• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.84-98
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• 2022

Estuary is important in terms of biodiversity because it has the characteristics of transition waters, created by the mixing of fresh- and seawater. The estuarine water circulation provides a variety of habitats with different environments by inducing gradients in the chemical and physical environment, such as water quality and river bed structure, which are ultimately the main factors influencing biological community composition. If the water circulation is interrupted, the loss of brackish areas and the interception of migration of biological communities will lead to changes in the spatial distribution of biodiversity. In this study, among the sites covered by the Estuary Aquatic Ecosystem Health Assessment, we selected study sites where changes in biodiversity can be assessed by spatial gradient from the upper reaches of the river to the lower estuarine area. The α-, γ- and β-diversity of diatom, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish communities were calculated, and they were divided into open and closed estuary data and compared to determine the trends in biodiversity variation due to estuarine circulation. As results, all communities showed higher γ-diversity at open estuary sites. The benthic macroinvertebrate community showed a clear difference between open and closed estuaries in β-diversity, consequently the estuarine transects were considered as a factor that decreases spatial heterogeneity of their diversity among sites. The biodiversity trends analyzed in this study will be used to identify estuaries with low γ- and β-diversity by community, providing a useful resource for further mornitoring and management to maintain estuarine health.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2002

Copepods play an important role as a primary consumer in the various aquatic ecosystems. Most of marine benthic copepods belong to the Order Harpacticoida, and are known over 3,000 species in the world. Research on the biodiversity of the benthic copepods are important in the development of the new bio-resources, and the genetic resources. The importances and the prospects of biodiversity research on the mavins benthic copepods are discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.414-415
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• 2000

남해안의 중부에 위치한 삼천포 근해의 진주만과 자란만 등은 경남 사천군, 남해군 및 고성군에 접해있으며, 만 주변에는 여러 개의 섬이 산재해 있는 반폐쇄적인 만이다. 진주만의 안쪽에는 사천만이 위치해 있으며, 윗쪽은 남강의 하류 지역이다. 일반적으로 동물성 부유생물은 식물성 부유생물에 의해 합성된 유기에너지를 어류와 같은 더 높은 영양 단계로 전달하는 일차 소비자의 역할을 담당하며, 동물성 부유생물의 분포는 다양한 해양 생태 환경에 영향을 받는다. 동물성 부유생물은 피식과 종간 경쟁같은 생물적인 요인(Parsons et al., 1984)뿐만 아니라, 유영 능력이 미약하기 때문에 수온, 염분같은 물리적인 특성에 의해서도 영향을 받는다(Barlow, 1955; Lance, 1963). (중략)

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.629-637
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• 2022

It is at risk of depletion of biodiversity due to indiscriminate overfishing of ecosystems and destruction of habitats. Intensive fertilizers or development of related facilities to increase agricultural production in poor indigenous areas devastate the soil. Preservation of biodiversity is now emerging as an important issue of global human coexistence. After the Post-2020 GBF Declaration, all governance in agricultural development in indigenous agricultural areas should be supported and promoted as biodiversity conservation measures. A compromise plan to reduce ecosystem development and biodiversity loss can help establish public governance policies. In this paper, a viability kernel used for viable control feedback analysis is introduced to solve conflicting economic and ecological problems in ecosystem conservation, and a mathematical model on biodiversity conservation by the viability kernel is examined. Because all species in the ecosystem are interdependent, if the balance is broken, biodiversity is depleted, which is irreversible and eventually leads to extinction. For sustainable use and harmony of biological resources, a lot of policy consideration is required, such as creative governance that can efficiently protect all species. Subsidies or tax incentives have a direct impact on biodiversity conservation. The recovery of species in a state of decreasing biodiversity can be said to be of great economic value. Biodiversity will allow indigenous producers to be proud of their unique traditional knowledge and have a positive impact on local tourism, thereby enhancing regional identity and greatly contributing to the survival and prosperity of mankind.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.9-9
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• 2011

제주지역은 8,000여종의 생물종다양성 자원을 가진 생물유전자원의 보고로 알려져 있으며, 종다양성자원을 활용한 산업개발 잠재력이 크다고 평가 받고 있다. 특히 아열대 생물자원에 대한 산업개발 가치는 매우 높다 할 수 있다. 현재, 제주지역 생물산업 분야 연구인력은 430여명, 연간 학 석 박사 졸업생은 600여 명으로 전문인력 배출면에서 양적으로는 풍부한 상황이며, 도내 생물산업 관련 연구기관은 45개로 양적으로는 적은 편이 아니나 질적인 측면에서는 기술혁신역량이 다소 부족 형편이다. 도내 생물산업체는 250여 개로 대부분 저부가가치 농수산물 단순가공 및 식품가공업이나, 최근에 향장품산업체를 포함하는 중견기업이 유치되고 있다. 특히, 지방산업기술 혁신을 통한 지역 산업간 기술 격차를 완화하여 광역경제권 실현을 앞당기고 지역 균형발전 및 지역경제 활성화에 기여하기 위한 사업으로 제주의 다양한 생물자원을 활용한 건강 뷰티 생물산업을 지역 특화산업으로 육성하기 위해 산업화 소재를 발굴하고 기술개발을 전담하는 연구기관이 절실하게 필요함에 따라 국가균형발전 및 지역산업기술 고도화를 위한 지식경제부의 지자체연구소육성사업계획으로 제주생물종다양성연구소가 설립되었으며, 본 연구소에서는 생물자원 정보 구축, 보존 관리 체계 확립으로 생물주권을 확보하고 1, 3차산업 중심의 산업구조를 개선 및 기업 유치 보육을 통한 건강 뷰티 생물산업 육성을 목표로 고용창출 및 균형발전에 이바지 하고 있다. 현재, 제주생물종다양성연구소는 (재)제주테크노파크 부설연구소로 통합 운영 중에 있으며, 제주 향토생물자원 산업화 거점 연구기관으로서 제주자생식물 및 잉여 농수산물을 활용한 기능성 제품 개발 지원, 향토생물자원 발굴 및 고부가가치 산업 소재화 기술개발을 통해 향토산업 육성 등 지역 경제발전에 이바지하고 있다. 이에 본 연구소에서 수행 중인 제주 특산 향토자원을 이용한 산업화 현황을 소개하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.59-61
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• 2001

휘발성 유기화합물로 오염된 가스 제거를 위한 최적 조건을 찾고자 VOC를 생물학적 처리방법 중 하나인 생물여과기를 이용하여 조사하였다. 100여일 운영 후, 25와 $45^{\circ}C$조건 보다 $32^{\circ}C$조건에서 휘발성 유기화합물의 분해력이 높게 나타났다. 생물여과기는 다양한 휘발성 유기화합물 농도와 EBRT 조건에서 약 100일간 운전되었으며, 최대 제거량 128 $g/m^{3}h$에서 113 $g/m^{3}h$ 임을 알 수 있었다. 휘발성 유기화합물은 체류시간 1～3 min에서 제거율이 30～96%까지 변화하는 것을 보여 주었다. 이상의 휘발성 유기화합물 중 일부는 심각한 환경문제를 야기시키므로 이들 휘발성 유기화합물을 완전 제거하거나 최소화시킬 수 있다면 생물여과 시스템은 안정성과 경제적 측면에서 매우 바람직하겠다. 본 연구 결과는 미생물을 이용한 생물여과법이 효과적인 처리 공정임을 보여주었고 혼합된 휘발성 유기화합물이 존재하더라도 그 성분을 동시에 분해할 수 있다는 결과를 보여 주었다.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.65-98
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• 2014

Plastics of the marine environment are broken gradually down into smaller particles by chemical weathering, called "microplastic". Microplastics absorb organic pollutants that are persistent bioaccumulative substances. If marine animals ingested microplastic added to contaminant, it will lead to a bioaccumation through the food web. It eventually destroy health of marine environment and is harmful to marine top predators including humans. Also, Microplastics can impact marine animals by leaching the endocrine disruptor in microplastic itself as well as playing an adsorbent role of organic pollutants. Persistent and bioaccumulative substances in Korea have been regulated in terms of chemical risk but existing regulations largely have been limited in land-based source management of microplastic. Thus, the harmful impact will be increased whether the microplastics absorbed contaminants. To prevent risk of persistent bioaccumulative substances, this study suggests the following: (1) the strict management of microplastic by designating the hazardous substances, (2) expand the use of biodegradable plastic, (3) the effort for reuse and recycle, (4) the expand of microplastic clean-up programs.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.91-104
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• 2008

In foreign countries, efforts are in progress to apply guidelines to minimize the loss of biodiversity within environmental assessment, yet those efforts have not been considered in Korea. If this continues, biodiversity in our nation will quickly diminish. Therefore, Korea needs to urgently prepare guidelines that minimize the loss of biodiversity. In this study 32 environmental impact assessment statements on express-highway construction projects were analyzed to evaluate potential problems with the current EIA system and to provide ideas on how to introduce a biodiversity/ecosystem item into the system. In the analyses of the 32 statements, few contents that deal with habitat/biodiversity were found and a lack of assessment of biodiversity issues was noticed in the EIA system in Korea. The system, therefore, should be improved to consider biodiversity issues in the survey, to predict impacts on biodiversity, and to establish corresponding mitigation measures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.785-795
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• 2018

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has recognized the risk of hull fouling and announced '2011 Guidelines for the control and management of ship's biofouling to minimize the transfer of invasive aquatic species'and is planning international regulations to enforce them in the future. In this study, to effectively respond to future international regulation, we introduce the case of leading countries related to management of hull fouling and also investigate environmental risk assessment techniques for in-water cleaning. Australia and New Zealand, the leading countries in hull fouling management, have established hull fouling regulations through biological and chemical risk assessment based on in-water cleaning scenarios. Most European countries without their government regulation have been found to perform in-water cleaning in accordance with the IMO's hull fouling regulations. In the Republic of Korea, there is no domestic law for hull fouling organisms, and only approximately 17 species of marine ecological disturbance organisms, are designated and managed under the Marine Ecosystem Law. Since in-water cleaning is accompanied by diffusion of alien species and release of chemical substances into aquatic environments, results from biological as well as chemical risk assessment are performed separately, and then evaluation of in-water cleaning permission is judged by combining these two results. Biological risk assessment created 40 codes of in-water cleaning scenarios, and calculated Risk Priority Number (RPN) scores based on key factors that affect intrusion of alien species during in-water cleaning. Chemical risk assessment was performed using the MAMPEC (Marine Antifoulant Model to Predict Environmental Concentrations), to determine PEC and PNEC values based on copper concentration released during in-water cleaning. Finally, if the PEC/PNEC ratio is >1, it means that chemical risk is high. Based on the assumption that the R/V EARDO ship performs in-water cleaning at Busan's Gamcheon Port, biological risk was estimated to be low due to the RPN value was <10,000, but the PEC/PNEC ratio was higher than 1, it was evaluated as impossible for in-water cleaning. Therefore, it will be necessary for the Republic of Korea to develop the in-water cleaning technology by referring to the case of leading countries and to establish domestic law of ship's hull fouling management, suitable for domestic harbors.

• 재활복지
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.171-188
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of three conditions-words frequency, word length, and animacy-on the performance of naming in nonfluent aphasic patients. 15 nonfluent aphasic patients and 15 normal adults were participated in this study. The words consist only of concrete nouns and confrontational naming test was used. The test consisted of 40 questions and the condition of word were frequency(low-frequency/high-frequency), length(1 syllable/3 syllables) and animacy(animate/inanimate). The result of the study was as follows. First, naming was performed better with high-frequency words than with low-frequency words in both groups. Second, naming was performed better with 1 syllable words than with 3 syllable words in both groups. Third, naming performance depending on animacy did not show significant differences in both groups. These results indicate that compared to animacy of word, word frequency and length have bigger influence on the naming, and the difference by word frequency was more pronounced for nonfluent aphasic patients than for normal adults. The results of this study suggest that target word for the assessment and intervention of nonfluent aphasic patients, words frequency should be considered first in clinical setting.