• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.944-955
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• 2004

The modern society as a high-level information-oriented society lays a great emphasis on lifelong education. It emphasizes all the learners' creative learning ability and various teaching-learning methods as well. We need the self-directed learning to meet these requirements, and one of the solutions is the self-directed teaching-learning process employing the web. Though many educators, so far, developed a number of teaching materials, they are no more than web-based teaching materials for simple learning activities or simple item-bank systems. So, this paper suggests an problem-solving based and self-directed learning system on web in order to overcome such simplicities, and it shows design and implementation of the system. Suggested learning system enables learners to get thinking skill though self-directed control of learning level after they learn the basic concepts and principles on the web as self-directed learning. For example, the system was applied to mathematics education for a middle school students. It supports a test of questions chosen from the item bank in a self-directed way, and helps learners to understand their learning levels for themselves and to solve their questions through on-line discussions with their instructor. The system can also be helpful in improving the learners' learning effects by sharing mutual information through the data room or the Q&A between learners and learners or between learners and instructors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.22-27
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• 1997

특정 제품이 가진 "감성 이미지"란 그 제품의기능과 함께 제품의 감각적 요소 그리고 사용자가 제품에 대해 가진 개념적인 사고 과정의 산물이다. 감성이미지의 국제 비교 연구는 사용자가 특정 제품에 대해 가지고 있는 이미지를 국가나 문화의 맥락 속에서 상호 비교 평가하여, 각 국가나 사회집단을 특팅지울 수 있는 문화적 감성 요소를 추출하고자 하는 것이다. 즉, 각 국가의 생활문화 속에서 사용자들이 제품에 대해 가지는 감성이미지를 계량적으로 규명하고 비교 평가하며, 이 정보를 기초로 각국의 문화와 정서에 적합한 제품 디자인의 모형을 제시하는데 본 연구의 목적이 있다. 구체적인 연구방법은 우선, 자동차 제품을 중심으로 '제품 이미지'를 나타내는 '언어 이미지'스케일을 각 문화 집단 별로 구성한다. 이 제품 이미지에 대비하여, 감성적 요소로 선정된 표준 색채 스케일을 중심으로 나타난 집단의 '이미지'를 상호 비교 평가한다. 이 경우, 각 국가별 집단에서 특징적으로 나타나는 제품의 주요 특성이 감성 이미지로 표현되는 색채 이미지에 어떻게 반영되는가를 상호 비교한다. 이 연구에서는 특정 지역의 사람들이 제품에 적용하는 감성이미지는 색채나 기타 감성 요소에 대한 선호의 문제가 아니라 그 집단의 사람들이 그 제품을 통해 표현하고자 하는 사회적 표상의 반영이라는 것을 보여준다. 따라서, 제품의 이미지가 각 국가별로 공유되는 감성 이미지로 변환되기 위해서는 동일한 의미나 상징성을 지닌 감성 요소를 활용하여 그 제품의 이미지를 포장할 수 있는 방법을 적용하는것이다. 본 연구에서는 각 문화 집단들이 특정 제품에 대해 가지고 있는 사회적 표상(social representation) 체계를 색채스케일에서 나타난 감성 이미지를 통해 구체화하는 것이다.로서는 방전효율의 저하가 없는 양호한 성능을 보였으며, SC의 시범 작동시험을 실차(소나타 1800cc)에 장착하여 수행한 결과 20회 이상의 연속시동에서도 아무런 문제점 없이 잘 동작하였다.되는 데이타를 입력한후 마우스로 원하는 작업의 메뉴를 선택하면 된다. 방법을 타액과 혈청내 testosterone 농도 측정에 응용하여 RIA의 결과와 비교하여 본 바 상관관계가 타액에서 r=0.969, 혈청에서 r=0.990으로 두 결과가 잘 일치하였다. 본 실험에서 측정된 한국인 여성의 타액내 testosterone농도는 107.7$\pm$12.0 pmol／l이었고, 남성의 타액내 농도는 274.2$\pm$22.1 pmol／l이었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 본 연구에서 정립된 EIA 방법은 RIA를 대신하여 소규모의 실험실에서도 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사려된다.또한 상실기 이후 배아에서 합성되며, 발생시기에 따라 그 영향이 다르고 팽창과 부화에 관여하는 것으로 사료된다. 더욱이, 조선의 ${\ulcorner}$구성교육${\lrcorner}$이 조선총독부의 관리하에서 실행되었다는 것을, 당시의 사범학교를 중심으로 한 교육조직을 기술한 문헌에 의해 규명시켰다.nd of letter design which represents -natural objects and was popular at the time of Yukjo Dynasty, and there are some documents of that period left both in Japan and Korea. "Hyojedo" in Korea is supposed to have been influenced by the le

• Korean Journal of Ornithology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2018

Sexual dimorphism in birds refers to male-female differences in body size, plumage, color and/or behavior. In general, many seabirds, including the family of Laridae, are monomorphic in plumage-color, which makes the determination of sex difficult in the field because both parents also tend to share a great portion of parental care. The development of an inexpensive sexing tool facilitates understanding the degree of sex-specific parental care in the evolution of the life history. Here, we developed a non-invasive method for the determination of sex using the bill-head morphometric of known captive pairs and applied this tool to wild pairs to document factors underlying male-female parental care during the incubation period of Saunders's gulls (Saundersilarus saundersi). Males exhibited relatively larger bill-head ratios than their mates within naturally formed pairs in captivity, resulting in the determination of sex in12 wild pairs at the nest during the incubation period. Males and females equally shared the incubation role during the daytime, attending the nest at a high rate of 95%. However, the male's proportion of nest attentiveness greatly increased with time towards sunset, presumably reflecting the male duty for nighttime incubation. The present study provides a non-invasive method for the determination of sex in a monomorphic seagull species and highlights how male-female incubation behavior is associated with time of the day, rather than other ecological conditions.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.47-66
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop an educational smart app for classes by reconstructing some of the teaching-learning contents of the clothing preparation planning within the 'clothing preparation planning and selection' curriculum unit. To this end, a teaching-learning process plan was planned for the classes, a smart app was developed for classes, and feedback from home economics teachers and app development experts was received for the developed app. The main composition of the developed app consists of five steps. The first step is to set up a profile using a real photo, ZEPETO or Galaxy emoji, or iPhone Memoji. In the second step, students make a list of clothes by figuring out the types, quantities and conditions of their exisitng wardrobe items. Each piece of clothing is assigned an individual registration number, and stduents can take pictures of the front and back, along with describing key attributes such as type, color, season-appropriateness, purchase date, and current status. Step three guides students in deciding which garments to retain and which to discard. Building on the clothing inventory from the previous step, students classify items to keep and items to dispose of. In Step 4, Deciding How to Arrange Clothing, students decide how to arrange clothing by filling out an alternative scorecard. Through this process, students can learn in advance the subsection of resource management and self-reliance, laying the foundationa for future learning in 'Practice of Rational Consumption Life'. Lastly, in the fifth stage of determining the disposal method, this stage is to develop practical problem-oriented classes on how to dispose of the clothes to be discarded in the thirrd stage by exploring various disposal methods, engaging in group discussions, and sharing opinions. This study is meaningful as a case study as an attempt to develop a smart app for education by an instructor to align teaching plans and educational content with achievement standards for the class. In the future, upgrades will have to be made through user application.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.33-42
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• 2013

In the early stage of P2P, the technology was limited to narrow usage of file sharing, but currently, P2P technology has become essential to maximize the efficiency between associated technologies without additional deployment of high costly infrastructure and also the burden of the server. Especially, P2P media streaming service is a highly attractive service to mobile users. which requires a higher quality in the mobile environment in accordance with the development of technology of wired network as well as better mobile terminals. However, P2P technology should consider the trade-off between 'peer selfishness' and QoE for providing fairness. The P2P system also try to maximize the resource utilization through an incentive mechanism for service differentiation and encourage peers to contribute continuously for improving the overall system performance. In this paper, we propose an point-based incentive mechanism based on peer's contribution level and energy availability for service differentiation. We also introduce that the proposed mechanism efficiently enhances the system performance as the peer with incentive using contribution and energy obtains more effective resource distribution.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.7-14
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• 2010

In this paper, we introduce a hierarchical internet application traffic classification system based on SVM as an alternative overcoming the uppermost limit of the conventional methodology which is using the port number or payload information. After selecting an optimal attribute subset of the bidirectional traffic flow data collected from the campus, the proposed system classifies the internet application traffic hierarchically. The system is composed of three layers: the first layer quickly determines P2P traffic and non-P2P traffic using a SVM, the second layer classifies P2P traffics into file-sharing, messenger, and TV, based on three SVDDs. The third layer makes specific classification of the entire 16 application traffics. By classifying the internet application traffic finely or coarsely, the proposed system can guarantee an efficient system resource management, a stable network environment, a seamless bandwidth, and an appropriate QoS. Also, even a new application traffic is added, it is possible to have a system incremental updating and scalability by training only a new SVDD without retraining the whole system. We validate the performance of our approach with computer experiments.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.85-102
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• 2011

The world is focusing on e-books as the e-book market is growing rapidly as a fused industry at the crossroads of information technology and digital content. Many countries are actively participating in this new market and leveraging on its potential and growth, while Korea's market is still in its preliminary stage. There is a good reason to be concerned over the fact that access to digitalized materials that are the most relevant to the current time are not readily available. Therefore, the strategy in collecting and utilizing content must be newly refurbished. In order to do this, the legal issues and policies related to digital libraries must be considered. The most relevant examples from abroad are Google Book Search and the EU's Europeana project. Then, what are the necessary measures for Korea to materialize its own digital library? Digital libraries can significantly influence social welfare and bring forth economic effects. Social preparation surrounding this subject should continue to increase because digital libraries will change the manner in which people share and use information. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the legal and economic problems and issues related to the establishment of digital libraries as well as to provide policy recommendations.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1999.10e
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• pp.28-35
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• 1999

정보공유를 목적으로 제안된 웹의 활성화와 함께 유용한 정보들이 웹상에 기하급수적으로 등장함에 따라 정보공간의 확장으로 인한 검색 신뢰도의 저하 문제에 직면하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 대용량 웹 환경하에서 사용자의 정보발견을 돕기 위해 텍스트이외의 새로운 요소들을 사용하여 특정장르문서를 발견하는 개념을 도입하였다. 먼저 사용자가 발견하고자 하는 장르의 모습을 텍스트, URL정보, 링크 정보. 문서구조 정보 등의 장르 식별요소 값을 이용해 표현한 후, 후보 문서들의 장르관련도를 측정함으로써 특정장르 문서를 검색한다. 각 장르식별요소값은 나름대로의 방법에 의해 계산되는데 $0{\sim}1$사이의 값을 가지며, 종합적인 장르관련도는 각 장르식별요소값의 증거통합 방법에 의해 구한다. 본 논문에서는 각 장르식별요소들의 역할과 장르식별요소가 장르발견에 미치는 영향을 알아보며, 최종적으로 특정 장르 문서발견에 있어서의 검색 신뢰도 향상을 보이기 위해 실험모델을 설계/구현하였다. 본 실험은 웹 문서를 대상으로 하는데, 아직까지 URL, 링크 정보를 모두 갖춘 테스트컬렉션이 없기 때문에 실험을 위해 일반적인 웹 문서로 직접 구성한 컬렉션을 사용하였다. 발견하고자 하는 장르는 "컴퓨터 분야의 컨퍼런스 홈페이지"로 정하였으며 30개의 컴퓨터 분야를 선정하였다. 비교대상으로는 일반 웹 검색 엔진인 알타비스타와 메타검색 엔진인 메타크롤러를 선택하였고. 각 질의에 대해 상위 30개의 결과를 대상으로 정확도를 평가하였다. 결과로서 각 장르식별요소들은 모두 검색 신뢰도의 향상에 기여를 하며, 제안하는 방법은 알타비스타와 메타크롤러에 비해 각각 평균적으로 67.34%, 71.78%의 검색 신뢰도 향상을 보임을 입증하였다.적응에 문제점을 가지기도 하였다. 본 연구에서는 그 동안 계속되어 온 한글과 한잔의 사용에 관한 논쟁을 언어심리학적인 연구 방법을 통해 조사하였다. 즉, 글을 읽는 속도, 글의 의미를 얼마나 정확하게 이해했는지, 어느 것이 더 기억에 오래 남는지를 측정하여 어느 쪽의 입장이 옮은 지를 판단하는 것이다. 실험 결과는 문장을 읽는 시간에서는 한글 전용문인 경우에 월등히 빨랐다. 그러나. 내용에 대한 기억 검사에서는 국한 혼용 조건에서 더 우수하였다. 반면에, 이해력 검사에서는 천장 효과(Ceiling effect)로 두 조건간에 차이가 없었다. 따라서, 본 실험 결과에 따르면, 글의 읽기 속도가 중요한 문서에서는 한글 전용이 좋은 반면에 글의 내용 기억이 강조되는 경우에는 한자를 혼용하는 것이 더 효율적이다.이 높은 활성을 보였다. 7. 이상을 종합하여 볼 때 고구마 끝순에는 페놀화합물이 다량 함유되어 있어 높은 항산화 활성을 가지며, 아질산염소거능 및 ACE저해활성과 같은 생리적 효과도 높아 기능성 채소로 이용하기에 충분한 가치가 있다고 판단된다.등의 관련 질환의 예방, 치료용 의약품 개발과 기능성 식품에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있음을 시사한다.tall fescue 23%, Kentucky bluegrass 6%, perennial ryegrass 8%) 및 white clover 23%를 유지하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 때, 초종과 파종비율에 따른 혼파초지의 건물수량과 사료가치의 차이를 확인할 수 있었으며, 레드 클로버 + 혼파 초지가 건물수량과 사료가치를 높이는데 효과적이었다.\ell}$ 이었으며 , yeast extract 첨가(添加)하여 배양시(培養時)는 yeast extract 농도(濃度)가 증가(增加)함

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.15D no.4
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• pp.513-522
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• 2008

Service-Oriented Architecture(SOA) is an method to develop applications by developing and publishing reusable services which potentially be used in various applications, and discovering and composing right services dynamically. SOA adopts a paradigm of publish-discover-invoke, which is considerably different from object-oriented and component-based development(CBD) approaches. The service in SOA is different from function in procedural programming, object in object-oriented programming, and component in CBD, and its fundamental requirement is a high level of reusability and applicability. In SOA, service providers and service consumers are loosely coupled since the providers try to develop reusable services and the consumers try to locate right services without knowing much about the providers and their published services. Moreover, the process of searching, choosing and invoking right services is not presented in conventional programming paradigms. Therefore, conventional approaches to developing user interfaces and invoking the functionality on servers through JSP, and RMI in object-oriented programming cannot well be applicable to designing clients’ programs in SOA. Therefore, there is a high demand for a practical and systematic process for developing clients’ applications, and the such a process should be devised by considering key characteristics of services and SOA. However, little work on this area is known to date, and there has not a process for client side just except few guide lines for developing service client. In this paper, we propose a practical and systematic development process for developing clients' applications in SOA. Then, we define instructions for carrying out each activity in the process. To show the applicability of the proposed work, we show the result of applying our process in developing a services application for searching and booking hotels.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.241-256
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• 2003

This empirical study is to explain critical success factors for building effective regional IT cluster from the literature reviews which have some limitations, and is to suggest new key factors from the views of Regional Innovation System and Sectoral Systems of Innovation. For building successful cluster, the new key factors not only stress on regional networks, the spill-over of tacit knowledge through learning by interacting, institutions which contain regional custom, norms, established practices, culture, and characteristics from the Regional Innovation System, but also emphasize on heterogeneous agents who are interacting by each others from Sectoral Systems of Innovation. From these factors we suggest some strategies for building effective "Daegu IT Cluster" as following; making characterized IT brands which are selected and concentrated based on regional and IT sectoral characteristics, strengthening learning competence of tacit knowledge built in multiple heterogeneous agents network, establishing strong agent networks which are composed of universities, companies, institutes and government, and sharing the institution of mind-opening culture in order to correspond with environmental changes and link to other industrial clusters. By putting above strategies in force, the compatabilities of Daegu region are reinforced. Tacit knowledges spill over and the regional innovation competence are accumulated. Also IT cluster plays core role of employment in Daegu for long term. Especially, "Daegu IT Cluster" changes city's image from medium and small manufacturing city to new industrial city based on high technologies.