• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.61-88
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• 2018

This paper examines the impact of internal migration on wage growth among college graduates using Propensity Score Matching methods. We define migration as moving between Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) and non-SMA based on the locations of graduates' first and second jobs. We also take the direction of migration into account for examining the wage premium in SMA. In order to estimate the impact of migration on wage growth, we use the Graduate Occupational Mobility Survey (2010GOMS) coupled with other supplementary data such as College Scholastic Ability Test score and local characteristic variables. The results reveals that graduates moving from SMA to non-SMA do not experience significant wage growth. However, we find that graduates moving from non-SMA to SMA experience an increase in their monthly wage about 170,000~186,000 KRW on average (9.5~10.3% of their monthly wage on the first job).

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.61-89
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• 2009

This paper undertakes an international study on impacts of private education spending on student academic performance, using the OECD's PISA 2006 data. To circumvent endogeneity of the education spending, it relies on a propensity-score matching method. The empirical results suggest thai the effect of private education spending remains only modest for all the countries examined in the PISA 2006 data. A 10 percent increase in spending leads to no more than a 0.6 percent average improvement in test scores.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 2013

This study was aimed to examine effects of the assistive technology program that has purpose to maintain and promote employment of persons with disabilities. An administrative data constructed by the Korea Employment Agency for the Disabled(KEAD) was utilized. Propensity score matching were used as analysis methods to minish sample selection bias caused by nonrandom sampling. As a result, turnover rate of people with disabilities who used assistive technology device was lower compared to persons with disabilities did not use assistive technology device. Also, in terms of company, for employment promotion effect on the persons with disabilities, company that provided assistive technology device was higher than that of company did not provide assistive technology device. Finally, assistive technology devices were effective in the employment area was confirmed.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.39-50
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• 2022

Based on the signaling theory, this study examined whether startups are more likely to attract venture investment when receiving government R&D subsidies. First, we reviewed previous studies of the investment decision-making process of venture capitalists and understood the conditions that influence investment decisions. Based on previous studies on the signal effect of government subsidies, particularly government R&D grants, on inducing private fund investment, this study revealed a mechanism to induce venture investment by startups. In addition, in order to verify whether government R&D subsidies have the effect of inducing venture investment, an empirical analysis was conducted based on data from startups under seven years and certified as a venture companies in 2021. This paper used PSM(Propensity Score Matching) method and DID(Difference In Difference) analysis for an empirical study to analyze the average treatment effect on the treated group(beneficiary startups of government R&D grants). As a result of empirical analysis, companies that receive more government R&D subsidies after starting a business are more likely to attract venture investment. From two to three years after conducting the first government R&D project, startups that received government R&D grants attracted more venture investment than those that did not. The results of this paper demonstrate that government R&D projects can also affect the venture investment ecosystem, giving policy implications to government R&D projects targeting startups. It is also expected to suggest strategic implications to startups that need new funding.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.527-556
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• 2019

In Korea, nearly 100 billion won is spent annually under the name of energy voucher on 600,000 households for the last five years, and this is a unique case and hard to monitor worldwide. Therefore, no studies have been conducted to assess impacts of the energy voucher on energy consumption and cost burden alleviation for beneficiaries. This paper aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of energy vouchers in terms of energy expense. The propensity score matching was conducted on samples of low-income households based on the Korea Welfare Panel. Then, simple Difference-In-Differences and Fixed-Effect Difference-In-Differences models were applied to estimate the effect of energy vouchers. In results, the beneficiaries of energy vouchers would spend an additional 4,371~4,870 won per month on energy consumption. The ratio is equivalent to 51.9~57.7 percent of the aid, which is also the highest when compared with 23~56 percent of U.S. Food Stamp. In terms of energy welfare, voucher payment could become one of the best management practices. However, identifying the blind spots as non-reciprocal households and expanding the differential support mechanism that reflects the energy consumption environment should be solved in the future.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.27-43
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• 2024

Recently, the importance of trademarks as a core resource of corporate competitiveness to protect and differentiate products and services is increasing. Global companies are focusing hard to secure trademark rights to manage brands that reflect their core values and to respond to increasingly frequent trademark disputes, while start-ups and individuals are working hard to secure trademark to run stable businesses and attract investment funds. Meanwhile, this study conducts an empirical analysis to identify the relationship between the brand and business strategy of domestic venture startups. The analysis data used was the response data of 2,230 corporate companies from the 2021 Venture Business Precision Survey, and the propensity score matching method, structural equation model analysis, and binomial logit analysis were used as analysis methods. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that domestic venture startups' trademark ownership does not make a significant difference in terms of the level of business strategy. This was confirmed to be because the brands of domestic venture start-ups mainly advance their business strategies only through the internal competency process, while the advancement of business strategies through the external competency process is very minimal. Meanwhile, it was confirmed that the level of cost advantage strategy among the business strategy levels of venture start-ups strengthens the tendency to hold trademarks, indicating that the higher the completeness of the cost advantage level, the more likely it is to expand trademark ownership for stable sales and supply of products and services through trademark ownership and to convert to high value-added in the future.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2016

Objectives: It has been well documented that people on the lower socioeconomic position are significantly more likely to smoke cigarettes. The purposes of this study were (a) to identify a potential difference of socioeconomic factors, and (b) to compare a smoking rate, one of the most representative health behavior between people with/without disabilities after the controlling socioeconomic factors. Methods: The Korea Panel Survey of Employment for People of Disabilities (2012) and the Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (2012) were employed for calculating the smoking rates of persons with/without disabilities. Results: The results demonstrated that the socioeconomic position indicators (education, occupation and household equivalent income) of persons with disabilities were lower than persons without disabilities. The smoking rates of the persons with/without disabilities were 35.9% and 19.0% respectively before propensity score matching. After propensity score matching with the socioeconomic factors, however, ATT of people with disabilities was 0.201 which is lower than ATT of people without disabilities (0.227). Conclusions: Our findings indicated that the socioeconomic level of persons with disabilities is important to improve the smoking rates and health level regardless of their disabilities.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.358-386
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• 2015

The aim of this paper is to evaluate policy impact of Inno-biz verification and Venture verification, especially focusing on the complementarity effect according to the overlapped support in Korean ICT industry. Alongside the implementation of various government innovation policies, discussions regarding evaluations of such policies have been consistently undertaken in economics, because it is very important to evaluate whether public policies have played a proper role. However, one of the distinguished point of this research from previous studies is that this paper not only includes evaluations of a single policy, but also the discussion about interaction between different innovation policies. The main result of this paper is that, in the case of overlapping homogeneous policies such as Inno-biz and venture verification, the complementarity effect is negative. Compared with previous studies, the uniqueness of this research is as follows. First, deviating from the view of previous studies that focused on the evaluation of a single policy, this paper has considered interactions and the complementarity effect of innovation policy through "policy mix," an economic term. Second, based on this concept, the paper suggests an analysis framework for the evaluation of interactions and the complementarity effect of innovation policy.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.57-69
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• 2023

In a situation where digital transformation using artificial intelligence is active around the world, the growth of domestic AI companies or AI industrial ecosystems is slow. Where a large amount of government funds related to AI are being invested to overcome the difficult economic situation, systematic research on the effect is insufficient. So, this study aimed to examine the policy effectiveness of the government artificial intelligence solution voucher support project for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) using Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and Difference-in-Differences (DID) on the financial performance of beneficiary companies. For empirical analysis, PSM-DID analysis was performed using sales performance since 2019 for 461 companies with a history of voucher support among the AI SMEs data released by the National IT Industry Promotion Agency. As a result of the analysis, the beneficiary companies' asset growth, salary, and R&D expenses increased overall after government support, and no significant contribution could be confirmed in terms of profits. This study suggests that the voucher policy business directly contributed to the company's growth in the short term, but it requires a certain period of time to generate profits.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.85-101
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• 2022

This study analyzed the performance of the national fishing port development project, which lacked ex-post impact evaluation despite a lot of investment in terms of fishery income opportunities. Using micro data from the Census of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, the sales amount of fishery products and the proportion of fishery-related businesses were used as performance indicators. The fishery households in the fishing port area (treatment group) and those not in the area (control group) were classified through data pre-processing, and factors unrelated to the fishing ports were controlled using the propensity score matching difference-in-difference method. The analysis target is six fishing ports with large investment in from 2010 to 2014. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that the sales of fishery products increased significantly in four of the six fishing ports, and the proportion of fishery-related businesses increased in two fishing ports. The analysis method of this study can be fully utilized in the evaluation of the Fishing Community New Deal 300 Project, which is in need of performance analysis.