBCs) in the urine dipstick test and the cobas u 701 analyzer, respectively, were selected for manual microscopy. This study evaluated an automated urine sediment analyzer and three manual microscopy methods for WBCs and RBCs. The methods were performed according to the test guidelines. The coefficients of determination between the cobas u 701 analyzer and the Korean Association of Quality Assurance for Clinical Laboratory (KAQACL) for WBCs and RBCs were r2=0.977 and r2=0.970, respectively. The concordance rates between the cobas u 701 analyzer and KAQACL for WBCs and RBCs were 74.8% and 77.6%, respectively. A good correlation and concordance with the automatic analyzer were shown when the specimens were prepared and examined using the KAQACL method. Consequently, the differences in the urine sediment preparation procedures affected the sediment concentrations, influencing the cell number per high power field (HPF).

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.47-62
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• 2020

The snake detection theory posits that, due to competition with snakes, the primate visual system has been evolved to detect camouflaged snakes. Specifically, one of its hypotheses states that the subcortical visual pathway mainly consisting of koniocellular cells enables humans to automatically detect the threat of snakes without consuming mental resources. Here we tested the hypothesis by comparing human participants' responses to snakes with those to fearful faces and flowers. Participants viewed either original images or converted ones, which lacked the differences in color, luminance, contrast, and spatial frequency energies between categories. While participants in Experiment 1 produced valence and arousal ratings to each image, those in Experiment 2 detected target images in the breaking continuous flash suppression (bCFS) paradigm. As a result, visual factors influenced the responses to snakes most strongly. After minimizing visual differences, snakes were rated as being less negative and less arousing, and detected more slowly from suppression. In contrast, the images of the other categories were less affected by image conversion. In particular, fearful faces were rated as greater threats and detected more quickly than other categories. In addition, for snakes, changes in arousal ratings and those in bCFS response times were negatively correlated: Those snake images, the arousal ratings of which decreased, produced increased detection latency. These findings suggest that the influence of snakes on human responses to threat is limited relative to fearful faces, and that detection responses in bCFS share common processing mechanisms with conscious ratings. In conclusion, the current study calls into question the assumption that snake detection in humans is a product of unconscious subcortical visual processing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1992.05a
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• pp.47-47
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• 1992

$\beta$수용체에 대한 차단약으로 propranolol이 1964년에 도입된 후, 현재까지 수십여종의 $\beta$-차단약이 개발되었다. 그중 특이 $\beta$1 수용체에 대해 선택적인 억제효과를 지닌 atenolol, metoprolol, betaxolol, celiprolol 및 최근에 bisoprolol 등이 개발되어 임상적으로 부정맥, 협심증, 고혈압의 치료에 사용되고 있다. 그 작용기전으로는 심박출량의 감소, renin 유리억제, 중추억제효과 등이 제시되고 있으나, 이들의 약효검색은 주로 $\beta$1수용체가 많이 존재하는 심장에 대한 억제효과를 중심으로 실시한다. 즉, SHR 및 개를 사용한 생체실험과 심장, 심방 ($\beta$1) 및 기완지, 혈관($\beta$2)을 이용한 적출장기실험을 통하여 isoproterenol에 대한 억제효과를 용량반응 곡선으로 그리고, Van rossum 법에 의해 pA$_2$ 치를 구하여 $\beta$-차단제의 효력을 평가한다. 특히, pA$_2$ 치가 클수록 $\beta$-차단제의 효력이 큰 약물이다. 또한 수용체 결합실험으로 소의 심실 세포막을 분리하여 $^3$H-DHA 와의 결합실험을 통해 해리항수(Kd) 를 측정하고, 이어서 $^3$H-DHA의 일정농도와 함께 미지의 $\beta$-차단제를 여러 농도로 변화시켜 가하여 치환곡선을 작성한다. 여기에서 얻은 치환약의 $IC_{50}$/ 치로부터 치환약의 해리항수(Ki)를 산출한다. 이때 약물과 수용체의 친화력은 해리항수의 역수이므로 해리항수가 적을수록 $\beta$ 수용체에 대한 친화력이 큰 약물이다. 시사되었으며, 이 조직에서 또한 5-$HT_2$와 5-$HT_3$ 수용체의 존재를 확인하고 각각의 기능을 분명히 했다.가 수월하게 하였고 메모리를 동적으로 관리할 수 있게 하였다. 또한 기존의 smpl에 디버깅용 함수 및 설비(facility) 제어용 함수를 추가하여 시뮬레이션 프로그램 작성을 용이하게 하였다. 예를 들면 who_server(), who_queue(), pop_Q(), push_Q(), pop_server(), push_server(), we(), wf(), printfct() 같은 함수들이다. 또한 동시에 발생되는 사건들의 순서를 조종하기 위해, 동시에 발생할 수 있는 각각의 사건에 우선순위를 두어 이 우선 순위에 의하여 사건 리스트(event list)에서 자동적으로 사건들의 순서가 결정되도록 확장하였으며, 설비 제어방식에 있어서도 FIFO, LIFO, 우선 순위 방식등을 선택할 수 있도록 확장하였다. SIMPLE는 자료구조 및 프로그램이 공개되어 있으므로 프로그래머가 원하는 기능을 쉽게 추가할 수 있는 장점도 있다. 아울러 SMPLE에서 새로이 추가된 자료구조와 함수 및 설비제어 방식등을 활용하여 실제 중형급 시스템에 대한 시뮬레이션 구현과 시스템 분석의 예를 보인다._3$", chain segment, with the activation energy of carriers from the shallow trap with 0.4[eV], in he amorphous regions.의 증발산율은 우기의 기상자료를 이용하여 구한 결과 0.05 - 0.10 mm/hr 의 범위로서 이로 인한 강우손실량은 큰 의미가 없음을 알았다.재발이 나타난 3례의 환자를 제외한 9례 (75%)에서는 현재까지 재발소견을 보이지 않고 있다. 이러한 결과는 다른 보고자들과 유사한 결과를 보이고 있지만 아직까지 증례가 많지 않기 때문에 생존율을 얻기에는 미흡한 점이