• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.256-261
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• 2009

This study was carried out to examine the effects of cutting condition on the rooting and their subsequent growth of cut flower in plug cutting of summer-flowering chrysanthemum 'Iwanohakusen'. The more leaves were attached to the cutting, the higher shoot growth and rooting were. Shoot growth of cuttings was not affected by cutting length, but rooting was better in over 5 cm long cutting. Shoot growth was enhanced by increasing thickness of cutting, and 5.5 mm thick cutting was favored in rooting. When the many leaves were attached on the cutting, the length and weight of cut flower increased. Over 7 cm long cutting showed higher values in growth of cut flower and ray flower number. Cutting of 5.5 mm diameter showed more favorable growth of cut flower than the other treatments. Therefore, it is concluded that rooting of cutting and consecutive growth of cut flower was improved when 7 cm long and 5.5 mm diameter cutting with 4 leaves was used in plug cutting of chrysanthemum 'Iwanohakusen'.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.29-29
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• 2019

상동나무(Sageretia theezans)는 갈매나무과 상동나무속 식물로 특이하게 늦가을에 꽃이 피고 봄에 열매가 익는 수종이며, 최근 암세포 생장억제 효과가 입증되고 제주와 전남 남해안 지역에서 예로부터 열매를 식용 및 약용하여 민속식물로서의 가치가 크다. 본 연구에서는 향후 약용소재로서의 가치가 높은 상동나무의 대량증식을 위하여 식물생장호르몬의 처리에 따른 효과적인 증식법을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 상동나무 삽수묘는 고흥, 완도 일대에서 2019년 3월 19일에 2년생 가지를 수집하였으며, 3월 20일 삽목을 실시하였다. IAA(250, 500, 1,000 ppm), IBA(250, 500, 1,000 ppm), NAA(250, 500, 1,000 ppm), 루팅(200배) 수용액에 50개의 삽수묘를 3분간 절단기부를 침지 후 모래에 치상하였으며, 무처리구는 바로 치상하였다. 각 삽수상은 온실에 보관 후 1일 2회씩 관수 하였으며 120일간 유지하였다. 그 결과 전체 66.4%의 발근율을 보였고 캘러스와 뿌리의 발달은 평균 17.5 mm의 길이를 보였다. IBA 처리구가 전반적으로 높은 발근율을 보였는데 그 중 500 ppm 처리구에서 가장 많은 41개 삽수묘의 부정근이 형성되어 82%의 발근율을 보였고, 평균 20.2 mm 길이의 뿌리가 생성되었다. IBA 1,000 ppm처리구에서도 38개의 삽수묘에서 캘러스 및 부정근이 형성되어 76%의 발근율을 보였다. 뿌리의 발달은 평균 18.4 mm로 IBA 500 ppm에 비해 길이가 짧았으나 뿌리의 길이가 삽수묘간 차이가 커 가장 긴 개체가 32.3 mm로 나타났다. NAA 500 ppm에서도 높은 발근율을 보였는데 32개의 삽수묘에서 부정근이 형성되어 64%의 발근율로 나타났다. 뿌리의 길이는 18.9 mm로 IBA 1,000 ppm에 비해 발근율은 낮았으나 뿌리의 발달은 평균 0.5 mm 높은 것으로 나타났다. 무처리구는 29개의 삽수묘가 캘러스 및 부정근이 형성되었으며 58%의 발근율로 나타났으며 IAA, IBA, NAA 처리구 모두 무처리구에 비해 높은 발근율을 보였다. 생장호르몬 당 발근율을 보면 IBA는 500 ppm, NAA는 500 ppm, IAA는 1,000 ppm에서 가장 높은 발근율을 보였다. 루팅 수용액 처리구는 60%의 발근율을 보여 루팅 200배 수용액 침지와 무처리는 비슷한 수치의 발근율로 나타나 루팅은 상동나무 삽목 발근촉진제로 효과가 없는 것으로 확인되었다.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.44-44
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• 2020

본 연구는 최근 암세포 생장억제 효과가 입증되어 약용소재로서의 활용가치가 높은 상동나무 (Sageretia theezans)의 대량증식 연구의 기반을 마련하기 위해 삽수묘를 시기별로 채취하여 삽목실험을 실시하였다. 삽수묘는 제주 대정읍, 전남 완도 보길도, 청산도 인근에서 수집하였으며, 상동나무 삽목은 시기별로 2019년 3월 21일(춘계), 7월 22일(하계), 9월 2일(추계)에 실시하였다. 토양조건은 모래, 원예용 상토, 모래와 원예용 상토를 1 : 1 배율로 섞은 토양에 각각 치상하였다. 삽목 후 산림약용자원연구소 온 실에 약 100일간 보관하였으며 1일 2회 관수하여 관리하였다. 그 결과 춘계에 삽목한 삽수묘에서 66.4% 의 발근율로 나타났으며, 뿌리는 평균 17.5mm의 길이로 측정되었다. 하계는 27.4%의 발근율을 보였으 며, 뿌리는 평균 12.6mm의 발달을 보였다. 추계에는 29.6%의 발근율로 13.2mm의 뿌리 발달을 보였다. 상동나무는 춘삽이 추삽에 비해 발근율이 높고, 숙지삽이 상동나무 발근에 있어 유리한 것으로 사료된 다. 또한 토양은 모래에 삽목한 삽수묘가 60.3%로 가장 발근율이 높았으며, 그 다음으로 모래와 원예용 상토를 1 : 1 배율로 섞은 토양이 42.7%의 발근율을 보였다. 마지막으로 원예용 상토에서 25.4%의 발근 율을 보였다. 이는 상동나무 삽목시 배수가 양호한 상태가 뿌리 및 캘러스형성에 유리하게 작용하는 것 으로 사료된다.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.244-250
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• 2010

This study was carried out to examine the effect of cutting condition on rooting and their subsequent growth of cut flower in plug cutting of 'Shinma', one of autumn-flowering chrysanthemums. According to the results, cutting with four or six leaves was effective in shoot growth and rooting than any other treatments, and also the length and thickness of cut flower were increased. In case of cutting with leafless, it showed the poorest shoot growth among all of the treatments and there was no root. The weight of shoot was heavier than any other treatments in case of the length of cutting (5~7 cm). And the weight of root and its number were better than any other treatments, in treatment of the length of cutting (5 cm). The growth of shoot and rooting were enhanced by increasing the thickness of cutting. In case of thickness of cutting, the cutting (3.2 mm tnickenss) showed more favorable shoot length of cut flower than any other treatment. Therefore, it is recommended that the 5 cm long and 3.2 mm thick cuttings with four leaves are used to improve their rooting and subsequent growth in plug cutting of Dendranthema grandiflorum 'Shinma'.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2012

This study was carried out to examine the effect of cutting condition on the growth of rooted cuttings and their subsequent growth of cut flower in plug cutting of Dendranthema grandiflorum 'Baekma'. The more leaves were attached to the cutting, the higher shoot growth of rooted cutting was observed. Cutting with two to six leaves was effective in shoot growth and rooting than any other treatment. Shoot growth of rooted cutting was not affected by cutting length, but rooting was better in 5 to 7 cm long cutting. Shoot growth and rooting of rooted cutting was promoted by increasing the cutting diameter, and rooting was better in 3.6-4.2 mm thick cutting than 3.1 mm thick cutting. As the treating concentration of NAA increased, shoot growth was inhibited and root length shortened in rooted cutting. Soaking with $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ ${\alpha}$-naphtalene acetic acid (NAA) for 1 h was effective in shoot growth and rooting. Root growth such as root number, root length, and root weight was better in rooting medium mixed with 2:2 of peatmoss:perlite than the other treatments. When rooted cutting produced from cutting with four or six leaves was planted, better length, weight, and leaf number of cut flower was observed. In rooted cutting produced with 7-9 cm long cutting, growth of cut flower such as length, weight, and ray flower number was more effective than the others. Therefore, it is recommended that the 7 cm long and 3.6 mm thick cutting with four to six leaves is used to improve their rooting and subsequent growth of cut flower in plug cutting of Dendranthema grandiflorum 'Baekma'.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.288-292
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• 2014

This study was performed to investigate the possibility of water cutting by vegetative propagation method from July to August of Clematis. To find out proper cutting length and rooting growth regulator for water cuttings production, cutting lengths of C. 'Honora' made 1 node and 2 nodes length cutting, which were soaked in NAA $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. Rooting rate of cuttings treated by NAA $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ was 100% irrespective of root lengths, but that of 1 node and 2 nodes untreated by NAA $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ were very low about 30% and 19% respectively. Number of roots and roots length were also highest in NAA $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, effects of NAA $0.1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment were greater at 1 node cutting. Based on the results, rooting rate for I node cutting of C. 'Pairu' according to NAA (0, 0.1, 0.5, $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) concentrations was investigated. Days to rooting were 70-74 days (about 10 weeks), which was not significantly different among the NAA concentrations. Rooting rate increased by NAA concentration. it was about 90% usually and was improved with more than NAA $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.150-156
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• 2017

This study was carried out to compare the survival and mutation rates and mutation spectrum by gamma-irradiation on rooted and unrooted cuttings of three spray type ('Lovelydia', 'Yellowbabe', and 'Haetsal') and two standard type ('Vital' and 'Aqua') cultivars in roses. Two groups, rooted and unrooted cuttings were gamma-irradiated at 70Gy for 24 hours. The irradiated rooted and unrooted cuttings were planted in a greenhouse, and survival, mutation rates and mutation spectrum were investigated 30 weeks after planting, respectively. As a result, survival and mutation rates of gamma-ray irradiated plants were 16.4%~50.8% and 0~5.1% for unrooted cuttings, and 39.4%~55.1% and 0.7%~7.4% for rooted cuttings, respectively. In conclusion, both survival and mutation rates were a little higher on rooted cuttings than on unrooted cuttings. However, when only survived plants after gamma-ray irradiation were considered, mutation rates were 0~10% and 1.8%~14.1% for unrooted cuttings and rooted cuttings, respectively, showing no significant difference. In addition, diverse variations on color and number of petals or shape of flowers were detected both in plants from rooted and unrooted cuttings, which indicated that there was no significant difference in mutation spectrum between two groups.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.59-63
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• 1980

The resistance to water transport were measured for the species which are easy for rooting and the species which are difficult for rooting from cutting to rooting. The experimental materials were selected as Euonymus japonica and Viburnum Awabuki for the species easy to root and Quercus glauca, Pasania edulis and Rhaphiolepsis umbellata var. integerreima for the species that are difficult to root. The results were summarized as follows; 1. As the time passed after cutting, the variation of total resistance (RT) showed a slow increase for the species easy to root, while the species that were difficult to root showed a rapid increase. 2. The stem resistance without leaves (RS) showed a rapid increase for the species easy to root but the species difficult to root had nearly constant values. 3. The stem resistance in the cross section (RC) increased noticably for the species difficult to root showed no increase. Furthermore the stem resistance in the cross section (RC) depended on the variation of the stem resistance without leaves (RS). 4. The total resistance (RT) consisted mainly of the resistance of the axil part (RL) for the species difficult to root.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.2
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• pp.300-308
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• 1996

This study was conducted to identify factors involved in rooting of Japanese larch cuttings. Cuttings were taken every week from June 24th to July 25th before and after the 10th of July which supposed to be best time for cutting. The content of IAA, carbohydrate, nitrogen and inorganic elements such as $Mg^{{+}{+}}$, $K^+$ and $Ca^{{+}{+}}$ within cutting materials were analyzed. After the cuttings were planted, the root development was observed every week. Cuttings of easy-to-root clones were higher in IAA contents than the cuttings of hard-to-root clones at the time of cuttings were taken. There were significant differences in moisture content of cuttings taken on June 24th and July 25th between easy-to-root and hard-to-root clones, however no significant differences in moisture contents were observed between them taken on the 8th and 15th of July which supposed to be the best time for cutting. Inorganic matters and carbohydrate contents of cuttings taken from hedged trees were higher than those of non-hedged trees. The ratios K/C and C/N of cuttings taken from hedged trees were higher than those of non-hedged trees. Cuttings taken from easy-to-root clones showed higher content of carbohydrate and nitrogen than those of hard-to-root clones. The contents of inorganic elements, such as $Mg^{{+}{+}}$, $K^+$, and $Ca^{{+}{+}}$ in cutting taken from hard-to-root clones were slightly higher than that of easy-to-root clones. The ratio C/N and K/C of cuttings which were taken from easy-to-root clones have shown a similar trend of carbohydrate and nitrogen. These data indicate that there was no one dominant factor that affect rooting of cutting, but many factors such as contents of IAA, carbohydrate, nitrogen, phosphate, and ratios of C/N and K/C appeared to affect on rooting of cuttings variously. Most of root initials were formed from phloem tissue within one week after cutting, and few were formed from callus tissue. Root primordia were developed from root initials within two weeks after cutting, and most of new roots were developed from root primordia within about five weeks after cutting.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.83 no.2
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• pp.205-210
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• 1994

This study was conducted to develop a method of mass production by cutting of superior genotypes of Larix leptolepis and to examine the effects of ortet age, clone, crown position, and an applied plant growth substance upon the rooting of cuttings. Four different ortet ages, 2, 8, 16 and 30 years and three levels of root-promoting substances, indole butyric acid(IBA), at 1000, 2000, and 5000ppm were employed. Greenwood cuttings were taken from mother trees in late July and rooted for three months in rooting medium containing peatmoss : vermiculite : perlite(1 : 1 : 1 by volume). with temperature controlled at $20-25^{\circ}C$, humidity by intermittent misting and light by partial shading in the greenhouse. Cuttings treated with 1000ppm IBA showed highest rooting, with 80%, 71%, 52%, 25% for 2-, 8-, 16-. 30-year-old ortet, respectively. Untreated cuttings showed rooting of 52%, 48%, 36%, 20% for the ortet age of 2, 8, 16, 30 years, respectively. The average number of adventitious roots decreased with increasing ortet age from 2 to 30 years, whereas IBA treatment increased the number of roots in all ages. A variation in rooting among 20 clones tested was observed. The 4 clones, Chungnam 6, and 7 and Chonbuk 1, and 9 showed good rooting of about 67%, while Kangwon 49 showed boor rooting of 40% at 1000ppm IBA treatment. When crown position was compared, cuttings taken from middle crown showed highest rooting of 60%, while cuttings from upper crown showed lowest rooting of 53%.