• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.2
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• pp.12-15
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• 1963

1. The trials were planned to test seven different fungicides for the control of Early blight of potato during the period of 1962 and 1963. 2. All of fungicides tested in the trials were considerably effective to control the disease, as the result of 4 applications which was done in one week intervals from early of June in 1963. All treatments were effective enough to make significant differences from the untreated. Especially, Dithyane M45, Difolatan and Dithane M22 showed satisfactory control even though no significant differences were obtained among them. Besides the three treatments, Bordeaux Mixture were relatively effective.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 2001

The foliar uptake of dimethomoiph induced by several nonionic surfactants was measured in order to study the correlations between the uptake rate of dimethomorph and the fungicidal activity to cucumber downy mildew. Dimethomorph was not absorbed in cucumber leaf in the absence of activator surfactant. And the curative effect of dimethomoiph WP to cucumber downy mildew was very low under the concentration of 250 ${\mu}g/ml$. But dimethomorph uptake was remarkably enhanced by addition of nonionic surfactants, such as polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, and polyoxyethylene stearyl ether. And the curative effect to cucumber downy mildew was enhanced with proportion to uptake rate of dimethomorph. The protective effect to cucumber downy mildew, however, tends to decrease with the increase of foliar uptake of dimethomorph. The uptake rate of dimethomorph to cucumber leaf was proportional to the content of polyoxyethylene cetyl ether in formulation, but was decreased with dilution.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.149-154
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• 2003

Potato blackleg disease caused by Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica has been a serious problem in Korea. It was previously reported that four mixtures [streptomycin (9.3 ppm) + copper oxide (171.6 ppm)/copper hydroxide (146.3 ppm), streptomycin sulfate (7.0 ppm)+copper oxide (171.6ppm)/copper hydroxide (146.3 ppm)] were effective for the control of E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica. in in vitro test. Using those four mixtures and two antibiotics [streptomycin (81.4 ppm) and streptomycin sulfate (61.3 ppm)], the effectiveness of control for E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica. was conducted in the field. Two antibiotics showed over 60% of control efficacy under different soil conditions, while mixtures of two antibiotics with copper compounds did not show any control effects on the infected seed potato. Two mixtures [streptomycin (27.9 ppm)+copper hydroxide (438.9 ppm), streptomycin sulfate (21.0 ppm) + copper oxide (514.8 ppm)] were effective in the control of potato blackleg disease on the infected potato plants under different climate conditions.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.219-255
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• 1996

사과 겹무늬썩음병의 주 전염원은 가지 병반에서 형성되는 자낭포자 및 병포자이므로, 가지에서의 포자형성 또는 포자의 분산을 화학적 또는 물리적 방법으로 저해할 수만 있다면 효과적으로 병을 방제할 수 있을 것으로 생각했다. 전염원을 줄이기 위한 첫 번째 시도로 1992년 이른봄 가지에 형성된 사마귀를 호미로 제거한 결과, 병포자의 분산과 과실발병 억제효과에 있어서 무처리와 유의적인 차이가 인정되지 않았다. 두 번째 시도로 포자의 분산을 막기 위해 1993년 이른봄에 겹무늬썩음병에 걸린 가지를 비닐필름으로 감고 5월부터 9월까지 20일 간격으로 살균제를 살포한 결과, 통계적으로 유의성이 인정되는 병 방제효과가 있었고, 나무의 생육에 있어서도 콜크층이 이상 비대하는 것 이외에 별다른 이상이 없었다. 이 개념을 더욱 발전시켜 1994년 이른봄에는 병든 가지를 수용성 고분자 물질인 polyvinyl alcohol로 도포하고 수배 분산 포자의 수를 조사한 결과, 포자의 분산량이 크게 줄어져 실용화의 가능성이 시사되었다.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.459-462
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• 1996

예년과는 달리 6월 중순부터 7월 중순까지 낮은 기온과 잦은 강우로 인한 음습한 날씨가 지속되었던 전남지방의 온실멜론에서 노균병이 격발하였다. 올해 전남지역에서 심하게 발생한 노균병의 병징은 다각형의 모무늬 외에도 불규칙한 대형의 부정형 무늬를 형성하였으며, 이러한 급성형 병징들은 주로 개화기 무렵 아랫잎에서부터 나타나기 시작하여 병이 진전됨에 따라 윗쪽으로 진전되었고 병반이 뭉쳐져 잎을 급속하게 고사시켰다. 표본 조사한 12개 농가의 시설 하우스에서 재배되고 있는 온실멜론의 노균병 이병엽율은 1%에서 100%까지 다양하였으며 수확을 전혀 못한 농가도 있었다. 각 농가에서는 노균병의 방제를 위하여 발병초기부터 농가당 최소 3회에서 최고 8회까지 살균제를 살포하는 방제 노력을 기울였으나 정확한 노균병 진단의 실패와 적정 약제 선정의 실패로 혼선을 빚어 방제효과는 높지 않았으며, 농약의 남용과 오용이 병방제에서 심각한 문제점으로 드러났다.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.179-184
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• 2005

A previous study reported that the stem and root rot of paprika (Capsicum annum L. var, grossum) caused by Nectria haematococca became a threat to safe cultivation of the plant in the country. However, no strategies for control the disease have been suggested. In this study, fungicides registered for pepper were screened to evaluate their control effects on the disease. Among fungicides tested, prochloraz manganase complex com pletely suppressed mycelial growth of the pathogen at 10 ppm a.i. tebuconazole, benomyl, and carbendazim $\cdot$kasugamycin also effectively inhibited mycelial growth of the fungus. However, kresoxim-methyl and triflox ystrobin did not suppress mycelial growth but significantly suppressed conidial germination of the fungus. Azoxystrobin, benomyl, prochloraz, tebuconazol, and carbendazim$\cdot$ kasugamycin were also effective to retard conidial germination. In vivo tests, tebuconazole strongly inhibited the plant growth even at 16,000x (15.6 ppm a.i.), while others did not induce chemical injury at 4,000x or 8,000x when drenched into a rockwool cube. In a greenhouse test, prochloraz manganase complex at 125 ppm a.i. (4,000x) showed highest control value by $89.9\%$. Other fungicides thiophanate-methylthiram, axozystrobin, trifloxystrobin, and benomyl presented $60-80\%$ control value in the hydroponic cultivation system. However, application time and interval remained to be investigated for identify maximum residue limit.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.353-358
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• 2018

An effective bioformulation of mixtures of chitin-degrading bacteria has been used successfully to control plant diseases and nematodes. In this study, the bioformulation approach was assessed to control damping-off disease of ginseng. In pot experiments with soils infested with dapming-off pathogens of ginseng, root-drenchings of Chrobacterium sp. C-61, Lysobacterium enzymogenes C-3, and mixture of two bacterial strains grown in chitin minimal medium were signficantly increased emergence of seeds and reduced damping-off disease incidence of seedlings. Efficacy of the bioformulated product depended on the dose and timing of application. In two-year-old ginseng field, the high control efficacies were achieved by soil drenching of two times with an undiluted product or three times with a 10-fold diluted product. In a To-jik nursery (self soil nursery), biocontrol efficacy of the undiluted product against damping-off disease were similar to that of a seed dressing with fungicide, Tolclofos-methyl WP. These results suggest that the bioformulated product containing Chromobacterium sp. C-61 and L. enzymogenes C-3 could be an effective approach to control of ginseng damping-off disease.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 2015

BACKGROUND: This study aimed at investigating the effects of sulfur-containing compounds widely used as environment-friendly organic fungicides against ginseng anthracnose, and determining the appropriate application concentration for lowering chemical injury to ginseng leaves. Ginseng anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is a destructive disease that significantly reduces the yield of ginseng. METHODS AND RESULTS: Ginseng anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is a destructive disease that significantly reduces the yield of ginseng. In a 2-year-old ginseng grown in a pot, treatment with loess-sulfur complex containing 0.06% sulfur and fermented loess-sulfur complex containing 0.13% sulfur did not show any chemical injuries. In order to measure the therapeutic effectiveness, various sulfur-containing compounds were applied to the plants after they were infected with ginseng anthracnose. Treatment with lime sulfur complex (400 dilution) showed the highest ginseng anthracnose control value, followed by fermented loess-sulfur complex (20 dilution), fermented loess-sulfur complex (40 dilution), and loess-sulfur complex (400 dilution) treatments. These compounds were applied before the outbreak of anthracnose disease in order to measure the preventive effectiveness, and in this case, treatment with fermented loess-sulfur complex (40 dilution) showed the highest control value and it was comparable to the value of the pesticide treatment used as the control in this experiment. CONCLUSION: Fermented loess-sulfur complex could be recommended as an environment-friendly organic material to control the occurrence of ginseng anthracnose.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.274-279
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• 2013

Slightly acidic hypochlorous water (SAHW) is well known for having a powerful and broad spectrum antimicrobial activity, and is harmless to the environment and humans. SAHW (pH 5~6.5, 20~30 ppm available chlorine concentration) was generated by electrolysis of dilute solution of HCl (4%) in a chamber of a non-membrane electrolytic cell. Our objective was to determine SAHW has a potential fungicidal activity on some phytopathogenic fungi. Spores of Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum and Phytophthora capsici were not culturable on agar media at approximately 10 seconds after treatment by SAHW. However, inactivation of Penicillium hirsutum was required over 3 min. Dilution of SAHW with sterilized distilled water (SDW) at the ratio of 1:1 (SAHW:SDW) against C. acutatum showed 100% inactivation but, the efficacy in 1:2 decreased until 63.2%. Control value of SAHW was 70.4% against C. acutatum on pepper fruits when applied upto 24 h postinoculation. SAHW has a powerful and wide spectrum antifungal activity and could be applied as a potential alternative to fungicidal agent for control of plant disease.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.15 no.2 s.27
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• pp.57-60
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• 1976

Experiments were carried out to determine the effectiveness of a new systemic fungicide EL-291 (5-Methyl-1, 2,4-triazolo (3,4-b) benzothiazole) for the control of rice blast disease in greenhouse and paddy field. The efficiency of EL-291 was much greater when applied before inoculation than when applied after inoculation. Kasugamin and Benlate were most effective as eradicants. For control of leaf blast, effectiveness of EL-291 was not significantly different than either Kasugamin or Benlate. However, EL-291 was considered more economical and reliable than either Kasugamin or Benlate. EL-291 required only a single foliar application or a transplant root soak, whereas two applications of the other fungicides were required. EL-191 was also more effective against panicle blast when applied only once, compared with two applications of Kasugamin or Benlate. The highest riceyields were obtained in plots treated with EL-29l.