• Title/Summary/Keyword: 선박 배기가스

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A Study of a Simulator Development Generating OBD Diagnostic Code (OBD 차량진단 코드 발생 시뮬레이터 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Ha, Kwang-Ho;Lee, Jong-Joo;Heo, Yoon-Young;Choi, Sang-Yeol;Shin, Myong-Chul
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2007.07a
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    • pp.1157-1158
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    • 2007
  • 자동차, 항공기, 철도 및 선박 등과 같은 각종 교통수단에 발생하는 이상현상에 대한 사용자의 정확한 복구 조치 능력 향상을 위하여, 발생한 고장코드에 대한 신속하고 정확한 해석은 매우 중요하다. 이에 따라 본 논문에서는 차량의 고장 진단 프로토콜 중 SAE(미국 자동차 기술자 협회) J1979[1]의 방식을 사용하여 차량의 통신방식을 정의 하고 이에 따라 발생되는 ECU 정보들을 수집 분석하여 각각의 고장 코드들을 해석하였고 배기가스뿐만 아니라 차량에서 발생되는 총제적인 문제점들을 GUI(Graphic User Interface) 기반의 응용 프로그램을 이용하여 차량의 단계별, 부품별 고장코드를 실시간으로 발생시킬 수 있는 시뮬레이터를 개발하였다

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A Study on the Installation of SCR System for Generator Diesel Engine of Existing Ship (기존 선박의 디젤발전기용 SCR 시스템 설치에 관한 연구)

  • Ryu, Younghyun;Kim, Hongryeol;Cho, Gyubaek;Kim, Hongsuk;Nam, Jeonggil
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.39 no.4
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    • pp.412-417
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    • 2015
  • The IMO MEPC has been increasingly strengthening the emission standard for marine environment protection. In particular, nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions of all ocean-going ships built from 2016 will be required to comply with the Tier-III regulation. In this study, a vanadia based SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) system developed for ship application was installed on a diesel engine for power generation of the training ship T/S SAENURI in Mokpo National Maritime University. For the present study, the exhaust pipeline of the generator diesel engine was modified to fit the urea SCR system. This study investigated the NOx reduction performance according to the two kind of injection method of urea solution (40%): Auto mode through the PLC (Programable Logic Control) and Manual mode. We were able to find the ammonia slip conditions when in manual mode method. So, the optimal urea injection quantity can be controlled at each engine load (25, 35, 50%) condition. It was achieved 80% reduction on nitrogen oxide. Furthermore, we found that the NOx reduction performance was better with the load up-down (while down to 25% from 50%) than the load down-up (while up to 50% from 25%) test.

Designation of fuel oil scrubber nozzle positioning using CFD analysis and PIV methods (CFD 해석 및 PIV 실험을 통한 연료유 스크러버의 노즐 위치선정)

  • Kim, In-Cheol;Kim, Chang-Goo;Park, Sung-Jin;Cho, Dong-Yeon;Lee, Young-Ho
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.39 no.7
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    • pp.773-778
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    • 2015
  • Global warming has recently become an issue that has resulted in a growing trend to minimize environmental pollution. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has shown that the majority of marine atmospheric pollution occurs as a result of emissions from marine vessels. Therefore, the environmental regulations and emission standards regarding marine vessels have gradually become stricter, and the research and development in this area is experiencing significant progress. In this study, a nozzle for a fuel oil scrubber was investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and particle imaging velocimetry (PIV). Experiments were conducted on scaled-down model of the scrubber to determine its performance, which was then compared with CFD results. Based on the experimental results, it was found that at a spray angle of $66^{\circ}$, the spray velocity at the nozzle was 20.1 m/s. From this comparison, a full-scale scrubber model was analyzed using CFD, and the effect of the positioning of the nozzle was studied.

Prediction of NOx emission for marine diesel engines of existing ship (선박용 디젤엔진의 NOx배출량 예측방법에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Seong-Woon;Jung, Kyun-Sik;Kim, Houng-Soo;Choi, Jae-Sung
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.38 no.6
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    • pp.674-680
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    • 2014
  • Monitoring systems of informations for ship performance have become important gradually for economical management of existing ship. Monitoring of NOx emission from marine diesel engines is one of them. The measurement of NOx emission, however has been many difficulties due to technical and costly problems. A monitoring by prediction method of NOx on-board ship according to sailing condition of ship could be an useful method. In this paper, it is discussed about modified method of one-zone model which has been utilized usually for analyzing the combustion process. The modified method is able to calculate the temperature of burned region from the result by one-zone model. Influences which excess air ratio during combustion process affected for the gas temperature and NOx emission were investigated. From the results variation of excess air ratio during combustion process could be estimated inversely through the comparison with measurement of NOx emission.

[$CO_2$] Emission from Carbon of Marine Fuel Oil in New Ships (신조선에서 연료탄소로부터의 $CO_2$ 배출 특성)

  • Jang Mi-Suk;Kim Eun-Chan;Moon Il-Sung;Lee Jae-Woo;Kwon Oh-Sin
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.148-153
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    • 2006
  • This study dealt with the measurement of exhausted gas concentration, the estimation of a combustion efficiency, and the review of IMO indexing. We concentrated on establishing the basic data to take a counterplan coping with $CO_2$ regulations. The average combustion efficiency was 98% in shop test of new engines and 96.5% in sea trial test of new ships, respectively. It would become lower for the old engine or/and ship. High combustion efficiency results in high $CO_2$ emission and low combustion efficiency results in high emission of incomplete combustion products. The efficient method reducing $CO_2$ emission without an increase in noxious air pollutants would be the development of a substitute fuel and the fuel-efficient and economical engine, and the fair play among shipping agencies in a ship speed. In reviewing of IMO indexing, it is necessary to begin by analyzing the carbon content of a marine fuel for a precise estimates.

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Experimental Study on Combustion Characteristics of Biodiesel Waste Cooking Oil in Marine Diesel Engine (선박디젤기관에서 바이오디젤 폐식용유의 연소특성에 대한 실험적 연구)

  • Cho, Sang-Gon
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.39 no.4
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    • pp.381-386
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    • 2015
  • Environmental pollution and alternative energy has attracted increasing interest. The use of diesel engines is expected to increase in the world owing to their fuel economy. The problem of air pollution emissions from marine engines is causing a major concern in many areas. An alternative fuel was introduced as an environmentally friendly fuel to reduce the toxic emissions from conventional fossil fuels. Biodiesel fuel, which is a renewable energy is highlighted as environmentally friendly energy. This energy can be operated in regular diesel engines when it is blended with invariable ratios without making changes. In this study, a bio-diesel fuel was produced from waste cooking oil and applied to a marine diesel engine to examine the effects on the characteristics of combustion. Waste cooking oil contains a high cetane number and viscosity component, a low carbon and oxygen content. As a result, the brake specific fuel consumption was increased, and the cylinder pressure, rate pressure rise and rate of heat release were decreased.

Characteristics of the Carbon Capture and Utilization System in Methanol Fuel Propulsion Ships Based on the Hydrogen Fuel Cell Hybrid System (수소 연료전지 하이브리드 시스템 기반 메탄올 연료추진 선박에서 CCU 적용에 따른 시스템 특성 분석)

  • YoonHo Lee;JunHo Kim
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.239-251
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    • 2024
  • In this study, a hydrogen fuel cell process based on methanol was developed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In Case1, the methanol fuel engine system was designed to investigate the emission of exhaust gas when methanol was supplied as fuel instead of gasoline to the engine. In Case2, a hydrogen fuel cell system was designed by adding a methanol reforming system to Case1. This hybrid system produced gray hydrogen and combined the output of the engine and fuel cell to drive the ship. However, gray hydrogen emits carbon in the process of producing hydrogen. To address this problem, a carbon capture and utilization (CCU) system was added to Case3. The CO2 of the flue gas discharged from Case2 was synthesized with gray hydrogen to produce blue methanol. The results of the case studies revealed that the optimal operating conditions were 220 ℃, 500 kPa, SCR = 1.0, and flow ratio = 0.7. The system of Case3 reduced carbon emissions by 42% compared with that Case1. Thus, the hybrid system of Case3 could considerably reduce the ship's CO2 emissions.

Numerical Study on the Effect of Area Changes in Air Inlets and Vent Ports on the Ventilation of Leaking Hydrogen (급·배기구 면적 변화가 누출 수소 환기에 미치는 영향에 관한 수치해석적 연구)

  • Lee, Chang-Yong;Cho, Dae-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.385-393
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    • 2022
  • Hydrogen has reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the main cause of global warming, and is emerging as an eco-friendly energy source for ships. Hydrogen is a substance with a lower flammability limit (LFL) of 4 to 75% and a high risk of explosion. To be used for ships, it must be sufficiently safe against leaks. In this study, we analyzed the effect of changes in the area of the air inlet / vent port on the ventilation performance when hydrogen leaks occur in the hydrogen tank storage room. The area of the air inlet / vent port is 1A = 740 mm × 740 mm, and the size and position can be easily changed on the surface of the storage chamber. Using ANSYS CFX ver 18.1, which is a CFD commercial software, the area of the air inlet / vent port was changed to 1A, 2A, 3A, and 5A, and the hydrogen mole fraction in the storage chamber when the area changed was analyzed. Consequently, the increase in the area of the air inlet port further reduced the concentration of the leaked hydrogen as compared with that of the vent port, and improved the ventilation performance of at least 2A or more from the single air inlet port. As the area of the air inlet port increased, hydrogen was uniformly stratified at the upper part of the storage chamber, but was out of the LFL range. However, simply increasing the area of the vent port inadequately affected the ventilation performance.

A Experimental Study on Nitrous Oxide Formation in Direct Injection Diesel Engine (직접분사식 디젤엔진에서 아산화질소의 생성에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Yoo, Dong-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.188-193
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    • 2015
  • It has been generally recognized that $N_2O$(Nitrous Oxide) emission from marine diesel engines has a close correlation with $SO_2$(Sulfur Dioxide) emission, and diversity of fuel elements using ships affects characteristics of the $N_2O$ emission. According to recent reports, in case of existence of an enough large NO(Nitric Oxide) generated as fuel combustion, effect of the $SO_2$ emission in exhaust gas on the $N_2O$ formation is more vast than effect of the NO. Therefore, $N_2O$ formation due to the $SO_2$ element operates on a important factor in EGR(Exhaust Gas Recirculation) systems for NOx reduction. An aim of this experimental study is to investigate that intake gas of the diesel engine with increasing of $SO_2$ flow rate affects $N_2O$ emission in exhaust gas. A test engine using this experiment was a 4-stroke direct injection diesel engine with maximum output of 12 kW at 2600rpm, and operating condition was set up at a 75% load. A standard $SO_2$ gas with 0.499%($m^3/m^3$) was used for changing of $SO_2$ concentration in intake gas. In conclusion, the diesel fuel included out sulfur elements did mot emit the $SO_2$ emission, and the $SO_2$ emission in exhaust gas according as increment of the $SO_2$ standard gas had almost the same ratio compared with $SO_2$ rate in mixture inlet gas. Furthermore, the $N_2O$ element in exhaust gas was formed as $SO_2$ mixture in intake gas because increment of $SO_2$ flow rate in intake gas increased $N_2O$ emission. Hence, diesel fuels included sulfur compounds were combined into $SO_2$ in combustion, and $N_2O$ in exhaust gas should be generated to react with NO and $SO_2$ which exist in a combustion chamber.

Investigation on emission characteristics of nitrous oxide from marine diesel engine (선박용 디젤엔진에서 아산화질소의 배출특성에 대한 연구)

  • Yoo, Dong-Hoon
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.38 no.9
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    • pp.1051-1056
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    • 2014
  • Nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) is naturally generated from biological activity, such as bacteria's material exchange. However, recent $N_2O$ concentration in the atmosphere has being increased by the human activities such as industrial growth. One of factors to increase $N_2O$ concentration in the atmosphere is a $N_2O$ emission caused by the combustion of marine fuel oils. The marine transportation presently handles over 99 percent of the international freight cargoes and the number of ship is continuously increasing with increment of cargoes. In this study, author conducted a series of the experimental investigations on which combustion of fuels containing different element concentrations used in a 4-stroke marine diesel engine affect $N_2O$ emissions in the exhaust gas. Moreover, it is assessed on the extent to which fuel combustion patterns in the combustion chamber affect $N_2O$ emissions.