• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.396-401
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• 2009

Microorganisms or their toxins can be transferred to eggs and cause food poisoning in humans. Therefore, this study was conducted to detect microbial contamination of eggs and to identify microorganisms in any contaminated eggs. Four different brands of eggs were collected from hypermarkets in the northern Gyeonggi area. The total bacterial counts on the shells of the eggs varied greatly between brands. In addition, various bacterial species including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas mendocina, Alcaligenes xylosoxidans, Alcaligenes faecalis, and Enterobacter cloacae were identified on eggshells. Furthermore, mean of total bacterial counts of four brands was $3.4{\times}10^4 cfu/m{\ell}$ and E. coli was detected on the eggshell of one brand egg. However, Salmonella was not identified on all brands of collected eggs. We also demonstrated that the E. coli isolated from the eggshell was not pathogenic based on the absence of pathogen-specific gene expression patterns. Taken together, the result of this study indicate that strict quality control and improved distribution controls are required to decrease microbial contamination and improve human health.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.111-119
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• 2010

Salmonella spp. are one of major pathogens for zoonosis in worldwide, and can replicate within host cells and generally cause enterocolitis and foodborne poisoning which represents a considerable public health burden. The present study was designated to investigate the safty for host cells, antibacterial effects of Saururus chinensis Baill water extract (SCWE) on pure culture and infection with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) in murine derived macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The different treatment of SCWE concentration (1, 10 or $100{\mu}g/ml$) did not show any cytotoxic effect to RAW 264.7 cells for 24 h incubation. In determination of antibacterial activity of SCWE against S. typhimurium, bacterial viability was markedly decreased compared to SCWE-untreated control. In RAW 264.7 cells, SCWE significantly induced morphological change (p<0.05). In infection assay of S. typhimurium in RAW 264.7 cells pretreated with $100{\mu}g/ml$ of SCWE, which are non-cytotoxic concentration, bacterial uptake ability of macrophage was increased corresponding with morphological change, whereas bacterial survival rates within macrophage was markedly reduced comparing to that of SCWE-untreated control. Furthermore, nitric oxide (NO) production in SCWE-treated cells was slightly decreased until 24 h post infection. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that SCWE have the antibacterial activity for S. typhimurium and the protective effects against S. typhimurium infection through activating murine macrophage independent on NO, suggesting that SCWE were beneficial on the disease caused by intracellularly replicating pathogens as a safe alternatives of conventional chemotherapies.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.533-538
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• 2009

To suggest an improved diagnostic method for Salmonella spp., analyses were conducted with immunoliposomes and compared with the results from a commercial test kit. One sample out of 36 samples of eggshell was Salmonella-positive via immunoliposomes. In the case of the use of the commercial test kit, six samples out of 36 samples were Salmonellapositive. These Salmonella-positive samples were subjected to biochemical identification tests that confirmed that they were Salmonella-negative. As for the egg content samples, they were Salmonella-negative in both analyses with immunoliposomes and the commercial test kit. The Salmonella analysis with immunoliposomes reduced detection time, by 24 h compared to the commercial test kit. Bacteria, including Acinetobacter baumanni, Chryseomonas luteola, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Escherichia hermannii, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pantoea spp., and Pasteurella pneumotropica, were isolated from the eggshells. Other than Acinetobacter baumanni and Pasteurella pneumotropica most of the isolates were known to frequently appear during egg production processing.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.289-295
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• 2010

Because some zoonotic Salmonella can be transmitted to human through poultry products, threatening human public health, Salmonella infections in poultry are increasingly worldwide subject to control measures and programs. Given the fact that there are numerous opportunities for Salmonella to gain entry to extensive, integrated poultry operations including the hatching, handling, feeding, and processing facilities, the whole supply chain of poultry meat should be an object of Salmonella control programs as well as biosecurity of poultry farms. This article reviews Salmonella food poisoning caused by poultry source and critical need to control Salmonella in poultry productions, and describes practical strategies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.116-116
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.117-117
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2020.10a
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• pp.241-241
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• 2020

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.731-735
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• 2008

The coliform group, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus were analyzed for eliminating of microorganism spore which could be embeded in honey and eradication of studied for heat resistance of thermoacidophilic bacteria was studied for marketing of honey after producing honey drink. The method for analyzing of heat resistance thermoacidophilic bacteria was membrane-seperated cell culture with $0.45\;{\mu}m$ micro-filter and vacuum aspirator. The results of bacteria, coliform group, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus was negative, but normal method such as sterilization with electrolyzed water, normal micro-filter, high-temperature heating and microwave did not have effect on heat resistance thermoacidophilic bacteria. Also, absolute type micro-filter of $0.45\;{\mu}m$ and $0.8\;{\mu}m$ microfilteration showed higher effect on heat resistance thermoacidophilic bacteria than micro-filter of normal type, showing negative results at all treatments.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2008

Salmonella enterica serotype gallinarum biovar Gallinarum or Pullorum and Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis are the most important diseases in poultry industry. Transitional diagnosis methods of these diseases such as direct isolation and identification by a biochemical test are time consuming with low specificity. In this study, we have focused on the suitable procedure for the rapid and accurate diagnosis of diseases derived from the three Salmonella strains. We initially confirmed Salmonella species by PCR using a specific ITSF/ITSR primer pair instead of biochemical test, and then the PCR-amplified phase 1 flagellin (fliC) using a specific fliCF/fliCR primer pair was digested with a restriction endonuclease, Bpm I and/or Bfa I, to discriminate among S. Pullorum, S. Gallinarum, and S. Enteritidis. We found that these methods could be applied to field isolates of the three Salmonella strains to detect and to discriminate rapidly for convenient diagnosis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.7
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• pp.716-722
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• 2005

Purpose : A full view of the spectrum of all bacterial diseases in healthy children is essential to the establishment of public health priorities. Accurate information on the relative importance of the various pathogens in terms of the age of the affected patients, the site of infection and the case fatality rate are valuable to the clinician in choosing antimicrobial treatments. Methods : Fifty-nine episodes of bacteremia were analysed. Data were collected at Ilsan Paik Hospital from January 2000 to December 2003. Analysis of each collected episode included isolating pathogen from blood culture, diagnosis, hospital course, isolating pathogens from other tissue sites, and studying results of antimicrobial sensitivity tests. Results : Fifty-nine cases of community-acquired bacteremia were reviewed. The most common pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus(11 cases, 18.6 percent), followed by Salmonella(10 cases, 16.9 percent), E. coli(7 cases, 11.9 percent), Streptococcus pneumoniae(five cases, 8.5 percent), Streptococcus viridans(5 cases 8.5 percent). The most common diagnosis was bacteremia without an indentified focus(61 percent), followed by meningitis(12 percent), bacteremia with enteritis(10.2 percent) and bacteremia with urinary tract infection(8.5 percent). Salmonella was still an important causative agent of bacteremia. The relative importance of Haemophilus influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae was lower than in other studies. The most common organism responsible for bacteremia without an identified focus was Staphylococcus aureus. The case-fatality was 3.4 percent for all cases of bacteremia. Conclusion : We reviewed the etiology of community-acquired bacteremia. These data may be useful in the establishment of public health priorities and serve as a reference for selection of antibiotics in the empirical therapy of suspected invasive bacterial infection.