• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.127-144
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to identify intrapsychic processes of self socialization in sex role development during late childhood and adolescence. For this purpose I investigated the sex-role stereotypes, sex-role ideology, sex-role identity, and self-esteem of 6th, 8th, and 10th graders and examined the causal relationships among these sex-role variables. Data were gathered through questionnaires administered twice with an interval of three months. The methods of analysis were one-way ANOVA, $x^2$, and multiple regression. The results showed, (1) Adolescents' sex-role stereotypes had significant relationships with sex typing. Subjects with low scores on sex-role stereotypes were more likely to show opposite sex typing. (2) Sex-role ideologies had significant relationships with sex typing. As Subjects agreed more with egalitarianism, they were more likely to exhibit opposite sex typing. (3) Adolescents' sex typing had significant relationships with their self-esteem. The androgynous group exhibited the highest scores on self-esteem. (4) Path analysis from the multiple regression analysis indicated different processes between sexes in sex-role development. In the boys' sex-role development, it was found that only masculinity contributed to self -esteem. Girls' masculinity also contributed most to self -esteem, but other sex -role variables such as femininity and sex-role stereotypes made some contributions to girls' self-esteem.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.4361-4369
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• 2014

This study examined the gender role identity within the Korean context with particular focus on how the changes within Korean society may have impacted on the gender role identities of middle-aged men. This research adapting Q methodology created a sampling distribution of P with 40 middle-aged men aged between 40-59 years old. Each of 40 Q samples were placed in a forced distribution of 9 scales. Secondary analysis of the results was then conducted by principal component factor analysis using the QUANL PC program. Middle-aged men are likely to have traditional masculinity and newly developed femininity, such as caring for others and sensitivity. This means that a consideration of these characteristics needs to understand the gender role identity of middle-aged men.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.794-804
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• 2016

This study examined effects of gender role conflicts and nursing professionalism on turnover intention among male nurses. Data were collected through self reported structured questionnaire from 106 male nurses using convenient sampling methods from November 8, 2014 to November 30, 2015. Stepwise regression showed that job satisfaction had the greatest effect on turnover intention(${\beta}=0.427$, p<.001), followed by nursing professionalism and gender role conflicts. These variables together explained 30.2% of the turnover intention in male nurses(F=16.14, p<.001). In conclusion, strategies for improving male nurses' job satisfaction and nursing professionalism and for reducing gender role conflicts should be developed to reduce turnover intention of male nurses.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.233-242
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to compare a supposedly "pot boiler", Sanctuary and Sanctuary: The Original Text and examine the fact that Horace Benbow in The Original Text is a more complicated and many-sided character who has suppressed desire, Oedipus complex, sense of guilt for a long time, until he came to confront Temple-Popeye case. Since literary narration means unconscious procedure, Horace's incestuous love for his step daughter and Oedipal relation reveals Faulkner's own psychology. In this sense, The Original Text serves as a matrix of many of Faulkner's major novels in terms of themes, characters, and the relationship between past and present. Among these novels are The Sound and the Fury, As I Lay Dying, and Flags in the Dust. Faulkner, while writing about his own world creating Yoknapatawpha County, tries to portray characters with artistic value through whom he wanted to express the deep anxiety and turmoil of the 1920s. Starting with Horace Benbow, Quentin Compson, Darl Bundren and young Bayard Sartoris can be doubling through his major works, conveying author's profound despair in the context of modern world.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.9-16
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• 2021

This study is a descriptive research study to understand the degree of perception of gender role attitudes and domestic violence targeting marriage migrant women. The subjects of this study were 371 married migrant women residing in area J from October 4 to December 20, 2019. Data analysis was statistically processed using SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. As a result of this study, the subject's gender role attitude was found to be an average of 2.05 points out of 4 points. The subject's perception of domestic violence was an average of 2.02 out of 4 points. There were statistically significant differences in gender role attitude according to the general characteristics of the subjects in terms of domestic residence period, education level, nationality, average monthly income, and the use of international marriage brokers. There were statistically significant differences in perception of domestic violence according to the general characteristics of the subjects in terms of age, education level, nationality, and whether they were married. Based on these findings, it is hoped that the foundation for preventing and solving domestic violence in multicultural families can be laid through awareness education and publicity on domestic violence.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.29-56
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is first, to explore the level of codependency among social work related professionals since codependency of professionals in the field has not been explored much in Korea. Second purpose is to examine whether codependency affects the level of burnout. Last purpose is to examine moderating effects of the Sex-role attitude on the relationship between codependency and burnout. Data were collected from the 11th of December in 2014 until the 28th of February in the following year. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to care professionals practicing in social work institutions in Daejeon City and Choongcheong province, via email and mail. In addition, surveys were administered at several continuing education training venues. Instruments used for this study include CODAT(Codependency Assessment Tool) developed by Hughes-Hammer and colleagues in 1998, MBI(Maslach Burnout Inventory) developed by Maslach and Jackson in 1981, and SRA(Sex Role Attitude) developed by Osmond and Maryin in 1975. In total, 368 surveys were used for final analysis. The results include that gender did not have statistically significant relationship with the overall codependency, however, male showed statistically higher score than female in one of subscales of codependency called hiding oneself. Workers in the residential settings showed higher level of codependency than those in non-residential settings, especially in the subscale of Other focus or Self-neglect. Codependency showed a strong relationship with Burnout. Among the five-factor structure of the CODAT, Medical problem, Low Self-worth and Family of Origin showed strong relationship with the Burnout score. And the moderating effects of Sex-role Attitude showed a statistically significant relationship between codependency and burnout. Conservative sex-role attitude amplified the level of burnout on the relationship between codependency and burnout. Based on the result, educational and policy implications were made in order to prevent burnout among social work related professionals.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.203-233
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• 2005

기존 연구에 의하면 중국 여성의 사회적 지위는 높게 평가된다. 그러나 실증적인 자료에 근거하여 이루어진 중국 여성의 가족 내 지위에 대한 연구는 매우 부족하다. 이 연구는 중국 여성의 지위에 대한 균형적인 시각을 얻기 위하여 가족 내 여성의 지위를 알아보고자 한다. 가족 내 여성의 지위를 파악하기 위하여 아버지의 자녀 양육과 자녀교육 관련 의사결정 과정에의 참여를 중심으로 성역할 분담을 살펴보았다. 이를 위하여 6개 도시 지역과 농촌 지역에서 수집된 자료의 통계 분석와 상해 산동 지역에서의 포커스 그룹 인터뷰가 통합적으로 이용되었다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지역에 관계없이 중국 사회에서 자녀 양육의 주책임은 어머니에게 있다. 둘째, 아버지들은 자녀 양육 활동보다 의사결정 과정에 더 높은 참여율을 보인다. 셋째, 아버지의 자녀 양육 참여율은 농촌에 비해 도시 지역에서 높게 나타난다. 반면, 의사결정의 경우는 도시에 비해 농촌 지역 아버지들의 참여율이 더 높다. 넷째, 전통적인 성역할 구분에 대한 가치관도 도시와 농촌 지역간에 차이가 있다. 결과적으로 중국 가족 내 여성의 지위는 지역별로 차이가 있는 것으로 보이며, 중국 가족에서 자녀 양육 책임이 동등하게 분담되지 않아서 여성의 이중부담이 큰 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.170-177
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• 2020

This study was descriptive research examining the effects of gender role conflict and major satisfaction on college life adaptation of male nursing students. The subjects of this study were male nursing students enrolled in three universities located in D metropolitan city from March 2 to April 30, 2020. The SPSS 22.0 program was used for data analysis, frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, correlation analysis, t-test, and ANOVA. As a result, the average of the gender role conflict among male nursing college students was 3.70±0.43 points. The major satisfaction level was 2.84±0.24 points, and the college life adaptation was 2.49±0.28. The characteristics of the variables according to general characteristics showed that gender role conflict was significantly related to age; major satisfaction was significantly related to age and type of residence, and college life adaptation was significant according to age and military service. Based on the above results, it is necessary to establish positive professional intuition as a way to increase the adaptation of male nursing students to college life and to develop programs actively to reduce gender role conflict and increase the major satisfaction by promoting awareness related to sexual identity.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.216-224
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• 1983

This work was undertaken to obtain some characteristics of proteolytic enzyme of marine gastropods such as sea hare, Aplysia kurodai, top shell, Turbo cornutus, and abalone, Haliotis discus hannai. An influence of pH, temperature and some chemicals on proteolytic activity of the crude enzyme extracted from digestive tract of the samples was taken into account and the stability of the enzyme during the storage at low temperature was also discussed. In comparison of the activities of the crude enzyme from the samples to the optimum conditions, it was characterized that abalone has twice or the more times higher activities than the other two species of the gastropoda in the acid and weak acid region, while, in the alkaline region, sea hare has six or the more times higher acitivities than the other two species. The proteolytic activity was facilitated by $Mn^{2+}$, some reducing agents, EDTA and DTT, and inhibited by $Hg^{2+}$ and SDS, but the other chemicals were not significantly affected to the activity. The low temperature storage of the enzymes of sea hare and top shell at $0^{\circ}C\;or\;-20^{\circ}C$ was not affected to the enzymic activity under the optimum pH condition except in the alkaline region. On the other hand, the low temperature storage was brought about no significant effect on the activity of the enzymes extracted from abalone under the optimum condition of the weak acid region, but apparently influenced to the activity under the optimum condition of the acid and alkaline region.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.179-209
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• 2011

This study explored the relationships among such variables as work-family compatibility, gender attitude, reasons for low birth rate, and education level, using a sample of 2,678 from the '2009 National Survey for Marriage and Birth Trend'. The purpose of this study was to identify the ideas about how to support married couples' work-family balance, and how to change gender attitude to promote childbirth. The results are as follows. The type of ideal work-family balance was different by education level, but not by gender. Low level of education was associated with choice of the full time work without a child. Male singles, compared to female singles, preferred the role of a man as a bread winner, and a woman as a house worker. Female singles had the higher level of hope for husband's capability of caring children. This trend was intensified by choice of the full time work with 2 children. Singles who prefer working as a full time worker with 2 children worried more about low birth rate in Korea than singles who prefer working as a part time worker with one or two children. The most frequently cited reason for low birth rate was 'high cost of both child care and education'. The next was 'difficulty in buying a residence, followed by 'increase in the number of career woman'. Female singles who want to work full time with 2 or more children worried more about the burden of child caring and education than male singles. Implications and suggestions were provided based on the results.