• 보존과학연구
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• s.32
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• pp.137-153
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• 2011

Paper cultural heritages in museums and libraries are deteriorated by many biological factors like as fungi, insects, bacteria and rodents and get irreversibly damaged. Especially, paper components like as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, pectins, tannins, proteins and mineral additives are good nourishment for microorganism. Through some studies on fungi causing the aging of paper materials, Aspergilli (about 30%) and Penicilli (more than 30%) are the most common among 300 different kinds of microorganism that caused the biological aging of paper cultural heritages in museums and libraries. At present, various treatments are attempted to control the biodeterioration by these fungi. Especially, it is focused on the control of environmental factors such as humidity, temperature and oxygen. In this study, the oxygen absorbent was used to control oxygen, one of the these favorable conditions during the biological aging of Hanji by Aspergillus versicolor and Penicillium polonicum and then the effect on prevention in aging by this treatment was investigated. In result, the oxygen absorbent treatment had the good effect on prevention in aging during the biological aging by two species of fungi.

• KOMUNHWA
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• no.35
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• pp.103-117
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• 1989

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.157-164
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• 2010

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.64-72
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• 2007

The biodeterioration behaviors of square post to support the wooden printing blocks Shelves in the Janggeongpanjeon were investigated according to the positions and parts of square post, and environmental conditions. It was found that a high differences of deterioration in the progressing levels of wood decay, according to the positions and parts of square post, and environmental conditions. The decay levels were very high and still progressing in the contacted areas with stone foundation which are about up to 50 cm above it. In the decay type, white rot fungi was mainly affected in the inside of building which mainly made of softwood. The decay in the square posts to support the wooden printing block shelves inside of building was worse in the rear side, compared to front side. The insects was not found in most of square posts excluding the post which was neighboring at the infected round column by insect.

• Clean Technology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.87-98
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• 2018

Phosphorus (P) is an essential and irreplaceable element for all living organisms, and it is widely used as a fertilizer. Unfortunately, it is estimated that phosphate reservoir is depleted within about 100 years. Sewage sludge ash (SSA) is an alternative resource for P recovery because of its high P content. However, SSA cannot be directly used as a fertilizer due to heavy metals in it and low P bioavailability. Thermochemical treatment with Cl donor is known to reduce heavy metal contents and increase P bioavailability of SSA. Literature review on thermochemical technologies of SSA for the reduction of heavy metals and bioavailability enhancement has been carried out to estimate the status of current P recovery technology and to develop strategic future research plan for P recovery. The review showed that $CaCl_2$ and $MgCl_2$ were the most effective Cl donors and reaction temperature (< $1000^{\circ}C$) was the critical operation condition for the reduction. The removal efficiency depends on the species of heavy metals. Thermochemical technology of SSA for P recovery showed the possibility of commercial application in the near future to overcome the coming crisis of human sustainability by P depletion, but it needs cost effectiveness and more ecofriendly process to reduce energy consumption.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.51-63
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• 2007

The biodeterioration behaviors of wooden parts in the Janggeongpanjeon built in 15 century were investigated according to the types of wood species, positions and parts of wooden column, and environmental conditions. It was found that a high differences of deterioration in the progressing levels of wood decay, according to the types of wood species, positions and parts of wooden column, and environmental conditions. The decay levels were high in the contacted areas with stone foundation which are about up to 8~40 cm above it, although it was shown the many of wooden parts of the round columns are still good condition. In the case of decay type, it was shown the brown-rot in many of the columns at outside of building which made of hardwoods. The decay in position of the columns was most serious in the directions of east-north, west-north and north. It was also indicated that the durability of Zelkova serrata was higher than other wood species of the round columns, while it was in inferior anti-insects.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2008

The deterioration of Korean traditional wooden house located in seoul was estimated. This house was attacked by termite. To estimate damage status of buildings, non-destructive methods were applied. Some of the post needed to be replaced due to low strength, estimated by nondestructive methods. The house was installed with boiler heating facility, to use office and public education. This kind of heating system changed the environmental condition of the wooden house. The termite which attacked the house was classified as Reticulitermes speratus. Because of durability of wooden house effected by environment, control of the environmental condition is essential for maintaining the wooden house. The installation of modern facility to traditional wooden house should not change the traditional structure and do not effect to durability of wooden house.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.180-191
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• 2022

Wooden cultural heritage are exposed to the external environment as they and there are many difficulties in conservation due to their location and size. Among them, biological damage caused by termites or mold consumes a lot of money and time. Select and use wood preservatives to prevent biological damage: Wood preservatives were selected and the worst environmental conditions, temperature 60±3℃, humidity 55±5%, and light intensity of 0.35 W/m², were subjected to aging treatment to analyze chemical changes. Through the deterioration process, it was confirmed that the change in color difference decreased in the wood preservative treatment compared to the Control group. As a result of measuring the content of the active ingredient contained in the deterioration process of the wood preservative, it was confirmed that the active ingredient content of Gori22 and Bondex Preserve III was higher than that of the comparative Wood Keeper A. Through experiments, the shelf life and treatment period can be predicted by measuring the extent to which wood preservatives affect the change of wood specimens during the deterioration process and the content of active ingredients. In conclusion, various wood preservatives were prepared, and the possibility of selectively selecting wood preservatives according to the environment, topography and period was presented as a major evaluation factor.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.320-325
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• 2002

우리나라의 씨감자 생산체계는 기본종, 기본식물, 원원종, 원종, 보급종 등 5단계의 증식체계를 거쳐 씨감자를 생산농가에 보급하고 있으나 보급률은 25% 정도 밖에 안되는 실정이다. 또한 씨감자 증식과정에서 토양중 괴경이나 지상부 경엽이 병해충에 쉽게 노출되기 때문에 병해충의 감염을 완전히 차단하는 것은 불가능하다. 따라서 현재의 증식단계를 줄여야 씨감자의 품질이 향상될 것이므로 이것을 실현하기 위해서는 상위단계 씨감자의 생산력을 획기적으로 증대시킬수 있는 기술이 전제되어야 한다(구, 2002). (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.171-176
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• 2009