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http://dx.doi.org/10.11614/KSL.2022.55.1.084

Comparative Analysis of Diversity Characteristics (γ-, α-, and β-diversity) of Biological Communities in the Korean Peninsula Estuaries  

Oh, Hye-Ji (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University)
Jang, Min-Ho (Department of Biology Education, Kongju National University)
Kim, Jeong-Hui (EcoResearch Incorporated)
Kim, Yong-Jae (Department of Life Science, Daejin University)
Lim, Sung-Ho (Doohee Institute of Ecological Research, Korea Ecosystem Service Inc.)
Won, Doo-Hee (Doohee Institute of Ecological Research, Korea Ecosystem Service Inc.)
Moon, Jeong-Suk (Water Environmental Engineering Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Kwon, Soonhyun (Water Environmental Engineering Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research)
Chang, Kwang-Hyeon (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University)
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Abstract
Estuary is important in terms of biodiversity because it has the characteristics of transition waters, created by the mixing of fresh- and seawater. The estuarine water circulation provides a variety of habitats with different environments by inducing gradients in the chemical and physical environment, such as water quality and river bed structure, which are ultimately the main factors influencing biological community composition. If the water circulation is interrupted, the loss of brackish areas and the interception of migration of biological communities will lead to changes in the spatial distribution of biodiversity. In this study, among the sites covered by the Estuary Aquatic Ecosystem Health Assessment, we selected study sites where changes in biodiversity can be assessed by spatial gradient from the upper reaches of the river to the lower estuarine area. The α-, γ- and β-diversity of diatom, benthic macroinvertebrates, and fish communities were calculated, and they were divided into open and closed estuary data and compared to determine the trends in biodiversity variation due to estuarine circulation. As results, all communities showed higher γ-diversity at open estuary sites. The benthic macroinvertebrate community showed a clear difference between open and closed estuaries in β-diversity, consequently the estuarine transects were considered as a factor that decreases spatial heterogeneity of their diversity among sites. The biodiversity trends analyzed in this study will be used to identify estuaries with low γ- and β-diversity by community, providing a useful resource for further mornitoring and management to maintain estuarine health.
Keywords
estuary; alpha diversity; gamma diversity; beta diversity; diatoms; benthic macroinvertebrates; fish;
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