• Korea journal of population studies
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.99-134
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study is to examine major factors that affect patterns of living arrangements of older Korean noncitizens in the United States using the 1990 8% Public Use Microdata Sample(PUMS). In order to do so, I analyzed the effects of four factors including acculturation(English proficiency and Age at migration), economic circumstances(Personal Income and Supplemental Security Income: SSI receipt), health status(Mobility and Personal care limitation), and the ethnic community. The results show that acculturation and economic circumstances play an important role in determining the patterns of living arrangements among older Korean aliens, whereas the health status and the ethnic community do not show consistent effects. Regardless of marital status, the impact of age at migration is positively associated with solitary living of older Korean noncitizens, though, the effect of English proficiency show the opposite direction in accordance with marital status. That is, among nonmarried elders, those who cannot speak English are more likely to live alone. The case is reverse for married elders. The impact of economic feasibility is also positively associated with independent living arrangements. Those who receive SSI are much more likely to live apart from family, and elders whose annual personal income between $5, 001 and $10, 000 have the greatest propensity of solitary living-a large proportion of their income source is SSI. Individuals who receive SSI are also qualified to collect Medicaid, food stamps, rent subsidies, and other welfare benefits. In a sense, the economic feasibility provided by welfare benefits is the key determinant of independent living of older Korean noncitizens. Therefore, the recent welfare reform which denies legal aliens welfare benefits such as SSI and food stamps will severly affect the present living arrangements of older Korean aliens, and give economic burden to their family member The findings also show that there are significant differences within the elderly Korean Americans in terms of demographics, income, fertility, health status, and patterns of living arrangements by U.S. citizenship status. In particular, after controlling for age at migration as a proxy for acculturation, there is a statistically significant variation in living arrangements between elderly Korean noncitizens and naturalized citizens. For both theoretical and methodological reasons, future research on minority aging needs to investigate the concept of U.S. citizenship status for its impact on patterns of living arrangements among the minority elderly.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.16 no.8
• /
• pp.580-591
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to review articles and theses on adjustment of college freshmen from domestic researches conducted during the past 11 years, to identify overall research trends, and to suggest direction and strategies for college freshman's adjustment. The final 24 articles were selected from three databases, RISS, KISS, and NAL (National assembly library) using specific inclusion criteria. Twenty were correlation studies and four were experimental studies. In 2009, the first study on adjustment of college freshmen was published. Since then several more studies have been conducted to date. This means that people have recognized the importance of adjustment of college freshmen. Twenty three studies that are reviewed used Baker and Siryk's college adjustment tool. From reviewed correlation studies, mean score of college students' adjustment was 3.25. The related variables with adjustment of college freshmen revealed 20 items, especially self-esteem, self-efficacy, and stress showed important related concepts. The general characteristics related to adjustment of freshmen were outgoing character, living with family, aged students, satisfied with the area of study, and satisfied with school life. The findings of this study indicated that colleges when planning for the freshmen orientation program should focus on improving self-efficacy of students, stress management, mentor program, and freshmen adjustment program for each department of the school and college.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.56-83
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to provide basic materials needed to enhance quality of organizational life by identifying the improvements of labor union management in the perspective of general hospital organization management. The subject of this study were 686 employees in 12 General Hospitals in Metro Capital including Seoul. Materials were collected from administrators, nurses and medical technicians in target hospitals from March 20 to May 10, 2005 through survey questionnaires. The main results of this study were as follows: 1. the commitment level of the subjects according to their characteristics was higher in older employees than the younger ones, large family to support than small family to support and those who had higher positions in labor union. 2. The commitment level of the subjects according to the job and role related variables were higher those who had higher satisfaction level to their job and manager, role conflict in all hospitals. 3. The commitment level of the subjects according to union related variables, variables jointly controlled by union and employer was satistically significant positive correlation. In other words, the commitment level of the subjects according to the subjects' labor union involvement was higher in those who had higher satisfaction in labor union and perceived their colleagues' attitudes more positively in all hospitals. Regarding the atmosphere of the relationship between union and employer and the level of commitment in labor union, the better the atmosphere of the relationship between union and employer was, the higher the level of commitment in labor union was in all hospitals. 4. The results of multiple regression analysis shows that formal and informal socialization, union participation to the union management cooperation program, job satisfaction, satisfaction with the labor union's were all found as important antecedents of labor union commitment. 5. Job and role-related variables, union-related variables, variables jointly controlled by union and employer, and labor union commitment level were all found significantly different in accordance with the characteristics of unions concerned. To summarize study results, the level of commitment in labor union depends on job satisfaction, manager's attitudes, satisfaction to their jobs, union satisfaction, their colleagues attitudes toward union and the atmosphere of employer-employee relationship. Therefore hospital managers should have democratic and flexible attitudes toward labor union. Additionally, as formal and informal socialization, union participation to the union-management cooperation program is important determinant in union commitment, hospital managers should have countermeasures to enhance the colleague attitude and job satisfaction level of hospital employees. Since this study deals with psychological nature of workers not a few drawbacks and shortcomings may be detected in the finding. Nevertheless, the finding of this study, to become a momentum that will stimulate further research to detect all the cues of labor union commitment and to provide valuable reference in forming logical union commitment and labor union-management cooperation.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.20-36
• /
• 2001

The debate about whether depressive disorders should be divided into categories or arrayed along a continuum has gone for decade, without resolution. In our review, there is more evidence consistent with the spectrum concept than there is with the idea that depressive disorders constitute discrete clusters marked by relatively discontinuous boundaries. First, "depression spectrum", "is there a common genetic factors in bipolar and unipolar affective disorder", "threshold model of depression" and "bipolar spectrum disorder" are reviewed. And, a new subtype of depression is so called SeCA depression that is a stressor-precipitated, cortisol-induced, serotonin-related, anxiety/aggression-driven depression. SeCA depression is discussed. But, there is with the idea that depressive disorders constitute discrete subtypes marked by relatively discontinuous boundaries. This subtypes of depressive disorder were reviewed from a variety of theoretical frames of reference. The following issues are discussed ; Dexamethasone suppression test(DST), TRH stimulation test, MHPG, Temperament Character Inventory(TCI), and heart rate variability(HRV).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.379-388
• /
• 2018

This study aims to analyze the causes of conflict between street performing subjects and identify methods to induce their collaboration in promoting a creative city. This study proposes preventive mechanisms after identifying potential problems in performances on the streets of Jeju, which aims to become "the island of culture and art". To this aim, the type and relationship between the subjects of conflict, characters of conflict, solutions, extent and role of tolerance, responses of the subjects, and type of conflict management employed were examined and analyzed. We employed an in-depth interview method involving cases of conflict occurring during street performances in Jeju. were categorized into 6 types. First is conflict resulting from the lack of facilities. Second is conflict caused by non-designated performance venues. Third is conflict due to exclusive ambiance. Fourth is conflict resulting from direct engagement by neighboring residents. Fifth is conflict between residents and police during performances. Sixth is conflict by lack of definite relationship with relevant institutes. To systematically resolve these conflicts, we propose the following management methods: (1) behavioral approach of pretraining through a registration system; (2) establishment of busking zones and allocation after registration; (3) training of facilitators to manage street performances and extended roles; (4) establishment of standards for street performances through the systematic approach of ordinance; (5) training to secure tolerance of residents; and (6) simplification of deliberation process by building a collaborative system among institutes.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.411-427
• /
• 2015

The purpose of the present study is to examine the objects excavated from the archaeological site of the Nogye Village in terms of their relationships with the iron production facilities such as 1ho smithing hearth and 2ho smelting furnace. 32 samples including slags, iron ores, and wall were analyzed to identify the mineralogical and chemical characterization. In addition, in the case of the 1ho smithing hearth slag, differing points of the cross-section were analyzed to examine its formation in depth. The analysis results suggest that the slags from the each site adjacent to the 1ho smithing hearth and 2ho furnace are related to smithing and smelting process respectively. Furthermore, it is possible to draw some conclusions that the aspects of the increased contents of nonferrous elements such as CaO in the slags in comparison with those of the iron ores are due to various factors such as charcoal ash and analytical reasons rather than an addition of CaO as flux.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
• /
• 1996.04a
• /
• pp.445-449
• /
• 1996

한 국가의 과학기술 수준은 그 국가의 현재와 미래를 짐작케 하는 가장 중요한 척도라고 해도 과언은 아니다. 이에 따라 각국은 기술발전을 기하기 위하여 다양한 과학기술 정책을 펴고 있으며, 이러한 정책의 성패 여부는 국가의 과학기술 수준 뿐 아니라 국가의 미래에 지대한 영향을 미치게 된다. 그러나 세계무역기구(WTO)의 출범에 따라 기존의 과학기술 정책에 대폭적인 수정이 불가피하게 되었다. WTO는 공정한 무역질서의 회복을 위한 제반 규율을 대폭 강화하고 있으며, 여기에는 과학기술 정책과 관련한 부분들도 많이 포함되어 있다. 이로 인해 기존의 과학기술 정책에 대폭적인 방향수정이 요구되었고, 각 관련기관에서는 이에 대한 다양한 대응책들을 제시하고 있으나, 이러한 대응책들은 주로 민간 분야와 관련한 것이어서 미흡한 감이 있다. 이는 민간 분야에 파급효과가 지대한 것으로 알려지고 있는 국방과학기술에 대한 정책이 고려되지 않았기 때문이다. 사실 선진국에서는 국방과학기술분야에의 투자를 통해 많은 효과를 얻고 있다. 또한 국방 분야에 대한 문제는 WTO 체제에서 예외로 인정하고 있어, 새로운 환경에 대한 좋은 대응책이 될 수 있다. 그러므로 국방과학기술 정책에 대한 고려가 없는 과학기술 정책은 완전한 정책이라고 할 수 없다. 본 연구에서는 WTO의 출범에 대한 대응방안으로서 국방과학기술 정책의 효율적인 집행을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 우선 WTO의 성격과 WTO 출범으로 야기되는 과학기술 정책및 특히 국방과학기술 정책의 운용시의 변화요인들을 조사하였다. 또한, 국방과학기술 정책의 파급효과를 조사하였으며, 일곱 가지 사용가능한 국방과학기술 정책 대안들을 식별하였다. 또한 식별된 정책 대안들간의 비교를 통하여 효율적인 국방과학기술 정책 방안을 제시하였다.. 문제점들은 HED (Human Engineerign Discrepance) 목록으로 정리하여 설계에 반영하도록 하였다.로 마음의 안정감, 몸의 긴장 이완에 따른 건강 상태 유지, 수업 집중도 향상 등이 나타났다. 위와 같은 종합 적 분석 결과에 따라, 본 연구는 제조 현장의 생산성 향상 및 품질 향상과 연계하여 작업자의 작업 집중도 향상, 작업자의 육체적, 심리적 변화에 따른 생산성 및 품질 향상 변화 정도 등의 산업공학(인간공학) 제 분야의 여러 측면에서 연구 및 적용이 가능하리라 사료된다.l, 시험군:25.90$\pm$7.16mg/d1, 47% 감소)를 나타내었으며, 시험군의 AUC는 대조군에 비해 39% 감소하였고, 혈중 아세트알데히드의 농도는 투여 60분후 시험군(3.96$\pm$0.07nmo1/$m\ell$)이 대조군(6.45$\pm$0,64nmo1/$m\ell$)에 비해 유의성 있는 감소(39%)를 나타내었으며, 시험군의 AUC는 대조군에 비해 48% 감소하였다 한편, 시험관내 에탄올 대사 효소에 대한 바이오짐의 효과를 검색해본 결과 바이오짐(2.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/assay)에 의해 Aldehyde dehydrogenase(1.5unit/assay)의 활성이 14% 증가되었다. 본 연구의 결과로 볼 때, 비지니스 및 바이오짐은 음주 후 상승된 혈중 에탄을 농도 및 아세트알데히드의 농도를 현저히 감소시키는 효과가 있었다.량 보호 관리, 도시 소공원 개발, 역사 문화 공원 조성, 하천 공간 복원, 공원 시설 기능 개선, 이용 프로그램 개발, 공원 관리 개선, 환경 피해 녹지의 회복, 도시 환경 림 조성, 녹지

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.113-123
• /
• 2011

Recently, the global warming problem has arised around world, many nations has set up a various regulations for decreasing $CO_2$. In particular, $CO_2$ emissions reduction effect is very powerful in transport part, so there is a rising interest about development of green car, or electric vehicle in auto industry. For this reason, it is important to make a strategy for charging infra and forcast electric power demand, but it hasn't introduced about demand forecasting electric vehicle. Thus, this paper presents a demand forecasting for electric vehicles using choice based multigeneration diffusion model. In this paper, it estimates innovation coefficient, immitation coefficient in Bass model by using hybrid car market data and forecast electric vehicle market by year using potential demand market through SP(Stated Preference) experiment. Also, It facilitates more accurate demand forecasting electric vehicle market refelcting multigeneration diffusion model in accordance with attribute progress in development of electric vehicle. Through demand forecasting methodology in this paper, it can be utilized power supply and building a charging infra in the future.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.1-20
• /
• 2011

This study investigated the relationships among mother's adult attachment, psychological well-being and affection parenting in low-income class and middle income class The subjects were 339 mothers who reared 3-5 old age child in Daegu and Gyoungbuk Province. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, Pearson's correlation, single and hierachical multiple regression, using SPSS Win 15.0. The results were as follows. (1) Adult attachment fully exerted indirect effects on affection parenting mediated by psychological well-being in low income class of mothers. (2) But adult attachment partly exerted indirect effects on affection parenting mediated by psychological well-being in middle income class of mothers.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.369-374
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to survey Korean soldiers' oral healthcare practice and attitudes along with their stress level, and thereby to identify possible correlations among those factors. The survey was conducted from June 11 to Oct. 10, 2008 in G-gun, Chungbuk. province for soldiers. The questionnaire was consisted of the oral healthcare practice and attitude, stress level. As a result, it was found that our respondents scored 3.55 out of possible 9 point in their stress level, which indicated that they had relatively low stress on the whole. According to survey on their oral healthcare practice and attitude depending on their general characteristics, it was found that the higher academic career was associated directly with the more practices of oral healthcare, and nonsmoking group showed more practices of oral healthcare than smoking group. It was found that 'schoolwork and workplace' and 'sexual problem' were critical stress factors on our respondents' oral healthcare attitudes. And it was also found that 'outward appearance complex', 'personality complex', 'conflicts with parents' and 'sexual problem' were critical stress factors on their oral healthcare practices. Since our soldiers' maintenance of their oral healthcare is beneficial to both individual and national aspects, it is necessary for interested parties including dental surgeons to make efforts to develop a promotional program for military dental healthcare project and provide a series of reorientations for soldiers, so that they can have more positive oral healthcare practices and attitudes.