• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.20 no.9
• /
• pp.238-248
• /
• 2020

This study examines the feelings of positivity and negativity generated through upward social comparison and explores the impact of the results of the emotions on SNS users' posting behavior. In particular, this study aims to systematically identify the influence of upward social comparison on SNS followers and uploaders' SNS usage behavior and the structural principle of social network circulation in which followers become uploaders again. According to the analysis, interaction-oriented followers made negative upward social comparison and positive upward social comparison, while negative upward social comparison reduced the publication of independence tendency. However, positive upward social comparison has been shown to increase both independent and interactive postings. The results of this study are meaningful in that SNS has expanded the results of prior studies, in which social comparison theories were biased toward negative upward comparisons, to positive upward comparisons. In addition, this study suggested a practical strategy for SNS platform operators on how SNS users would not deviate from other platforms.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.87-100
• /
• 2023

This study aimed to check the role of SNS upward comparison and SNS usage motivation in the effect of contingent self-esteem on inferiority feelings by verifying the link between each variable in young adults. Depending on passed studies, a study model for the relationship of each variable was founded and the moderated mediation effect was checked. We performed a survey on 400 young adults using SNS through an online survey, and finally, a total of 351 data were employed for analysis. The outcome of the analysis was as follows. First, contingent self-esteem, SNS upward comparison, SNS usage motivation, and inferiority feelings were all affirmed to reveal a positive correlation. Second, contingent self-esteem had an important impact on inferiority feelings, which was mediated by SNS upward comparison. Third, the relationship between SNS upward comparison and inferiority feelings was moderated by SNS usage motivation. Finally, SNS usage motivation moderated the indirect effect of contingent self-esteem on inferiority feelings via SNS upward comparison. Based on the results of this study, we presented the psychological and emotional implications that can experience the inferiority feelings in young adults.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
• /
• 2000.11b
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 2000

본 논문에서는 고품질의 DTV, HDTV와 인터넷 등의 고속 광대역 멀티미디어 서비스를 위한 HFC(Hybrid Fiber Coaxial)-CATV망의 상향채널을 SPW(Signal Processing Worksystem)를 사용하여 모델링하고, HFC-CATV망 상향채널의 문제점인 유입잡음의 영향을 전산모의 실험을 통해 분석하였다. 그리고 상향채널의 열악성을 극복할 수 있는 방법으로 트렐리스 부호화 변조(Trellis-Coded Modulation)와 OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)을 결합한 OFDM-TC8PSK 시스템을 제안하고 그 성능을 CATV 상향채널 환경에서 전산모의 실험하고 기존의 QPSK 시스템의 성능과 비교 분석하였다.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.59-77
• /
• 2015

Social networking sites (SNS), such as Facebook, provide abundant social comparison opportunities. Given the widespread use of SNSs, the purpose of the present study was to examine the impact of exposure to social media-based social comparison on user's negative emotions and discontinuous use intention on SNS. We present evidence that under the use of SNS, social comparison activities diverge into three patterns, with explicit self-evaluation desire made against similar target (lateral comparison), self-defense desire made against less fortunate target (downward comparison), and self-enhancement desire made with more fortunate target (upward comparison). Such social comparison processes frequently arise, as people are increasingly using on SNSs, the downward contacts ameliorating self-esteem with positive emotions, but the upward contacts and standard contacts with lateral status enabling a person to compare his or her situation with others and simultaneously increase negative emotions due to its differences with others. In other words, as people increasingly relying on SNSs for a variety of everyday tasks, they risk overexposure to upward or standard social comparison information that may have a cumulative detrimental impact on future intention on SNS use. This study with survey with 209 SNS users found that these negative emotions lead to negative fatigue (attitude) and then discontinuous use intention (behavior) on SNS. Our findings are among the first to explicitly examine discontinuous use intention on SNS using social comparison theory and our results are consistent with those of past research showing that upward social comparisons can be detrimental.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.91-102
• /
• 2020

Contingent self-esteem can be maintained by meeting the standards of social or introjected values. This study investigated whether social media-related contingent self-esteem was associated with depression in Instagram users; in a sample of 319 Instagram users, we examined the effect of contingent self-esteem on depression and the mediating effect of upward social comparison on this theorized relationship. The study findings indicated that higher contingent self-esteem predicted higher levels of depression for a week in Instagram users, which could be explained by the upward social comparisons made on this application, and showed that Instagram users with higher contingent self-esteem tended to compare themselves with other users they considered superior, thereby increasing their depression. This study provided evidence for the mechanism underlying the association between using social media and psychological well-being and indicated the vulnerability of contingent self-esteem within the social media context. Other implications and future research directions were also discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.183-191
• /
• 2006

The accuracy of the upward continuation is assessed through the gravity modeling using an ultra-high degree spherical harmonic expansion. The difficulties in the numerical calculation of Legendre function with ultra-high degree, underflow and/or overflow, is successfully resolved in 128 bit calculation scheme. Using the generated Legendre function, the gravity anomaly with spatial resolution of $1'{\times}1'$ on the geoid is calculated. The generated gravity anomaly is degraded and extracted with various noise levels and data intervals, then upward continuation is applied to each data sets. The comparison between the upward continued gravity disturbances and the directly calculated from the spherical harmonics showed that the accuracy on the direct method was significantly better than that of Poisson method. In addition, it is verified that the denser and less noised gravity data on the geoid generates better gravity disturbance vectors at an altitude. Especially, it is found that the gravity noise level less than 5mGal, and the data interval less than 2arcmin is necessary for next generation precision INS navigation which requires the accuracy of 5mGal or better at an altitude.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.16 no.12
• /
• pp.574-590
• /
• 2016

This research aims to examine the effects of various types of social comparison in SNS on users' life satisfaction. For this, this research posited four types of social comparison including upward contrast, upward identification, downward contrast and downward identification that might affect SNS users' life satisfaction. Several other factors including demographic variables, SNS usage time, offline social capital and social comparison orientation as control variables were taken into account and the moderating effects of social comparison orientation in the relationships between four types of social comparison and users' life satisfaction was also examined. An online survey was employed for collecting data and the date collected were analyzed with hierarchical regression analysis. The results showed that ages and marriage status have influences on SNS users' life satisfaction. It was proven that the degrees to which SNS users participate in family activities and club/group activities in which they are interested have correlations with their life satisfaction. The findings also revealed that only upward contrast and upward identification among four types of social comparison have influences on the life satisfaction and there is the moderating effect of social comparison orientation on the relationship between upward identification and life satisfaction. On the basis of the results, the necessity of new perspectives in understanding social comparison experience in SNS as compared to the existing literature were discussed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.483-488
• /
• 1983

비교적 저온의 순수물 속에 있는 수직얼음 원기둥 주위에서 일어나는 자연대류 현상을 수치계산 방법을 사용하여 이론적인 해를 추구하였으며 기존 실험결과와 비교하였다. 유동의 형태는 주위 유체의 온도에 따라서 상향유동, 하향유동, 이 양자가 동시에 존재하는 유동의 형태로 구분되었으 며 해를 구할 수 있는 영역내에서는 상향유동과 하향유동이 동시에 존재하는 구역에서 열전달율 이 최소가 됨을 알 수가 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2016.05a
• /
• pp.441-444
• /
• 2016

본 연구에서는 유입수의 유입 방향을 달리 하였을 때 각 여재의 처리효율 차이점을 조사하고자 하였다. 실험재료는 제올라이트, 화산석, 발포 세라믹, 폴리에틸렌(Poly Ethylene) 4종의 여재이며 총 용적 31 L의 아크릴반응조에 각각의 여재를 충진하였고 각각 상향류 및 하향류의 흐름 방식을 적용하여 2차에 걸쳐 여과실험을 진행하였다. 제거효율은 유입수 대비 유출수의 농도 변화를 통하여 관찰하였고, 수질 측정은 SS, COD, T-N, T-P 네 항목으로 수질공정시험법에 의거하여 분석하였다. 실험 결과 제올라이트는 SS, COD, T-N항목에서 상향류를 적용한 여과에서 제거효율이 높은 경향을 보였다. 특히 T-N항목의 경우 상향류 조건에서 49.2%, 하향류 조건에서 34.4%의 제거효율을 나타내 흐름조건별 제거효율에 가장 큰 격차를 보였다. 화산석의 경우 SS, COD, T-N항목은 흐름방식에 따른 제거효율에 주목할 만한 차이를 드러내지 않았으나 예외적으로 T-P항목만 상향류 조건에서 24.2%, 하향류 조건에서 15.9%의 제거효율을 나타냄으로써 상향류 조건에서 8.3% 높은 제거효율을 얻었다. 발포 세라믹 여재는 하향류를 적용한 여과에서 제거효율이 우세한 경향을 보였으며 특히 COD 항목의 경우 상향류 조건에서보다 하향류 조건에서 제거효율이 7.5% 향상된 결과를 얻었다. 폴리에틸렌 여재는 전반적으로 유입 조건에 따른 경향성을 나타내지 않았으나 예외적으로 SS항목의 경우 하향류 조건에서보다 상향류 조건을 적용한 여과에서 7.9% 높은 제거효율을 얻었다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.32 no.7A
• /
• pp.755-761
• /
• 2007

In this paper the uplink single carrier scheme is proposed for wireless Internet application and its performance is evaluated in terms of PAPR (peak to average power ratio) and ABR (achievable bit rate) compared with the uplink OFDM scheme. There exist constraints regarding the signal amplification because the non-linear amplifier should be exploited instead of the linear amplifier due to its high cost of linear amplifier and power inefficiency at the WiBro terminal. Therefore characteristics in the uplink scheme design are discussed in order to maximize ABR and relieve the requirements for the amplifier specifications.