• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.129-135
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• 2006

he purpose of this study is to measure bio-signal to investigate the driver's physiological response change under real situation using train simulator. The train simulator used in this study is KTX model and according to changes of driving situation, The bio-signal controlled by autonomic nervous system, such as GSR(Galvanic Skin Response), SpO2(Saturation percent O2), HR(Heart Rate), ECG(Electrocardiograph), EEG(Electroencephagram) and movement and response of eye were measured. Statistically significant difference in bio-signal data and eye movement activity pattern were investigated under several different driving speeds using analysis of variance (p<0.05). The GSR and HR value measured in average and mission speed operation is higher than in high-speed operation. β wave of EEG in average speed operation become more activated than in high speed operation. In accordance with a characteristic of rail vehicle, movement and response of eye in high-speed operation requiring relatively simple maneuver become less activated than in either average or mission speed operations. Conclusively, due to more careful driving controls in average and mission speed operation are required than in high-speed operation, level of mental and physical stresses of train driver was increased and observed through changes of bio-signal and eye movement measured in this study.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.83-91
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• 2020

Environmental conditions are known to impact human health and behavior, emotions such as pleasure, anxiety, and depression, and reduce stress. Interior design that elevates emotional comfort and satisfaction can help improve mental health and well-being. This study is a systematic review that analyzed previous empirical studies that explored the effect of interior design elements on the user's emotional response which is quantitatively evaluated by bio-signal and qualitatively evaluated through self-reported questionnaire surveys. This paper aims to derive the attributes of interior design and biometric indicators that affect the user's positive emotion through the synthesis of previous studies and to confirm the feasibility of measuring bio-signals as an objective evaluation tool for architectural design and as a quantitative research method. As a result of the review, the biometric data from EEG, fMRI, ECG, EMG, GSR, and eye-tracking were used to measure the participants' emotional responses, which were manifested as positive or negative depending on certain attributes of interior design such as the form, color, lighting, material and furniture. The attributes of interior design related to the positive emotional response were the curved shape, high ceiling, openness of space, and subdued tone colors. Standard lighting conditions and wooden spaces were related to stress reduction in terms of comfort and relaxation. The free arrangement of furniture was related to the user's positive emotions. On the other hand, consistent experimental protocols could not be found, and although the sample sizes of the studies were small, the studies have demonstrated the feasibility of the emotional response measurement by using the biometric data. Therefore this method can be a useful objective tool in the measurement of human-centric data in architectural design, and to develop the evidence-based design to induce positive emotions and minimize stress.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1995 no.11
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• pp.265-268
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• 1995

Signal averaging technique to improve signal-to-noise ratio has widely been used in various fields, especially in electrophysiology. Estimation of the EP(evoked potential) signal using the conventional averaging method fails to correctly reconstruct the original signal under EEG(electroencephalogram) noise especial]y when the latency times of the evoked potential are not identical. Therefore, a technique based on the bispectrum averaging was proposed for recovering signal waveform from a set o noisy signals with variable signal dalay. In this paper an improved bispectrum estimation technique of the RP signal is proposed using a confidence thresholding of the EP signal in frequency domain in which energy distribution of the EP signal is usually not uniform. The suggested technique is coupled with the conventional bispectrum estimation technique such as least square method and recursive method. Some results with simulated data and real EP signal are shown.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.935-939
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• 2003

The emotion recognition is one of the most significant interface technologies which make the high level of human-machine communication possible. The central nervous system stimulated by emotional stimuli affects the autonomous nervous system like a heart, blood vessel, endocrine organs, and so on. Therefore bio-signals like HRV, ECG and EEG can reflect one' emotional state. This study investigates the correlation between emotional states and bio-signals to realize the emotion recognition. This study also covers classification of human emotional states, selection of the effective bio-signal and signal processing. The experimental results presented in this paper show possibility of the emotion recognition.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2014.04a
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• pp.995-997
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• 2014

뇌파는 최근에 가장 많이 연구되고 있는 생체신호이다. 본 연구에서는 오픈 감정뇌파데이터인 DEAP Dataset를 활용한 데이터 분석 실험을 시행하였다. DEAP Dataset는 총 32개의 데이터이며, 32채널로 구성되어 있다. 전처리 과정에서는 디지털 필터인 IIR(Infinite Impulse Response) Filter를 사용하여 잡음을 제거하였고, 인공산물인 안구잡파(EOG: Electrooculograms) 제거에는 LMS(the Least Mean squares) 알고리즘을 사용하였다. 감정분류는 Valence-Arousal 평면을 사용하여 네 개의 감정으로 구분하였고, 분류 실험으로는 패턴인식 알고리즘인 SVM(support Vector Machine)를 사용하였다. 실험결과 SVM이 70%대의 결과를 도출하여 이전 실험결과보다 높은 정확도를 도출하였다.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1994 no.05
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• pp.53-56
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• 1994

We have developed biological signal measurement modules and data acquisition and control card for a biological signal measurement, archiving, and communication system (SiMACS). Biological signals included in this system are ECG, EEG, EMG, invasive blood pressure, respiration, and temperature. Parameters of each module can be controlled by PC-base IDPU (intelligent data processing unit) through a data acquisition and control card. The data acquisition and control card can collect up to 16 channels of biological signals with sampling rate of $50\;{\sim}\;2,000Hz$ and 12-bit resolution. All measurement moduls and data acquisition functions are controlled by microcontroller which receives commands from PC. All data transfers among PC, microcontroller, and ADC are done through a shared RAM access by polling method for real rime operation.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.227-236
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• 2007

Ubiquitous systems have grown explosively over the few years. Nowadays users' needs for high qualify service lead a various type of user terminals. One of various type of user interface, various types of effective human computer interface methods have been developed. In many researches, researchers have focused on using brain-wave interface, that is to say, BCI. Nowadays, researches which are related to BCI are under way to find out effective methods. But, most researches which are related to BCI are not centralized and not systematic. These problems brought about ineffective results of researches. In most researches related in HCI, that is to say - pattern recognition, the most important foundation of the research is to build correct and sufficient DB. But there is no effective and reliable standard research conditions when researchers are gathering brain-wave in BCI. Subjects as well as researchers do not know effective methods for gathering DB. Researchers do not know how to instruct subjects and subjects also do not know how to follow researchers' instruction. To solve these kinds of problems, we propose effective brain-wave DB building system using the five senses stimulation. Researcher instructs the subject to use the five senses. Subjects imagine the instructed senses. It is also possible for researchers to distinguish whether brain-wave is right or not. In real time, researches verify gathered brain-wane data using spectrogram. To verify effectiveness of our proposed system, we analyze the spectrogram of gathered brain-wave DB and pattern. On the basis of spectrogram and pattern analysis, we propose an effective brain-wave DB building method using the five senses stimulation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.517-518
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• 2023

최근 뇌-컴퓨터 인터페이스 분야에서는 뇌파 신호를 이용한 운동 심상 분류 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 뇌파는 개인별 차이가 큰 생체 신호로, 사용자에 독립적인 경우 추론이 어려워지는 문제가 있어 운동 심상 분류에서는 주로 피험자 종속적인 연구가 행해져 왔다. 본 논문에서는 컨볼루션 신경망 기반의 뇌파 분류 모델인 EEGNet 에 새로운 방식으로 개선한 Squeeze-and-Excitation block 을 적용해 피험자에 대해 독립적인 운동 심상 분류 성능을 향상시키는 방법을 제안하며, 제안한 Squeeze-and-Excitation block 을 적용한 모델이 기존 모델보다 높은 분류 성능을 보여주는 것을 실험적으로 확인하였다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.159-164
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• 2018

Biometric information does not need to be stored separately, and there is no risk of loss and no theft. For this reason, it has been attracting attention as an alternative authentication means for existing authentication means such as passwords and authorized certificates. However, there may be a privacy problem due to leakage of personal information stored in the server. To overcome these weaknesses, FIDO solved the problem of leakage of personal information on the server by using biometric information stored on the user device and authenticating. In this paper, we propose a multiple biometric authentication method that can be used in FIDO environment. In order to utilize multiple biometric information, fingerprints and EEG signals can be generated and used in FIDO system. The proposed method can solve the problem due to limitations of existing 2-factor authentication system by authentication using multiple biometric information.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.195-202
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• 2016

There have been many studies on subject tests for 3D contents using 3D glasses, but there is a limited research for 3D contents using autostereoscopic display. In this study, we investigated to assess usability of electroencephalogram (EEG) as an objective evaluation for 3D contents with different quality using autosteroscopic display, especially for lenticular lens type. The image with optimal quality and the image with distorted quality were separately generated for autostereosopic display with lenticular lens type and displayed sequentially through lenticular lens for 26 subjects. EEG signals of 8 channels from 26 subjects exposed to those images were detected and correlation between EEG signal and the quality of 3D images were statistically evaluated to check differences between optimal and distorted 3D contents. What we found was that there was no statistical significance for a wave vibration, however b wave vibration shows statistically significant between optimal and distorted 3D contents. b wave vibration observed for the distorted 3D image was stronger than that for the optimal 3D image. This results suggest that subjects viewing the distorted 3D contents through lenticular lens experience more discomfort or fatigue than those for the optimum 3D contents, which resulting in the greater b wave activity for those watching the distorted 3D contents. In conclusion, these results confirm that electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis can be used as a tool for objective evaluation of 3D contents using autosteroscopic display with lenticular lens type.