• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2011

서 론 : 미세갑상선유두상암종 환자에서 불필요한 예방적 중앙 림프절절제술을 피하기 위해서 림프절 전이를 수술 전에 예측하는 수단이 필요하다. 림프관 생성 및 성장의 조절에 VEGF-C/D, VEGFR-3 pathway, podoplain이 관여된다는 사실이 밝혀져 있다. 림프관 생성 및 성장과 관련된 인자인 VEGF-C/D, podoplanin에 대한 면역조직화학염색과 반정량적 분석을 통해 미세갑상선유두상암종에서 림프절전이와의 관련성을 확인하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 2006년 9월부터 2008년 6월까지 본원에서 미세갑상선유두상암종으로 진단받고 1인 술자에 의해 갑상선 전 절제술 및 예방적 중앙 림프절절제술을 받은 104명의 환자 중 중앙 림프절 전이가 있었던 환자와 없었던 환자를 각각 25명씩 무작위로 선별하여 종양부위에 면역화학염색을 실시하여 림프관생성인자의 발현 정도를 비교하였다. 결 과 : 대상군 50예 중 VEGF-C/D는 50예(100%) 모두 발현이 되었고 podoplanin은 33예(66%)에서 발현이 되었다. 그 중 VEGF-C는 10예(20%)에서 약한 양성, 37예(74%)에서 중등도 양성, 3예(6%)에서 강한 양성소견을 보였고 VEGF-D는 9예(18%)에서 약한 양성, 37예(74%)에서 중등도 양성, 4예(8%)에서 강한 양성소견을 보였다. 중앙 림프절 전이 음성 환자 군과 양성 환자 군으로 분류하였을 때 VEGF-C/D의 발현율의 차이는 p-value가 각각 0.48, 1.00으로 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 50예 전체를 대상으로 하여 종양의 개수, 최대크기, 검출된 전체 림프절의 수, 양성 림프절의 수, 주변조직 침범여부에 따른 VEGF-C/D의 발현도 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. Podoplanin의 경우 염색 여부에 따라 양성군과 음성군으로 나누어 분석하였을 때 종양의 개수, 최대크기, 검출된 림프절의 수, 양성 림프절의 수, 주변조직 침범여부도 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : VEGF-C/D는 대상군 전체(100%)에서 발현이 되었고 podoplanin은 66%에서 발현이 되었다. 림프관 생성인자로 알려진 VEGF-C/D및 podoplanin이 미세갑상선유두상암종에서 많이 발현이 되는 것으로 보아 위 인자들이 림프절 전이를 일으키는 인자 중 하나로 생각된다. 하지만 미세갑상선유두상암종에서 중앙 림프절 전이를 예측할 수 있는 인자로 부적합 한 것으로 생각되며 향후 더 많은 증례를 통해 관련성 여부에 대한 연구가 필요하고 또 다른 인자의 관련성에 대해서 연구가 필요하겠다.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.117-124
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• 1993

It was found that the basic principle of continuous crystal growth method was following as; the powder supplied from the feeding system is molten in the graphite crucible under the ambient gas. After forming the molten zone in the lower part of the crucible, the seed crystal is deeped into the melt and pulled down with the rotation so that the melt crystallized from the seed. When the lowering rate, rotation rate, feeding rate and temperature are correct, the single crystal can grow. The critical melt level, the feeding rate, the growth rate, the change of the shape of molten zone by the graphite susceptor and crucible, the position of work coil, the balance between the gravitational force of melt and the centrifugal force originated from the rotation of seed which are the variables of the crystal growth and the sintering phenomenon of melt surface were researched.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.614-620
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the growth plate, femoral bone length, bone mineral density, and blood composition in various experimental animals fed with oriental medicinal herbs containing growth factors. First, the lengths of the bone growth plates of the positive control (PC) group (fed with Astragalus membranaceus) and the Gh-199 and Sh-188 groups were increased when compared to group N. The Gh-199 group showed a greater increase in bone growth when compared with the PC group. In terms of the femoral bone length and bone mineral density, the effect of both Gh-199 and Sh-188 powders were as good as those of the PC group, and the Gh-199 powder showed a positive effect. Conversely, in the PC group, unlike the Gh-199 and Sh-188 groups, the aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) activities in the blood were increased, indicating that A. membranaceus is toxic to the body. Both the PC and Sh-188 groups also showed higher insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) activity when compared with the Gh-199 group. Overall, the bone growth plate, femoral bone length, and bone mineral density measurements, and the blood analysis showed positive results in the group treated with Gh-199, and no specific toxicity of the herbal medicine in the body was evident.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.255-260
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• 1994

원시생식세포(primordial germ cell; PGC)는 성성숙 이후에 기능을 갖는 생식세포의 근원이 되는 세포로서, 다능성을 갖고 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러므로 chimera 및 유전자 변환동물 생산을 위해 널리 사용되어 온 배아주(embrynic stem; ES)세포를 대신할 다른 세포계라고 생각되어져 많은 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 실험은 체외배양을 통하여 원시생식세포의 증식과 확립을 위해 배양조건을 구명하고, 또한 성장인자의 효과를 검증하기 위하여 실시되었다. 원시생식세포는 12.5일째의 ICR 생쥐태아의 원시생식선 융기조직으로부터 추출하였으며, DMEM + 20% FCS + nucleosides + antibiotics로 조성된 sDMEM 배양액을 사용하여 mitomycin C로 전처리한 되먹임세포단층(feeder layer)위에서 체외배양하였다. bFGF 및 LIF를 20, 40ng/ml농도로 각각 또는 함께 첨가하여 성장인자의 효과를 검토하였다. 원시생식세포는 성에 따라 유의적인 colony 형성율을 보였고(♂:1.9 colonies / genital ridge, ♀:1.3 colonies / genital ridge), bFGF 및 LIF의 첨가 및 첨가농도에 따라서도 유의성 있는 결과를 보였다(0.3~1.9 colonies / genital riege). 그러나 3회 이상 계대배양을 할 경우, 원시생식세포의 colony를 4% prarformaldehyde로 20분간 고정한 후, tris-maleate buffer(pH 9.0)로 10분간 3회 세정하였다. Fast Red로 염색을 실시한 결과, 대부분의 colony가 염색반응을 보여 다능성을 갖는 원시생식세포의 colony임이 입증되었다. 그러나 대부분의 colony가 3회 이상의 계대배양시 생종율이 급격히 떨어지는 것을 감안하면, 또 다른 미지의 성장인자나 보다 적절한 배양조건이 요구된다고 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2008

In this study, external and internal pit growth rate model and external non-linear regression corrosion model were proposed by measuring pit depths and evaluating various soil factors known to contribute to the corrosion for metallic water pipes. Average pit depths of external and internal for metallic water pipes were measured 1.38 mm and 2.13 mm, and internal pit growth rate also fasted twice than external pit growth rate. This means the corrosion potential of water quality was higher than soil. The corelation between external corrosion rate and each soil corrosion factor was low. However, proposed external non-linear regression corrosion model considering all soil corrosion factors showed a little higher correlation ($R^2=0.46$) than conventional model.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.569-574
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of exercise on oxidative stress, nerve growth, and hepatocyte growth factors in obese children. After 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training, the aforementioned parameters before and after the training were compared. As a result, the nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were shown to be lower in the OT than in the NT before and after the training, respectively ($p$ <0.05). The NGF was shown to have increased in both groups after the training ($p$ <0.05). The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was shown to be higher in the OT than in the NT before the training ($p$ <0.05), with no difference found afterwards. The malondialdehyde (MDA), ox-LDL, and 8-OHdG (Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine) were shown to be higher in the OT than in the NT ($p$ <0.05). For ox-LDL, a difference was found between before and after the training ($p$ <0.05). The results of this study showed that obesity induced oxidative stress and caused the abnormalities of nerve and HGF secretion in obese children, and that the 12 weeks of aerobic exercise increased NGF levels, thereby promoting the development of neurogenesis in children.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.247-255
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• 2002

Purpose : This study was undertaken to obtain basic data about the megakaryocyte colony formation of fetal liver cells by using immunocytochemical staining and ex vivo culture with growth factors. Methods : The mononuclear cells were isolated from fetal liver and bone marrow with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) and pancytopenia. These mononuclear cells were cultured in $MegaCult^{TM}-C$(Stem Cell Tech, Canada) media in the presence of growth factors and CFU-Megakaryocyte( CFU-Mk) colonies were counted on day 12. The expansion of CD34+ and CD41+ cell was analyzed by flow cytometry after 5 days incubation using flask culture. Results : The numbers of CFU-Mk colonies of mononuclear cells obtained from fetal liver in the 11th week gestational age were more than those in the 19th week specimens; growth factors could not enhance the colony expansion in all cases. Total numbers of CFU-Mk colony of fetal liver cells were higher than bone marrow from ITP or pancytopenia groups. The numbers of pure or large CFU-Mk colonies of fetal liver cells were also higher than bone marrow specimens. The rate of CD34+ cell expression of fetal liver was increased after flask culture and the enhancement effect of epression was seen only in cases which added thrombopoietin. The rate of CD41+ cell expression of fetal liver was increased after incubation, but the enhancement effect of growth factors was unclear. Conclusion : This study revealed good results about the megakaryocyte colony assay of fetal liver mononuclear cells using $MegaCult^{TM}-C$ media. This study suggests that the fetal liver could be a good source of megakaryocytic progenitor cells for clinical application in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.787-795
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• 2021

Eupatorium chinensis var. simplicifolium (EUC) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Young sprouts of EUC have been used as food for a long time, and the whole EUC plant has been used as an herbal remedy in oriental medicine. Arteriosclerosis, or chronic inflammation in arterial vessels, is a cardiovascular disease and is involved in various disorders. Cardiovascular diseases such as restenosis and neuropathic hyperplasia are mainly caused by abnormal growth and movement due to multiple growth factors in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a mitogen released from damaged vessel walls and is involved in the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. To determine the effects of EUC on the abnormal proliferation and migration of VSMCs, the present study investigated intracellular signaling pathways in PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs treated with and without EUC. Pretreating PDGF-BB-induced VSMCs with EUC tended to effectively decrease cell proliferation and migration. Subsequently, the intracellular growth-related signaling pathways of AKT, phospholipase C gamma (PLC-γ), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were investigated using western blotting to confirm inhibited phosphorylation. Furthermore, flow cytometry data showed that EUC blocked the cell cycle of VSMCs. These results suggest that EUC can inhibit the proliferation and migration of VSMCs by controlling the cell cycle and growth factor receptors. Furthermore, this indicates that EUC can be used as a preventative against cardiovascular disease resulting from abnormal proliferation and migration of VSMCs.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.28 no.5 s.70
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• pp.775-782
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of the EGFR mRNA expression in the rat gingival epithelium by the experimental tooth movement. We applied reciprocal force between the upper anterior teeth using NiTi open coil spring and stainless steel wire for 1, 2 3, 7 days. For the detection of EGFR mRNA, in situ hybridization was done in the tissue samples which were taken from the pressure and tension sides of teeth. The results were as follows ; 1. The expression of EGFR mRNA was increased application-time dependently. a. Day 1 mild expression on the basal and spinous cell layers b. Day 2 . moderate expression on the whole layers c. Day 3 : severe expression on the basal and spinous cell layers 4. Day 7 severe expression on the whole layers 2. The expression level of EGFR mRNA in the pressure and tension sides were similar during the whole Period of experiment except seven day application at which the cornified layer of the tension side showed moderate expression. 3. Removal of the appliance after 7-day force application lowered the level of EGRF mRNA expression. It was returned to the mild and control (rare) level at three and seven days after the removal, respectively. In conclusion, EFGR mRNA was increased by the experimental tooth movement on the rat ginigval epithelium. Up-regulation of EGFR mRNA in the gingival epithelium can be regarded as responses to the possible changes caused by the physical stersses to the oral environment to maintain the homeostatic conditions of the periodontium.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.56-60
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• 2006

This study was performed to investigate the effect of silk protein (BM-1) treatment on epidermal growth factor (EGF) expression in the wound healing process by excision on the hairless mouse. Significant wound healing activity was observed BM-1 treated group. In BM-1 treated groups ($100{\sim}116 ug/day$), epithelialization of the incision wound was laster with a high rate of wound contraction. In expression of EGF and EGF mRNA, the lesion of BM-1 treated group made EGF to more induce significantly than control lesion. These data suggest that silk protein (BM-1) treatment have wound healing effect by excision on the hairless mouse.