• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.603-608
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• 2014

In the maritime traffic environment, the near-miss between vessels is the situation approaching on collision course but collision accident is not occurred. In this study, in order to calculate the near-miss between navigating vessels, the discriminating equation using ship bumper theory and vessel position clustering methods are proposed. Applying proposed module to the vessel trajectories of the WANDO waterway, we assessment navigational risk factors of vessel type, navigational speed, meeting situation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.670-678
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• 2018

In coastal waters where the traffic volume of the ship is high, there is a high possibility of a collision accident because complicated encounter situations frequently occurs between ships. To reduce the collision accidents at sea, a quantitative collision risk assessment is required in addition to the navigator's compliance with COLREG. In this study, a new collision risk assessment system was developed to evaluate the collision risk on ship's planned sailing routes. The appropriate collision risk assessment method was proposed on the basis of reviewing existing collision risk assessment models. The system was developed using MATLAB and it consists of three parts: Map, Bumper and Assessment. The developed system was applied to the test sea area with simple computational conditions for testing and to actual sea areas with real computational conditions for validation. The results show the length of own ship, ship's sailing time and sailing routes affect collision risks. The developed system is expected to be helpful for navigators to choose the optimum safe route before sailing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.81-86
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• 2003

The studies on automatic ship collision avoidance system, which have been carried out last 10 years, are facing on new situation due to newly developed high technology such as computer and other information system. It was almost impossible to make it used in real navigation 3-4 years ago because of the absence of the tool to get other ship's information, however recently developed technology suggests new possibility. This study is carried out to develop the algorithm of automatic ship collision support system. The NOMOTO ship's mathematic model is adopted in simulation for its simplicity. The fuzzy reason rules are used for course-keeping system and for the calculation of Collision Risk using TCPA/DCPA. Moreover‘encounter type’ between two ships is analyzed based on Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea and collision avoidance action is suggested, Some situations are simulated to verity the developed algorithm and appropriate avoidance action is shown in the simulation.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.375-381
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• 2003

The studies on automatic ship collision avoidance system, which have been carried out last 10 years, are facing on new situation due to newly developed high technology such as computer and other information system. It was almost impossible to make it used in real navigation 3-4 years ago because of the absence of the tool to get other ship's information, however recently developed technology suggests new possibility. This study is carried out to develop the algorithm of automatic ship collision support system. The NOMOTO ship's mathematic model is adopted in simulation for its simplicity. The fuzzy reason rules are used for course-keeping system and for the calculation of Collision Risk using TCPA/DCPA. Moreover ‘encounter type’ between two ships is analyzed based on Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea and collision avoidance action is suggested. Some situations are simulated to verity the developed algorithm and appropriate avoidance action is shown in the simulation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.1023-1030
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• 2021

Korea Maritime Safety Tribunal (KMST) statistics released in of 2019 indicated that most collision accidents involving small-size vessels with less than 20 gross-tonnage occur mainly due to operational carelessness, such as forward-looking negligence and unskilled vessel control. As an effective remedy, training and education for vessel operators are being strengthened to prevent accidents. However, collision accidents are increasing, and technical measures are continuously developed to reduce accidents caused by human factors. In this study, an avoidance algorithm and prototype of terminal-controller against collision between two nearby vessels was developed for implementation on relative navigation control by adopting WAVE telecommunication technology. Moreover, several sea trial tests were performed to verify the collision avoidance algorithm and control system using two fishing vessels for dif erent scenarios.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.910-914
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• 2023

With the technological innovation owing to the 4th industrial revolution, the maritime transportation is rapidly being developed with autonomous ships and systems. Particularly, autonomous ships will partially replace the manned ships and navigation among them remotely upon the degree of autonomy suggested by IMO. Accordingly, the remote operator and related research have increased as well. However, the data on the minimum required manpower for remote operators are lacking such as considering engage required situations and their co-occurrence probability. Therefore, this study proposes a simulation model that calculates the number of remote engage required situations by defining restricted water area and remote engage required situation as close-quarter situations based on accumulated trajectory data of actual ships. The findings are expected to be used as background materials to establish the appropriate manpower distribution of remote operators in remote operation centers.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.239-241
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• 2015

인적오류는 해양사고의 주요한 원인을 차지하고 있으나 그동안 이에 대한 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 해양사고의 인적요소 중 혼잡해역이나 협수로 등에서 타 선박에 대한 다양한 조우 상황별 항해사가 받는 스트레스 값을 실험하였다. 또한 GEV distribution을 적용하여 인적오류 평가모델을 개발하고자 하였고 선박 실험을 통하여 도출된 데이터를 통하여 분포함수와 스트레스 수치 사이의 오차를 계산하고 평가하였다. 향후 본 모델의 개발을 통하여 선박 운항자의 스트레스 정도를 예측 할 수 있고 이에 따른 사고 예방 조치 및 적절한 교육훈련 실시 등 다양한 인적 오류 저감을 위한 대책마련에 도움이 되고자 하는 목적이다.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.199-207
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• 2015

In ports of Korea, the marine traffic flow is congested due to a large number of vessels coming in and going out. In order to improve the safety and efficiency of these vessels, South Korea is operating with a Vessel Traffic Service System, which is monitoring its waters for 24 hours. However despite these efforts of the VTS (Vessel Traffic Service) officers, collisions are occurring continuously, the risk situation is analyzed that occurs once in about 20 minutes, the risk may be greater. It investigated to reduce these accidents by providing a safety standard for collision danger in a timely manner. Thus, this study has developed a risk prediction module to predict risk in advance. This module can avoid collision risk to adjust the speed and course of ship using a risk evaluation model based on ship operator's risk perspective. Using this module, the ship operators and VTS officers can easily be identified risks in complex traffic situations, so they can take an appropriate action against danger in near future including course and speed change. To verify the effectiveness of this module, this paper predicted the risk of each encounter situation and confirmed to be capable of identifying a risk changes in specific course and speed changes at Busan coastal water.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2013.06a
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• pp.332-334
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• 2013

우리나라를 비롯한 세계적인 물동량 증가로 국내 항만에 입출항하는 선박 척수의 지속적 증가, 연안 및 원양해역에서 선박간 위험한 조우상황의 빈번한 발생 등과 함께 국내 연안 해역에서의 해양사고 발생 건수가 꾸준하게 증가하고 있다. 최근 5년간의 해양사고의 주 원인으로 선원의 인적과실에 의한 해양사고가 약 90%에 달하며, 사고원인은 운항과실(항행법규위반, 조선부적절)이 대부분을 차지하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 인적과실로 인한 사고예방을 위해 진행되고 있는 BRM과 SHS교육의 문제점을 분석하고 효과적인 교육 훈련 지침을 제시하였다. 또한 안전운항 평가 모듈 마련에 이용하기 위해 항해사들의 판단에 맡겨져 있는 초동조치 개시거리와 안전 이격거리 설정을 설문자료를 바탕으로 정량화하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.12-13
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• 2018

For navigation safety, navigators have to be familiar with maneuverabilities. When a vessel encounters a danger of collisions and stranding, maneuverability is essential for the safety of ship. It is composed of turning, course change, speed change, etc. In the latter part, maneuverabilities and motion of Training Ship HANBADA are provided by full-scale measurement in the $10^{\circ}/10^{\circ}$ Zig-Zag Test, $20^{\circ}/20^{\circ}$ Zig-Zag Test and Turning Circle Test(Port and Starboard). It aims to provide information on maneuverabilities and motion of Training Ship HANBADA so that the navigators can take proper action to avoid.