• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.283-283
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• 2023

만경강은 전라북도 북부를 남서쪽으로 흐르는 하천으로 유로연장 80.86km, 유역면적 1,504.35km²에 이르며 유로는 영산강에 이어 6번째, 유역면적은 안성천, 삽교천에 이어 8번째에 해당하는 하천이다. 만경강은 금강, 동진강 등과 함께 호남평야의 중앙을 서쪽으로 흐르며 호남평야에 농업용수를 공급하고, 전주시와 완주군, 김제시에 공업용수를 공급하는 중요한 하천 중 하나이다. 만경강 상류에는 대아저수지, 경천저수지 등 다수의 농업용 저수지가 설치되어 있으며, 농업용수 공급을 위한 다수의 취입보와 양수장이 설치·운용되고 있다. 만경강 중상류에서 위치한 취입보 중 가장 큰 비중을 차지하고 있는 것은 완주군(오성교)관측소와 완주군(용봉교)관측소 사이에 위치한 어우 취입보로 최대 허가량은 약 10m³/s이며, 연간 취수량은 약 1억 4천만톤이다. 어우 취입보에서 취수한 용수는 대간 도수로를 통해 새만금간척지까지 농업용수를 공급한 후 완주군(삼례교)관측소 하류에 위치한 비비정 배수갑문을 통하여 만경강으로 회귀한다. 어우 취입보의 영향으로 인하여 만경강 중상류에 위치한 3개의 관측소(완주군(오성교), 완주군(용봉교), 완주군(하리교))는 비정상적인 상하류 관계가 발생하고 있다. 만경강은 이와 같은 다수의 취입보와 양수장 운영으로 상하류 역전이 발생하고 있으나, 유역 내 물수지 분석을 통해 실제 취수량 등을 고려할 경우 농번기에도 정상적인 상하류 관계가 발생하는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 만경강에 위치한 저수지 3개소(경천저수지, 용담댐, 대아저수지)의 방류량과 고산정수장의 회귀수 자료, 어우 취입보에 설치된 자동유량자료 및 취입보(7개소)의 허가량과 취수량 자료를 확보하여 물수지 분석을 실시하였다. 또한, 만경강 중상류에 위치한 관측소의 2022년 개발된 수위-유량관계곡선식을 활용하여 환산유량을 산정하였으며 물수지 분석을 실시하여 상하류 검토와 누가유출 및 유출률을 검토한 결과 상하류 관계가 비교적 안정적인 것으로 확인되었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.9
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• pp.1228-1232
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• 2000

Objective : This study was undertaken to analysis gamma knife radiosurgery(GKR) effect for trigeminal neuralgia after long term follow-up. Methods : There were 11 trigeminal neuralgia patients. The authors irradiated 67-85 Gy maximally to the nerve root entry zone(NREZ) using single 4mm collimator, just 1-6mm lateral side from the junction of the trigeminal nerve and pons. For the first 3 cases, we targeted the junction between the nerve and the pons. In theses cases, the pons was irradiated 56 or 60 gray in the surface. In the later 8 cases, the isocenter is positioned more distal side so that the brain stem surface would receive less than the 20% isodose. Results : The average follow-up duration was 25 months(13-50 months). Pain relief was noticed within a week to 5 months. In 3 patients, pain was relieved completely and in other 3 patients, mark improvement was achieved(80-90%). Remaining 4 patients showed significant improvement(30-50%). There was recurrence in only one case and she complained with similar intensity of pain at the last follow-up. There was no significant complication related to GKR. Conclusion : GKR is considered effective for trigeminal neuralgia based on the long term follow-up evaluation, but more clinical experience is needed to evaluate the efficacy of GKR for trigeminal neuralgia as a primary treatment modality.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.8
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• pp.605-616
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to assess the future hydrological and water quality change of Man-gyeong river basin (1,602 ㎢) based on future extreme climate change scenarios and reduction of inter-basin water transfer amount using SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). The SWAT was calibrated (2012~2014) and validated (2016~2018) at 2 water level observation stations (DC, JJ) and 2 water quality observation stations (SR, GJ) considering inter-basin water transfer amount, stream water withdrawal, and point source data. For the streamflow, the coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.70 and the average Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) was 0.51 respectively. For the water quality of SS, T-N, and T-P, the R² was 0.72, 0.80 and 0.72 respectively. The future average streamflow under climate change scenarios increased up to 459 mm/yr, and average SS, T-N and T-P yields also increased up to 19,548 ton/yr, 68,748 kg/yr, and 13,728 kg/yr respectively. When the amount of inter basin water transfer decreased, the streamflow especially decreased in spring and winter periods, and the future water quality yields increased under the influence of precipitation. In order to solve the deterioration of water quality due to decrease in the flow rate and an increase in the load, the amount of inter basin water transfer should be maintained to a certain level.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.252-257
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• 2001

To get the basic information for the water quality improvement and control of water resource at Mankyeong river stream, the water quality in four site of main stream and three site of branch stream at the upper stream were investigated mainly from February to August in 2000. The water temperature was affected by depth, flow rate of the water, and air temperature, and ranged 6.4 to $30.8^{\circ}C$. The pH, DO and BOD values of the water was $5.9{\sim}9.7$, $4.6{\sim}14.50\;mg/L$, and $0.1{\sim}11.8\;mg/L$ range, respectively. The content of total nitrogen, $NO_3-N$ and $NH_4-N$ was $1.19{\sim}10.61\;mg/L$, $1.00{\sim}5.93\;mg/L$, and ND $(non\;detected){\sim}2.79$ mg/L, respectively. The concentration of total phosphorus was ND to 1.14 mg/L. The concentration of Cl ion was $3.5{\sim}196.4\;mg/L$. The content of Fe and Mn was $0.002{\sim}0.100\;mg/L$ and $ND{\sim}0.04\;mg/L$, respectively. The contents of heavy metal Cd, Cu, and Zn were $ND{\sim}0.03\;mg/L$, $ND{\sim}0.05\;mg/L$, and $0.001{\sim}0.17\;mg/L$, respectively. Pb was not detected in all the samples. The pH, total nitrogen contents, and total phosphorus content were frequently exceeded the water quality standard for agriculture. The degree of water pollution was very varied by the sampling place. The water quality was generally polluted in the dry season more than in rainy season. The highest level of water pollution observed in the area of Samyea Bridge among the 7 sites.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.223-231
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the factors influencing water quality of the river (Mankyeong River) and groundwater in controlled horticulture region from 1994 to 1998. Water quality of Mankyeong River was monitored at 13 sites along main stream for 6 months from April to September from 1994 to 1997. Monthly average concentrations of $NH_4-N$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$ and $Cl^-$ were highest in April, while that of $NO_3-N$ was highest in August. Monthly average concentrations of COD was highest in September Concentrations of $NH_4-N$ and $SO{_4}^{2-}$ in many sites of Mankyeong River exceeded the water quality criteria of agricultural water for irrigation. Water quality of Mankyeong River was not suitable for the irrigation source excepted the sites such as Hari, Gosan and Soyang stream. The floodgates of Mokcheon, Yocheon, Jeonju and Samcheon streams were rapidly polluted by the municipal sewage, otherwise the Iksan stream was rapidly polluted by the sewage of swine. The sum of inorganic ion concentrations in Mankyeong River was highest at floodgate of Yocheon due to the sewages municipal and industrial. The order of the major anions and canons concentration in Mankyeong River- stream were $SO{_4}^{2-}$ > $Cl^-$ > $NO{_3}^-$ > $PO{_4}^{3-}$ and $Na^+$ > $Ca^{2+}$ > $NH{_4}^+$ > $Mg^{2+}$ > $K^+$, respectively. The geoundwater quality at controlled horticulture region was surveyed 4 sites from 1994 to 1998. Concentrations of $NH_4-N$ and $NO_3-N$ were lower at the deeper groundwater. However there was no difference between the concentrations of $SO{_4}^{2-}$ and $Na^+$, and the groundwater depth below 15m. Contents of $NH_4-N$, $NO_3-N$, $PO{_4}^{3-}$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$, $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ in groundwater were the highest at dry season. Nitrate-N level, exceeded $20mg\;l^{-1}$, the critical level for agricultural usage, at Yongjinmyeon Wanju and $PO{_4}^{3-}$ concentration were higher at Seogtandong Iksan than the other places.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.167-176
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• 1996

This nutritional survey was conducted from July to August 1993, in order to investigate the nutrition knowledge, food habits, nutrient intake, and their correlation of high school girl students living in large city, middle and small city, and rural area. The subjects of this survey were 164 students living in large city, Seoul and Pusan, 289 students living in noddle and small city, Chonju and Iksan-City, and 252 students living in rural area, Samnye-Up and Kimje-Kun, Chonbuk-Province. The results obtained are summarized as follows: The perceived nutrition knowledge of large city, middle and small city, and rural area was 80.1%, 83.9%, and 76.0%, respectively, and their accuracy was 62.0%, 64.2%, 56.3% respectively The nutritional knowledge score of large city, middle and small city, and rural area was 14.90, 16.16, 12.84, respectively. The nutrition knowledge score was significant among large city, middle and small city, and rural area. The correlation coefficient between nutrition knowledge and food habits was significant among large city, and middle and small city students. The food habits score of rural area subjects were lowest. The correlation between food habit and calcium, vitamin 4 and vitamin C were significant among large city girls. In rural students the correlation between food habits and protein, phosphorus, iron, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and vitamin C was significant.