• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.723-738
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• 2007

This paper draws some implications from Logarithmic Mean Weight Divisia Method (LMWDM) on the sources of $CO_2$ emission changes in the manufacturing sectors of Korea, UK, and USA. The sources of change in industrial $CO_2$ emission of a country, as manifested by production scale factor, structural factor, and technical factor, summarizes the forces behind the change in $CO_2$ emissions in each country's manufacturing sector. There are three observations. First one is that Korea's emission is increasing while USA and UK are experiencing reduction or stabilization of $CO_2$ emission in the manufacturing sector. Second implication is that the technical factor affecting $CO_2$ emission in Korea does not help much, or even hinder, the reduction of $CO_2$ emissions, comparing to USA and UK. Third one, which is the combined result of the first and the second one, is that Korea's increasing trend in aggregate $CO_2$ emission throughout the periods in consideration is mainly due to the failure in technical progress, or the deterioration in the structure of within subcategories, or both. The policy implications is clear. The obvious prescription is to launch a nation-wide policy drive which can revert these adverse trends.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.13-22
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• 2012

The spatial structure analysis using the existing space syntax has a weakness only to apply the road factor. Hence, it is necessary to perform a new spatial structure analysis considering the regional characteristics factor as well as the road factor. The purpose of this study is to propose a modified spatial structure analysis which adopts road and regional characteristics factors using the existing space syntax and GIS and then to apply it to the spatial structure analysis of the urbanized areas in Hapdeok town. For the new analysis, the experts' survey has been conducted to derive the spatial structure factors of the area and their relative weights. Specifically, it drew the road factor as well as the regional characteristics factors such as road, district, land value, and building density. This study shows that the existing spatial structure analysis considering only the road factor does not reflect the actual spatial structure but the modified spatial structure analysis considering the road factor and the regional characteristics factors more accurately analyzes the spatial structure of Hapdeok town. Hapdeok is not an area where road networks were developed along main development axis and its centrality was changed, but an area where road networks were developed by effectiveness and equity and its centrality was changed by downtown decline. The towns like Hapdeok is more suitable for applying the modified spatial structure analysis method considering the regional characteristics factors. Further research is required for selecting characteristics factors and appropriate parameters in the modified spatial structure analysis. Further case studies await in other cities for conducting its verification.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.91-107
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• 2011

This paper is concerned about applying the Fuzzy-AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) for an analysis of logistics network between Gwangyang port and China ports. In this study, measurement areas were selected for hardware aspect, software aspect, and marketing aspect. As for the analysis regarding measurement area, the results were shown as follows: a marketing aspect(38.7%) as the first rank: a hardware aspect(35.3%) as the second rank: a software aspect(26.0%) as the third rank. The analysis result of hardware aspect reveals that the most important element is regular route addition between Gwangyang port and China ports(45.2%). The most important element of software and marketing aspect were a government support(46.4%) and a high value transshipment cargo inducement(36.4%). As for the whole priority which conversion weight was applied, the results were shown as follows: a regular route addition between Gwangyang port and China ports(15.9%) as the first rank: a high value transshipment cargo inducement(14.1%) as the second rank: a attracting import cargo from China(12.9%) as the third rank. The result of this study suggests some guidelines for deciding priority of logistics network between Gwangyang port and China ports.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.187-214
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• 2012

Korea's national income statistics have been compiled by the Bank of Korea since 1953. However, there is a break in the time series. The current time series (1970 onward) is based on the '1993 SNA (System of National Accounts)' suggested by the UN, and the previous time series (1953~1970) was based on the '1953 SNA'. The difference between the previous and current time series is 4.8% in 1970 when the two series overlap. The difference is even greater in terms of comparisons across industries. In addition, it has now become even more difficult to connect the current and the previous time series because, in 2009, the Bank of Korea introduced a chain weighted method for calculating the current time series (1970 onward). Under the chain weighted method, the time series underwent substantial modification; for instance, the economic growth rate during 1970~2005 is 0.9%p higher than the rate under the general method. This paper applies chain weighted values and the '1993 SNA' to the previous time series (1953~1970) by utilizing various national account manuals published by the UN and previous Korean input-output tables in order to calculate a long term time series from 1953 to 2010 based on the same criteria as the current time series (1970 onward). In the revised time series, it appears that 1953 GDP at current basic prices is 3.5% higher and the growth rate for the period of 1953~1970 is 1.5%p higher each year than under the previous time series. Under the revised time series the size of the Korean economy as of 2010 is 50-fold bigger than that of 1953. In terms of industries, manufacturing and SOC show significant expansion whereas the extent of that of the service industry is relatively small.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.225-234
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• 2013

The indices to choose the object countries for developing overseas industrial park were developed and applied in this paper. The results are showing as follows. First, the Korean enterprises are branched out into total 128 countries as of the first quarter of 2010, and the 13 asian countries including China, Vietnam, Japan, and Hongkong shows the majority of precedence 20 countries among the reported during 1980-2010. Second, the 3 steps of selecting the principal region to branch out, establishing assessment indices and criteria, and choosing strategical target counties were developed to choose the countries for developing overseas industrial park. The 38 of 128 countries were selected where the GDP per capita is lower than Korea, and the local reports of incorporation during 2007-2010 are more than 10 times. Then, the 10 countries were excluded where the minimum wages during 2008-2009 are similar to Korean ($815/month). Consequently, the 28 countries including China, Vietnam, and Cambodia etc. were selected as the major target regions. Third, the indices to choose countries for developing overseas industrial park are classified into 5 categories-investment condition, labor market flexibility, potential market demand, population, changing rate of the reported number of manufacturing industry, and detailed indices for each category were selected, then the weight were given with the consideration of importance. Finally, Indonesia, Mongolia, and Uzbekistan were selected as the strategical target counties where acquire the high score in labor market flexibility and investment condition, relatively undeveloped, and friendly to Korea.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 2018

The rainfall-runoff model made of sewer networks in the urban area is vast and complex, making it unsuitable for real-time urban flood forecasting. Therefore, the rainfall-runoff model is constructed and simplified using the sewer network of Daerim baisn. The network simplification process was composed of 5 steps based on cumulative drainage area and all parameters of SWMM were calculated using weighted area. Also, in order to estimate the optimal simplification range of the sewage network, runoff and flood analysis was carried out by 5 simplification ranges. As a result, the number of nodes, conduits and the simulation time were constantly reduced to 50~90% according to the simplification ranges. The runoff results of simplified models show the same result before the simplification. In the 2D flood analysis, as the simplification range increases by cumulative drainage area, the number of overflow nodes significantly decreased and the positions were changed, but similar flooding pattern was appeared. However, in the case of more than 6 ha cumulative drainage area, some inundation areas could not be occurred because of deleted nodes from upstream. As a result of comparing flood area and flood depth, it was analyzed that the flood result based on simplification range of 1 ha cumulative drainage area is most similar to the analysis result before simplification. It is expected that this study can be used as reliable data suitable for real-time urban flood forecasting by simplifying sewer network considering SWMM parameters.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.709-718
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• 2016

The study considers viewpoints for qualitative improvement of landscape planning based on research literature, books and reports. By classifying items used in this study, evaluation criteria was derived for viewpoint selection using SPSS Statistics. In addition, we establish weights and prioritize viewpoints by measuring the relative importance within the hierarchical index. The analysis results are as follows: First, 16 viewpoints were determined using surveys from experts to establish specific and systematic plans for landscape simulation. Second, with respect to the medium classification level of viewpoint evaluation, the most important factor found was 'view' followed by 'publicness' and 'place.' Third, priority by viewpoint was found to exhibit the following order of relative importance: visual openness of viewpoint, favorability as view target, cultural property space, historicity, public place, gateway place, area where the target can be observed, thickly-populated or most-used place, place where various shapes of targets and surrounding landscape can be identified, ecological protection area, river and waterside area, viewing angle (relief-etching), viewing direction, major roads, distance between the viewpoint and the target, and plains and farmland. These results can contribute to developing systematic and reliable analysis frame for qualitative improvement of landscape planning and evaluating landscape simulation.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2012

In order to use as basic data of adaptation, this study focused on a 'Water management vulnerability estimation' in Korea. Vulnerability is estimated dividing into flood mitigation and water resource management. Temporal resolution is 2000 year and the future 2020 year, 2050 year, 2100 year via A1B scenario. Time series data was normalized. Then weight that is gotten through delphi investigation was multiplied. Vulnerability is calculated through this process. In flood mitigation vulnerability, it was estimated to adaptation ability affect relatively biggest influence. In future, some area of Gangwon-do was analyzed that the flood mitigation vulnerability increases. In water resource management, it was estimated to climate exposure affect relatively biggest influence. At 2020 yr, there is a trend toward increased in the Chungcheongbuk-do and DaeJeon, Daegu, some area of Gyeongsangnamdo. Because this study evaluate relative vulnerability of whole country and analyzed spatial distribution, when local government establishes climate change adaptation details enforcement countermeasure, this study can give help to grasp whether should invest more in some field.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.793-800
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• 2018

It is necessary to determine an optimal design frequency for establishing stable flood control against frequent flood disasters. Depending on the importance of river and regional characteristics, design return periods are suggested from at least 50 years up to 200 years for river design. However, due to the wide range of applications, it is not desirable to reflect the geographical and flood control characteristics of river. In this study, Bayes theory was applied to seven evaluation factors to determine the optimal design return period of rivers in Chungcheongnam-do; urbanization flooded area, watershed area, basin coefficient, slope, water system and stream order, range of backwater effect, abnormal rainfall occurrence frequency. The potential flood damage (PFD) capacity was estimated considering climate change and the appropriate design return period was determined by analyzing the capacity of each district. We compared the design return periods of 382 rivers in Chungcheongnam-do with the existing design return periods. The number of rivers that were upgraded from the existing return period were 65, which have relatively large flooding areas and have large PFDs. Whereas, the number of rivers that were downgraded were 169.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.289-305
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to check the importance of higher level, sub higher level and lower alternative factor and the factor for relieved life and also check the comprehensive priority in executed "Safety and relieved life level improvement of apartment house residents by AHP analysis". Method: The safety management evaluation elements and alternatives have been arranged as hierarchical structure based on the preceding studies and the advice of experts for the maintenance and system of apartment house in this study. Study model is used for the survey of pair wise comparison composition targeting experts and AHP analysis method is used for alternative plan ranking, etc. Result: The response result of survey secured the consistency and it is confirmed that safety inspection for apartment house electricity facility is most important for higher level, safety inspection, detailed inspection and diagnosis evaluation are most important for sub higher level and plumbing equipments is most important for alternatives based on the analysis result of relative weight comparison for sub higher level and alternatives for final goal attainment of the study. Conclusion: Plumbing equipments, crime prevention safety and electrical safety are shown as top priority alternatives when observe it with expert manager's point of view for apartment house. It shows that securing the importance of living safety accident and deciding the level of relieved life can be improved are the alternatives of pre-prevention and management strengthening.