• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.423-424
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• 2017

상황버섯은 오랜 역사와 전통이 있는 소재로서 폴리페놀류가 함유되어 있어 항암, 혈중콜레스테롤 저하, 혈압강하 등의 약리효과가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 in vivo 실험을 통해 CPA (Cyclophosphamide)로 유도된 면역저하 마우스 모델에서 상황버섯 투여 농도에 따른 cytokine 활성 효과를 확인하여 상황버섯의 면역 증진 효과를 평가하고, 유효한 농도를 선정하여 시제품을 제작하고자 하였다. 연구결과, 림프기관 장기 무게(흉선, 비장, 악하림프절)와 혈청과 비장의 cytokine이 CPA군(CPA control)에 비해 상황버섯 추출물 투여군에서 유의적으로 증가하였다. 또한 실험을 퉁해 선정한 유효한 농도인 50 mg/kg의 농도로 시제품을 제작하였으며, 상황버섯 특유의 떫은 맛을 감쇄하기 위해 아스코르빈산과 NaHCO3을 첨가하여 최적 배합 비율을 선정하여 음료 200 mL당 상황버섯 추출물 55.6 mg (0.0278%), 아스코르빈산 200 mg (0.1%), NaHCO3 60 mg (0.03%)이 함유 되도록 제작하였다. 본 연구 결과 상황버섯추출물은 CPA로 인해 감소된 사이토카인 분비를 상향 조절함으로써 면역저하 상태를 개선시켜 면역 증진 효과가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.655-662
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• 2013

The antioxidant and anticancer effects of the edible mushrooms Lentinus edodes (LE, Pyogo mushroom) and Agaricus blazei (AB, Agaricus mushroom), and the medicinal mushrooms Cordyceps militaris (CM, Dong chunghacho), Ganoderma lucidum (GL, Youngji mushroom), Inonotus obliquus (IO, Chaga mushroom), and Phellinus linteus (PL, Sangwhang mushroom) were studied in vitro. The bioactive components were extracted by methanol. The antioxidant effects were evaluated using the DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. The antioxidant activities of medicinal mushrooms (35~90%) were higher than edible mushrooms (4~23%). The in vitro anticancer effects of the mushrooms were evaluated using the MTT assay in AGS gastric adenocarcinoma cells, HCT-116 colon carcinoma cells, and HepG2 hepatoma cells. The medicinal mushrooms CM, GL, IO, and PL showed 28~91% inhibition, while the edible mushrooms LE and AB exhibited 5~40% inhibition. The medicinal mushrooms, compared to edible mushrooms, effectively down-regulated the gene expression of the anti-apoptosis related gene Bcl-2 and inflammation-related genes iNOS and COX-2, and up-regulated the pro-apoptosis gene Bax (p<0.05). Total polyphenol and flavonoids contents of the medicinal mushrooms were 9.1~35.7 mg/g, while the edible mushrooms showed 0~13.3 mg/g. This study showed that antioxidant activities and anticancer activities in vitro increased in the order LE, AB, GL, CM, IO and PL. LE and AB showed the lowest effects among the samples, GL and CM had medium effects, and IO and PL exhibited the highest effects in the antioxidant and anticancer effect for three different human cancer cells. Taken together, PL resulted in the highest and LE the lowest effects in this study.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.158-163
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• 2008

In this study, we have investigated the antibacterial, antioxidant, and antitumor activities of mycelium cultural extract from mushroom. Mushroom mycelium was grown in a synthetic liquid media such as PD broth, YM broth or citrus extracts. In antibacterial activity test, the best result was achieved when mycelium cultural extracts from Phellinus linteus and Coriolus versicolor were incubated together on YM broth. On the other hand, mushroom mycelium cultured on citrus extracts showed better activity than that on PD broth. We have also tested the antioxidant activity at concentration up to 10 mg of mycelium cultural extract/mL. The more it is in higher concentration, the more the activity increases. The higher antioxidant activity was observed both on PD broth containing the Phellinus linteus and Coriolus versicolor mycelium and citrus extract containing the same. The complex culture extracts obtained from the synthetic medium and citrus extract medium showed 10-89% of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenger activity. The antitumor activity of mycelium cultural extract was examined by using MTT assay on A549 cells. Mushroom mycelium cultured on citrus extracts showed interestingly higher antitumor activity than that on synthetic liquid media.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.1087-1096
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the physiological activity of extracts of fresh mushrooms. The components were extracted by hot water; subsequently, the hot-water extract was subjected to 60% ethanol precipitation to yield high-molecular-weight (HMW) and low-molecular-weight (LMW) fractions. Total polyphenol contents, $\beta$-glucan contents, electron-donating ability (EDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, nitrite-scavenging activity, fibrinolytic activity, nitric oxide (NO) production, and inhibition of NO production of the mushroom extracts were measured using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages, RAW 264.7 cells. The extracts of Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Singer and Pleurotus ostreatus (Fr.) Kummer contained the highest levels of $\beta$-glucan (33.5% and 25.57%, respectively). Further, the LMW fractions of the Phellinus linteus contained the highest levels of polyphenols (233.23 mg/g). The EDA of LMW fractions (10 mg/mL) of the Phellinus linteus and Agaricus bisporus were 80.74% and 51.35%, respectively. Further, SOD-like activities of the LMW fractions were high as compared to those of the HMW fractions. Nitrite-scavenging activities of the LMW fractions (pH 1.2; concentration, 10 mg/mL) of the Phellinus linteus and Pleurotus ostreatus (Fr.) Kummer were 75.95% and 41.05%, respectively. The fibrinolytic activity of the LMW fractions of all mushrooms showed no enzyme activity by fibrin plate assay. The fibrinolytic activity of the extracts of Tricholoma matsutake was the greatest inhibitory activity at 60.4%. Further study revealed that the mushroom extracts exhibited anti-inflammatory effects on RAW 264.7 cells. The LMW fraction ($500\;{\mu}g/mL$) of the Phellinus linteus considerably inhibited NO production (100%).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2010

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of water extracts from Phellinus linteus on lipid composition and antioxidative system in rats fed high fat high cholesterol diet. Rats were divided into four experimental groups which are composed of normal diet group, high fat high cholesterol diet group, high fat high cholesterol diet with 50 mg/kg b.w water extracts from Phellinus linteus supplemented group (PA group), high fat high cholesterol diet with 100 mg/kg b.w water extracts from Phellinus linteus supplemented group (PB group). The serum TG and cholesterol contents of the water extracts from Phellinus linteus supplemented groups (PA and PB groups) were decreased compared to the high fat high cholesterol diet group. The serum HDL-cholesterol contents of the water extracts from Phellinus linteus supplemented groups were increased compared to the high fat high cholesterol diet group. The serum LDL-cholesterol and AI of the water extracts from Phellinus linteus supplemented groups were significantly decreased compared to the high fat high cholesterol diet group. Supplementation of water extracts from Phellinus linteus groups (PA and PB groups) resulted in increased activities of superoxide dismutase. Hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) were increased compared to the high fat high cholesterol diet group. TBARS values in liver and plasma were reduced in water extracts from Phellinus linteus supplemented groups. These result suggest that supplementation of water extracts from Phellinus linteus may have a pronounced impact on lipid composition and antioxidative system in the rats fed high fat high cholesterol diet.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 2008

Phellinus linteus (Sang Hwang mushroom; P. linteusis) has been widely used for a traditional medicine in Japan, Korea and China. In traditional oriental applications, P. linteus and their extracts have been exclusively used to treat various diseases like insomnia, neurasthenia, gastric ulcers, arthritis, nephritis, stress, asthma, bronchitis, neuromuscular disorders, hypertension and also as an immune system stimulator in cancer therapy. In a number of articles, it is indicated how tremendous their therapeutic values are. According to these studies, P. linteus and their extracts show immunomodulatory activities like enhancing immune system function including anti-tumor activity and inhibiting the growth of existing tumors. P. linteus and their extracts have been being studied for use as immunotherapy agents and biological response modifiers (BRMs) for the possible treatment of cancer without side effects. Recently, the cultured mycelium product of P. linteus has been developed and approved as a medicine in Korea. This review shows not only the current status of methods of developmental technology like artificial culture and various biological applications of P. linteus but also recent market trends of functional foods made from P. linteus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.513-517
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• 2000

상황(Phellinus linteus) 및 아가리쿠스(Agaricus blazei Murill) 버섯으로부터 얻어진 메탄올 추출물과 이들 용매분획물에 대하여 마우스의 골수세포를 이용한 소핵 실험을 행하여 MNNG에 대한 유전독성 억제효과를 실험 하였다. 상황버섯 메탄올 추출물은 MNNG에 의한 소핵생성에 대하여 10.6~75.6%의 억제효과를 나타내었다. 또한 각각의 분획물의 경우 80mg/kg에서 에틸 아세테이트, 디에틸에케르, 부탄올, 클로로포름 그리고 물층이 각각 81.3,78.1,75.6,72.4 그리고 63.4%의 유전독성 억제 효과를 나타내었다. 아가리쿠스버섯 메탄올 추출물의 유전 독성 억제효과에서 양성대조군에 비하여 80mg/kg 투여시 86.2%의 억제효과를 나타내었으며, 디엘티에테르, 에틸 아세테이트, 클로로포름, 부탄올 그리고 물층 분획물의 경우 80mg/kg 투여시 86.2,81.3,78.1,69.9 및 61.8%의 억제효과를 나타내었다. 이상의 연구 결과에서와 같이 상황버섯과 아가리쿠스버섯의 추출물과 분획물들은 높은 유전독성억제효과를 나타냄으로서 건강식품으로서의 개발과 고부가가치의 의약품으로서 개발가능성을 가진 대단히 유용한 버섯임을 알 수 있었고, 다음 단계의 실험으로 이러한 생리활성을 나타내는 부분만을 분리, 정제하여 추가적인 검색 및 활용방안에 대하여 충분한 연구가 이루어져야 한다고 사료된다.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.91-95
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• 2008

Reactive oxygen species(ROS) or free radical-mediated oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiologic process of disease state. This study investigated antioxidative effects of Phellinus linteus extract on the generation of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical, superoxide anion radical(${O_2}^-$), hydroxyl radical(${\cdot}OH$), nitric oxide(NO), and peroxynitrite($ONOO^-$) radical and free radical-mediated protein oxidation under in vitro assay systems. This results showed that Phellinus linteus extract effectively inhibited the generation of free radicals in the all assay system with dose-dependent manner and also significantly reduced the protein oxidative level. Thus, the present study indicates that Phellinus linteus extract possesses a potent antioxidant activity and plays a beneficial role against free radical-induced oxidative injury.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.387-388
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• 2016

Among agricultural products, environmental temperature and humidity is an important factor that affects the growth of mushrooms. Mushrooms grow well in a certain temperature range, but if mushrooms deviate from the appropriate temperature range, mushrooms growth and development quality will become worse, and even stop growing. In this paper, the status of the mushroom bacteria, the growth of the mycelium, the occurrence of the fruiting bodies and the growth of the fungus were investigated, o as to provide reference for cultivation management technology of mushroom precise cultivation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.154-161
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• 2008

Phellinus linteus (PL) has been known to exhibit potent biological activity. The present study was designed to investigate lipase-inhibitory and anti-oxidative activity of the methanol extract and the powder of PL fruiting body. The methanol extract of PL appeared to have the inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase with an $IC_{50}$ value of $36.3\;{\mu}g/mL$, and the scavenging activity of DPPH radical with an $IC_{50}$ value of $20.1\;{\mu}g/mL$, which was similar to that of vitamin C ($IC_{50}\;18.3\;{\mu}g/mL$). To investigate the lipase-inhibitory and anti-oxidative effect of PL on animal, Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with high-fat diet supplemented with either 2% or 5% PL powder for 8 weeks. Total food intake was significantly increased, but body weight was not changed by PL powder supplementation. However, fecal fat excretion of the experimental groups fed with the PL powder were higher than that of the control group. PL powder showed a decrease in the plasma total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and the hepatic total cholesterol levels. The anti-oxidative enzyme activities were also affected by PL supplementation. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the plasma and liver were significantly increased by 98% and 46% in the 2% PL group, and 99% and 32% in the 5% PL group, respectively. Total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity was not affected by PL supplementation. DNA damage was measured by the comet assay in the lymphocytes collected after 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks of feeding PL supplemented diet. Lymphocyte DNA damage was decreased in the PL supplemented group. Furthermore, PL feeding enhanced the resistance to lymphocyte DNA damage caused by an oxidant challenge with $H_2O_2$.