• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.73-76
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• 2001

쓰레기를 매립한 후 매립장에서 유출되는 침출수는 높은 생물학적 산소요구량(Biological Oxygen Demand: BOD)으로 인해서 지하수 오염과 더불어서 식생에도 부정적인 영향을 줄 수 있다. 더욱이 산업쓰레기에는 중금속이 다량 들어 있어서 침출수의 집적, 유출로 인해서 토양을 오염시켜 생태계를 위협하고 있다(정종관과 장원, 1995).(중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.174-178
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• 1999

현재 농가에 많이 보급되어 있는 플라스틱피복 파이프 온실은 폭설이나 돌풍을 비롯한 강풍하에 놓이게 되면, 피복재의 파손이나 구조적인 붕괴현상으로 인하여 온실내 재배작물이 치명적인 피해를 입는 경우가 발생하게 된다. 실예로 1994년 2월 12일의 폭설과 1995년 7월 23일의 태풍 등 최근 2년을 연속하여 폭풍이나 강풍으로 막대한 피해를 경험한 바 있으며, 1997년 11월 12일의 나주 돌풍, 1998년 1월 8일 서부 경남지역의 강풍을 동반한 폭설, 1999년 8월 3일에 상륙한 태풍 올가 등은 온실과 같은 경량구조물의 안전을 크게 위협하고 있다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.309-312
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• 2006

최근에는 산업의 발전에 따라 다종 다양한 형태의 중금속이 이용되고 있지만 처리공정의 효율상의 한계성 때문에 미량의 중금속이 배출되어 생태계의 치명적인 위협요소로 부각되고 있다. 중금속이 포함된 폐수는 일반적으로 여러 가지 방법이 있지만 생체물질을 이용한 생체흡착에 대한 연구 및 공정 개발이 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 생체흡착은 중금속이 생물체 표면이나 내부로 물리 화학 및 생물학적 상호작용에 의한 이온교환, 흡착등 다양한 기작에 의해 수용액으로부터 중금속이 제거되는 것이다. 본 연구에서 바실러스에 의한 EPS 물질을 추출하였으며 포자화 전과 후의 EPS를 이용하여 중금속제거 실험을 하였다. EPS 물질은 Protein이 Carbohydrate보다 많은 함량을 보였으며 중금속 제거는 포자화 전보다 포자화 후의 EPS가 더 많이 제거되는 것으로 나타났다.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.22
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• pp.113-144
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• 2010

Bioterrorism is becoming more attractive to terrorist groups owing to the dramatic increase in the utility and lethality of biological weapons in line with today's cutting-edge biological science and technology. The Republic of Korea is facing both internal and external terrorist threats, as well as the possible biological warfare by North Korea. Therefore, it is essential to establish an effective bioterrorism response system in the ROK. In order to come up with the adequate response system for the ROK, an in-depth study has been conducted on the current bioterrorism response system of the U.S. whose preparedness is considered relatively adamant. As a result, the following facts have been found: (1)the legislation with regard to bioterrorism has been established or amended according to the current situation in the U.S., (2)the counter terrorism activities have been integrated with the Department of the Homeland Security as the central agency in order to maximize the national CT capacity, (3)Specific procedures and instructions to cope with bioterrorism have been made into manuals so as to enhance the working-level response capabilities. Next, the analysis on the ROK's bioterrorism response system has been performed in various categories, including the legislation system, task role distribution, cooperative relations, and resource application. It turned out that the ROK's legislation basis is relatively weak and it lacks the apparatus to integrate the bioterrorism response activities on the national level. The shortage of the adequate response facilities and resources, as well as the poor management of manpower have also emerged as problems that hinder the effective CT implementations. Through an analytical and comparative study of the U.S. and the ROK systems, this paper presents several ways to ameliorate improve the current system in the ROK as follows: (1)establish the anti-terrorism law, which would be the basic legal basis for the bioterrorism-related matters; and make revisions to the disaster-related legislation, relevant to bioterrorism response activities, (2)establish an integrated body that has a powerful authority to coordinate the relevant CT agencies; and converge the decentralized functions to maximize the overall response capacity, (3)install the laboratories with a high biosafety level and secure enough of the strategic medical stock-pile, (4)enhance the ability of the inexperienced response personnel by providing with a manual that has detailed instructions.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.321-349
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• 2016

According to the recent observation by NOAA(US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration), 2015 is the warmest year based on global average temperature since 1880. The air temperatures in the Arctic have been rising at almost twice the global average and the extent and thickness of sea ice in the Arctic have declined. And the warming process in the Arctic is accelerating rapidly. These impacts of drastic change in sea ice caused by climate change in the Arctic threaten the eco-system service and biodiversity in the Arctic. This study intends to estimate the economic value on changes in eco-system services and biodiversity of the Arctic caused by climate change. The result of the valuation indicates that the total benefit from improvement of ecosystem in the Arctic ranges from 318.6 billion won to 715.9 billion won per annum. Replication scenarios can be explored into two broad categories in future studies: scenarios in consideration of conflicts of different stakeholders and scenarios based on wider or narrower definition of biodiversity in the Arctic.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.833-838
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• 2015

Multidrug-resistant super bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic infections are major health threaten pathogens. However, to overcome the present healthcare situation, among the leading alternatives to current drugs are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are abundantly produced via various species in nature. AMPs, small host defense proteins, are in charge of the innate immunity for the protection of multicellular organisms such as fish, amphibian, reptile, plants and animals from infection. The number of AMPs identified per year has increased steadily since the 1980s. Over 2,000 natural AMPs from bacteria, protozoa, fungi, plants, and animals have been listed into the antimicrobial peptide database (APD). The majority of these AMPs (>86%) possess 11–50 amino acids with a net charge from 0 to +7 and hydrophobic percentages between 31–70%. This report classified AMP into several categories including biological source, biological functions, peptide properties, covalent bonding pattern, and 3D structure. AMP functions not only antimicrobial activity but facilitates cell biological activity such as chemotatic activity. In addition, fibroblastic reticular cell (FRC) originated from mouse lymph node stroma induced the expression of AMP in inflammatory condition. AMP induced from FRC contained whey acidic protein (WAP) domain. It suggests that the classification of AMP will be done by protein domain.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.12-24
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• 1992

The application of island biogepgraphy and habitat fragmentation theory to protected area management in Korea is discussed. The accelerating destruction and degradation of natural habitats, with the associated erosion of biodiversity, demands and urgent response and a critical review of attitudes to protected area management. The flora of Korea will continue to change in both distribution and status in response to these man induced changes. The conservation and management of ecosystems, because of the variety of threats and the varying levels of biodiversity to be conserved, requires an integrated approach. Such an approach assesses the variety of threats, prevalent and potential, and responds with a strategy combining habitat, species and population management. The application of island biogeography, habitat fragmentation and edge effects theory to conservation strategies in Korea will assist in the understanding of the dynamic relationships between the isolation. degradation and fragmentation of surviving habitat patches. The application of such approaches is discussed with recommendations made for the adoption of an increasingly scientific approach to plant conservation based upon a knowledge of the conservation status and distribution characteristics of the Korean flora. Such data combined with demographic studies on topics such as Minimum Viable Population Size will allow an integrated approach to plant and habitat conservation to progress.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.691-704
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• 2020

The Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries has designated 17 species as harmful marine organisms with the purpose of managing harmful marine species that threaten health and property. In designating and managing harmful marine species, detailed and effective regulations were originally established in November 2015, and a minor amendment of the directive was published in 2019 - Directive on Designating and Managing Marine Ecosystem Invasive Species and Harmful Marine Species (hereinafter, the Directive). Thus, this study had two aims: Firstly, to increase public awareness of the harmful marine species management system run by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries via description of the present harmful marine species risk assessment system. Secondly, to improve the current risk assessment system by providing policy suggestions developed through review of the present harmful marine species designation and management system. In so doing, this study reviewed the 'harmful marine species - harmfulness risk assessment system' in both the definitions of "risk" and "assessment". As a result, the present definition of 'risk' adequately fulfills the policy aims on the Regulation of Marine Ecosystem, which includes an economic value. However, it seems that there is a loophole in the rules of risk assessment, lacking terms of reference in the definition of "risk". Moreover, with regards to risk assessment, a quantitative risk assessment system was sufficient but lacked elements of qualitative risk, suggesting future research in this area may prove useful in the management of harmful marine species.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.92-104
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• 2018

The loss of biodiversity has become a global issue. In order to cope with this problem, national biodiversity strategies and action plan (NBSAP) at national level as well as local biodiversity strategies and action plan (LBSAP) at local level have been established in many countries. In this study, we analyzed 8 domestic LBSAPs and 41 foreign LBSAPs through semantic network analysis to investigate the characteristics of domestic and foreign LBSAPs. The results showed that conservation and management were the most used keywords in both domestic and foreign LBSAPs but the ranking of other keywords used in vision, goal, strategy, and action plan sector was different. Thus, it has been found that there is a difference between domestic and foreign practical approaches to conservation and management of biodiversity. Results of the network analysis showed that the domestic network has a more detailed distributed network, while the foreign network has a more comprehensive and integrally configured dense network. These differences may be due to differences of threats to biodiversity, problem recognition, or differences in local circumstances. These results are expected to help establish LBSAP in other region or to assess the local roles to achieve the strategic goals of the Convention on Biological Diversity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.314-340
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• 2023

Vascular plants of Yeonhwasan Mt., located in Taebaek-si, Gangwon-do, were investigated. Field surveys were conducted fourteen times between April and September of 2022. A total of 505 taxa were found consisting of 87 families, 282 genera, 441 species, 15 subspecies, 41 varieties, and 8 forma. Among them, the endemic plants of Korea were 22 taxa. The number of threatened and near threatened Red List plants designated by the Korean National Arboretum was four, comprising each one of critically endangered (CN), endangered (EN), vulnerable (VU), and near threatened (NT) species. The number of floristic target plants designated by the Ministry of Environment was 102, including one taxon of level V, 9 taxa of level IV, and 34 taxa of level III. Invasive alien plants were 34 taxa, and three taxa were ecosystem disturbance plants. The urbanization index of investigated site was 12.8%, and the naturalization index was 6.7%. To wisely manage Yeonhwasan, measures for preserving biodiversity and preventing invasive plants are needed.