• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.81-81
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• 1996

선천성 후두열은 매우 드문 선천성 기형으로 신생아에게 심각한 호흡곤란 및 수유장애를 초래할 수 있다. 해부학적 결손정도와 관련된 기형에 따라 다양한 증상이 나타난다. 가장 흔한 특징적 증상으로는 흡기시 천명, 간헐적으로 나타나는 수유시 호홉곤란을 들 수 있다. 이 증상들은 후두연화증, 성대마비, 후비공폐색 둥과 같은 다른 선천성 기형에서도 나타나기 때문에 미리 의심하지 못하면 진단이 어렵다. 따라서 진단을 위해서는 세심한 주의와 정확한 내시경 검사가 필요하다. 저자들은 선천성 후두열 2례를 경험하였다. 첫 증례는 제 II형이었고 두번째는 III형이었으며, 두 증례 모두 전방 후두열 접근법으로 치료하였다. 제 III형 환아는 술전 흡기시 천명을 동반한 호흡곤란과 여러번의 흡인성 폐렴을 겪었으며 술후 캐놀라발거는 가능하였으나 경구를 통한 수유시 흡인을 동반하여 현재까지 위루술을 통해 음식을 섭취하고 있는 상태이다. 저자들은 최근 경험한 선천성 후두열 2례를 video presentation과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1993.05a
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• pp.109-109
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• 1993

Fourth branchial pouch anomaly is an extremely rare condition involving the pharyngeal apparatus with only about 30 cases having been reported in the last 20 years. It almost invariably occurs on the left side and typically presents with repeated episodes of neck swelling, recurrent thyroiditis, or repeated bouts of retropharyngeal abscess. This is a presentation of 2 patient with pyriform sinus fistula, presumably of fourth branchial origin, which, were successfully closed with 10ole trichloroacetic acid chemical cautery. Details of the cases along with the summary of embryology and fourth branchial anomaly are given.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1981.05a
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• pp.40.2-40
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• 1981

The deformities of the auricle is rare and classified roughly into two categories as "Hyperplasia and Hypoplasia". Microtia occurs about once in every 6000 births and is twice as frequent in males as in females and the unilateral to bilateral ratio is roughly 8 : 1. Significant malformation of the auricle frequently involves the external auditory canal and the contents of the middle ear. Recently, the authors experienced a case of hypoplasia of the superior third of the right auricle of 24 year old male, with neither hearing impairment nor any other associated defect, who was surgically corrected by rotation flaps through post-auricular incision.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1983.05a
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• pp.19.3-19
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• 1983

Congenital stapes fixation may develop alone or with other systemic anomalis. Acquired stapes fixation is found in otosclerosis or in chronic otitis media. It is our intent to review 4 cases (5ears) of congenital stapedial fixation and 2 cases (2 ears) of acquired stapedial fixation following chronic otitis media, treated by stapedectomy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.11
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• pp.793-797
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• 2007

A communicating bronchopulmonary foregut malformation (CBPFM) is a rare congenital anomaly that is characterized by a fistula between isolated respiratory tissue and the esophagus or stomach, The presence of accessory lung tissue arising from the primitive gastrointestinal tube is a common factor in the development of all forms of bronchopulmonary foregut malformations. Recurrent pneumonia associated with cystic radiographic structures is a characteristic of the condition. Further imaging studies using esophagogram, bronchography, computerized tomography, MRI, and arteriography can help in making a diagnostic evaluation. The treatment is a surgical resection of the involved lung tissue, and fistula closure with a good prognosis. We encountered a case of CBPFM, who presented with an extralobar pulmonary sequestration and bronchogenic cyst communicating with a tubular esophageal duplication that was associated with a complete left pericardial defect.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.8 s.265
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• pp.643-647
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• 2006

Congenital tracheomalacia associated esophageal atresia is a rare foregut anomaly. We report a case of 40-day old male infant with tracheomalacia who has undergone repair of esophageal atresia at his age of 1 day. The patient had progressive dyspnea and stridor after repair of esophageal atresia. His 3-dimensional chest computed tomography showed severe stenosis at the middle of trachea. We underwent resection and end-to-end anastomosis under cardiopulmonary bypass. Histologic examination revealed esophageal tissues indicating congenital origin as well as no cartilage.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.856-860
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• 2004

Interrupted aortic arch with concomitant intracardiac defects is a rare congenital anomaly that has an unfavorable natural course. We report a successful staged operation of interrupted aortic arch with apical muscular ventricular septal defect associating esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula in a 3-day-old neonate weighing 2.6 kg. We repaired esophageal atresia through the right thoracotomy and subsequently performed extended end-to-end anastomosis of the aortic arch with pulmonary artery banding through the left thoracotomy at same operation. The apical muscular VSD was repaired 87 day after first operation. The patient required multiple additional interventions before closure of the apical muscular ventricular septal defect, such as pyloromyotomy for idiopathic hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, anterior aortopexy for airway obstruction, and balloon aortoplasty for residual coarctation. She is now doing well.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.404-408
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• 2011

Scimitar syndrome (SS) is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by hypoplasia of the right lung and partially anomalous pulmonary venous drainage to the inferior vena cava. The term scimitar derives from the shadow created by the anomalous pulmonary vein on chest X-ray that closely resembles that of a curved Turkish sword. It rarely presents as an isolated abnormality. Various cardiac and non-cardiac anomalies have been association with SS, such as right lung hypoplasia, dextroposition of the heart, hypoplasia of the right pulmonary artery, systemic arterial blood supply to the right lower lung from the infra-diaphragmatic aorta, and a secundum type of atrial septal defect. However, an imperforate anus has not been reported previously in association with SS. We describe the first case of infantile scimitar syndrome accompanied with an imperforate anus in a newborn who presented with tachypnea and right pulmonary atelectasis.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.140-148
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• 1995

To study the clinical profiles and outcome of surgery in infants with esophageal atresia, we reviewed 96 esophageal atresia cases who were treated from April, 1978 to June, 1995. There were 51 male and 45 female infants, a ratio of 1.1:1. The low birth weight(<2500g) patients were 32%. Clinical findings at the time of diagnosis included drooling in 57%, choking in 50%, cyanosis in 38%, respiratory distress in 27% and swallowing difficulty in 20%. Gross classification included 6 cases of type A esophageal atresia(6%), 79 cases of type C(82%), 3 cases of type E (3%) and 8 cases of type F(8%). Associated anomalies occurred in 34 infants(35%). Among them, cardiac anomalies were most common(60%). A primary repair of the defect was carried out in 76 patients with type A or C. A staged operation comprising a repair or gastric tube interposition after gastrostomy was performed in 8 patients. In all 3 infants with H-type, a division of fistula was performed. Esophageal resection and anastomosis was done in 8 infants with esophageal stenosis. In one infant, a gastrostomy was performed and he expired before staged operation. Anastomotic complications included leakage in 16 cases(17%), stricture in 37 cases(39%) and recurrent tracheoesopohageal fistula in 3 cases(3%). The mortality rate was 14% and the leading cause of death was pneumonia. The overall survival rate was 86%, and according to Waterston criteria, the survival rates were 93%, 85% and 58% in class A, Band C, respectively. 75 patients were followed up with median follow up 6.4 years. Among them, 93% were uneventful and 7% had frequent pneumonia.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.567-572
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• 1999

Background: Surgical correction of the full spectrum of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula has improved over the years, but the mortality and morbidity assoiated with repair of these anomalies still remains high. Material and Method: We retrospectively analyzes 27 surgically treated patients with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula at Dong-A University Hospital between January 1992 and March 1997. Result: There were 21 male and 6 female patients. Mean birth weight was 2.62$\pm$.385 kg(2.0~3.4 kg). Twenty- four(88.9%) had esophageal atresia with distal tracheoesophageal fistula, and 3(11.1%) had pure esophageal atresia. Four(14.8%) infants were allocated to Waterston risk group A, 18(66.7%) to group B, and 5(18.5%) to group C. In eighteen(66.7%) infants with associated anomalies, cardiovascular anomalies were the most common. Three had a gap length of 3.5 cm or greater(ultra-long gap) between esophageal segments, 7 had 2.0 to 3.5 cm(long gap), 8 had 1.0 to 2.0 cm(medium gap), and 9 had 1 cm or less(short gap) gap length. Among 27 neonates, 3 cases underwent staged operation, late colon interposition was done in 2, and all other 24 cases underwent primary esophageal anastomosis. Oerative mortality was 2/27(7.4%). Causes of death included acute renal failure(n=1), empyema from anastomotic leak(n=1), necrotizing enterocolitis(n=1), sepsis(n=1), insulin-dependent diabetus mellitus(n=1 . There were 4 anastomosis- related complications including stricture in 3, leakage in 1. Mortality was related to the gap length(p<.05). Conclusion: Although the complication rate associated with surgical repair of these anomalies is high, this does not always implicate the operative mortality. The overall survival can be improved by effective treatment for combined anomalies and intensive postoperatve care.