• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1982

Zizyphus seed(Zizyphus vulgaris Lamark var. Spinosus Bunge) has long been used as hypnotics and sedatives in oriental medicine, and it is reported that the Zizyphus seed elicited a variety of pharmacologic actions besides CNS depression. Present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Zizyphus seed on the central nervous system and on the blood pressure. The effect of Zizyphus seed on the central nervous system was measured by the influence of thiopental sleeping time and by inhibition of chemical convulsion (strychnine and pentylenetetrazol induced). Blood pressure changes by Zizyphus extract and its mode of action were investigated. The ground Zizyphus seed was extracted with hexane and methanol, consecutively and the supernatants were discarded. The precipitate was re-extracted with distilled water and the supernatant was evaporated to a dark-brownish sticky liquid, which was used as Zizyphus seed extract in this study after dissolving in saline prior to experiment. The results are as follows. 1) Zizyphus seed extract caused marked prolongation of the thiopental sleeping time in mice. 2) The chemical convulsion by strychnine and pentylenetetrazol, and the mortality by them in chicks were not affected by pretreatment of Zizyphus seed extract. 3) Zizyphus seed extract produced transient fall of blood pressure in the cat, and this hypotentive effect was blocked partially by atropine but not affected by bilateral vagotomy and/or hexamethonium, nor propranolol and, chlorpheniramine and/or cimetidine. With the above results, it may be suggested that the water extract of Zizyphus seeds contains components producing CNS depression and hypotension. Furthermore it is felt that the cholinergic effect, but not the adrenergic or histaminergic, is partly responsible for the hypotensive effect of Zizyphus seed extract.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.18-25
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• 1978

가토뇨중(家兎尿中) Vanillylmandelic Acid(VMA)배설양(排泄量)의 변화(變化)에서 약물반응(藥物反應)과 circadian rhythm을 추구(追求)하기 위(爲)하여 가토(家兎)에 대(對)해 각종(各種) stress를 가(加)하고, 이에 의(依)한 VNA치(値) 증가(增加)에 대(對)한 유효성(有?性)을 몇가지 약제(藥劑)에서 찾기 위(爲)해 전기(電氣) stress를 미리 가(加)한 가토(家兎)에 대(對)하여 투여(投與)하고 이들 뇨중(尿中) VMA치(値)를 측정(測定)해 하였다. 정상상태(正常狀態)의 가토(家兎) 1일뇨중(日尿中)의 VMA치(値)는 평균(平均) $19.17{\times}10^{-2}mg/24hrs$였다. 전기(電氣) stress를 가(加)한 가토뇨중(家兎尿中)의 VMA치(値)는 평균(平均) $28^{\cdot}87{\times}10^{-2}mg/24hrs$로 가장크게 증가(增加)하였고, 소음(騷音) stress를 가(加)하였더니 평균(平均) $27.39{\times}10^{-2}mg/24hrs$로 증가(增加)하였으며, 조명(照明) stress를 가(加)했을때는 평균(平均) $19.10{\times}10^{-2}mg/24hrs$로 거의 변화(變化)가 없었다. 전기(電氣) stress를 가(加)한 가토(家兎)에 reserpine을 투여(投與)했더니 평균(平均) VMA치(値)가 $18.90{\times}10^{-2}mg/24hrs$로 배설억제효과(排泄抑制?果)가 가장 좋았고, 산조인탕(酸棗仁湯)을 투여(投與)했을때 평균(平均) $25.76{\times}10^{-2}mg/24hrs$로 억제(抑制)되었으며, 인삼(人蔘)엑기스를 투여(投與)했을때 평균(平均) $28.14{\times}10^{-2}mg/24hrs$로 효과(效果)가 거의 없었다.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.436-441
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• 1995

Final biomass yields (peak optical density) and growth rates (divisions/day) of seven clones of Skeletonema costatum from Korean coastal waters were measured to understand their intraspecific variations in the light intensity niche component under 25$^{\circ}C$ condition. Daily growth rates of 6 out of 7 S. costatum clones were maximum at 6000 lux while that of YS4, a neritic clone, was maximum at 9000 lux. The final biomass yields of 4 out of the 7 s. costatum clones were maximum at the lowest light intensity of 2000 lux. Minimum final biomass yields were found at 9000 lux in all the S. costatum clones other than an estuarine clone, HDC9. The intraspecific variations of the mean growth rate and mean final biomass yield under each of the three different light intensities in terms of the coefficient of variation were not greater than 10% in any of the 7 S. costatum clones.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.305-312
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• 2014

The following study is the result of herbal teas puffed at different temperatures between $140{\sim}220^{\circ}C$. There was change of single breadth that some carbonization occurs according to rise of processing temperature and crude ash content rises relatively, and crude protein and crude fat content had hardly changed and moisture content decreased. The solid elution rate of the herbal teas appeared by 0.18~0.27% (w/w), it increased as puffing temperature rises. The reason for the increase in solid elution rates is due to the breakage of cross bridges between the raw materials in the herbal tea which are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and etc. after treatments of physical changes rather than chemical ones. Benzopyrene content happened difference in B(${\alpha}$)P content according to processing temperature, raw material by 0.18~0.24 ppbs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.307-309
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• 2016

This paper present about the system for sensing and controlling a wireless power transfer system using bluetooth protocol in robot, healthcare, smart-grid, and autonomous car. Recently a variety of applications using the Internet of Things (Internet of Things) and machine to machine (Machine to Machine) have been raised in many industries. To do this, it requires the fusion technology which is constituted with control, computing and networking. Embedded system is centered existing control system and Cyber Physical System(CPS) is the systems which was converged of a computing technologies using a wired or wireless network. CPS was adopted in the future government-led technology in the United States and Europe and is being pursued in cooperation with institutes, industries, and academia. In this paper, we implement and describe a technique for controlling the system for transmitting power wirelessly by sensing method using the matching of CPS technology concepts.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1777-1785
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• 2022

This study confirmed the validity of the health score(HS) calculation methodology and results. HS is an index that scores the degree of personal health by applying clinical standards and statistical function to health check-up items. It's calculated by the total size of the biomarker on the health change, the influence on the health change, the weight change rate according to the degree of outlier, and the standardized value. In order to confirm the validity of the results, several diseases were selected and HS was compared between the disease occurrence group and the disease absence group. And by segmenting the ranked HS, the disease incidence rate was compared. As a result, in all selected diseases, the difference in the mean of HS was significant according to the presence or absence of disease, and the incidence of selected diseases showed a tendency to increase as HS decreased.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.186-191
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• 2006

Prunus mume is extensively cultivated as a fruit and medicinal plant in Korea. Recently, prunus mume has a pressing problem with an increase of prunus mume cultivation area in southern part in Korea. Chemical properties of prunus mume flower to determine the optimum processing varieties for tea were investigated. Three kinds of samples treated with fresh, freeze dry and shade dry were used. The content of moisture, crude ash, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat and nitrogen free extract of prunus mume flower varieties were to $82{\sim}85%,\;0.2{\sim}0.6%,\;2.5{\sim}3.1%,\;2.5{\sim}3.1%,\;0.6{\sim}0.8%\;and\;10{\sim}11%$ respectively. The main component of free sugars in prunus mume flower was glucose and those of organic acids were citric and malic acids. 17 kinds of amino acids were determined from prunus mume flower. The total amino acid contents of Cheongchuk, Baeagaha and Goseong were 760.47 mg%, 624.01 mg% and 807.41 mg%, respectively. Aspartic acid, glutamic acid and lysine were the major component in 3 cultivars. The content of K was much higher than Ca, Mg, Na, fe and Zn. The major fatty acids of prunus mume flower were myristic acid, palmitoleic acid me oleic acid. As a result of analysis, there were no significant differences among the three cultivars of prunus mume flower and drying method.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.840-848
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• 2021

This study was conducted to estimate annual trends and the environmental effects in the racing records of Jeju horses. The Korean Racing Authority (KRA) collected 48,645 observations for 2,167 Jeju horses from 2002 to 2019. Racing records were preprocessed to eliminate errors that occur during the data collection. Racing times were adjusted for comparison between race distances. A stepwise Akaike information criterion (AIC) variable selection method was applied to select appropriate environment variables affecting racing records. The annual improvement of the race time was -0.242 seconds. The model with the lowest AIC value was established when variables were selected in the following order: year, budam classification, jockey ranking, trainer ranking, track condition, weather, age, and gender. The most suitable model was constructed when the jockey ranking and age variables were considered as random effects. Our findings have potential for application as basic data when building models for evaluating genetic abilities of Jeju horses.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.391-395
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• 2012

To investigate the occurrence of viruses in peach, leaf samples were collected from peach trees in commercial orchard of six areas in Korea. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to identify the presence of the following stone fruit viruses: Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Apple mosaic virus (ApMV), Prune dwarf virus (PDV), Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) and Plum pox virus (PPV). About 65.0% of the 515 samples were infected with ACLSV and PNRSV. Virus-like symptoms showing mosaic on leaves was observed in ACLSV infected peach trees. However, PNRSV infected peach trees showed no symptoms. These viral DNAs by sequence analysis were confirmed 4 ACLSV isolates and 3 PNRSV isolates. The Korean peach isolates of ACLSV and PNRSV showed 70-99% and 88-99% amino acid sequence identities, respectively, with those reported previously and their amino acid sequence identities with each other were approximately 95% and 88%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the Korean ACLSV isolates belong to the A group of ACLSV. The Korean PNRSV isolates reported in this study were grouped into I (PV32), II (PV96) and III (PE5) groups.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.200-205
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the herbal Chokong pill (hereafter HCKP) on the liver cell and enzyme activities of serum in rat. HCKP were mixed with pickled black soybeans and five different kinds of medicinal herbs (Rhynchosia nulubilis, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Zizyphus vulgaris, Atractylodes macrocephala K., Astragalus membranaceus and Cornus officinalis). Four groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed by different diets for 9 weeks: normal diet (Nor), high-fat diet (HF), high-fat diet supplemented with 1% (T1) and 5% (T5) HCKP powder, respectively. Depending on the presence of HCKP in high fat diet, the activities of the blood serum GOT and GPT were decreased. GOT and GPT activities of T1 and T5 were decreased 6.1%, 17.8% and 25.4%, 32.4% compared with HF. On microstructure observing through the transmission electron microscope (TEM) of liver cell, in normal group, a normal large and clear nucleus, rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and mitochondria possessing well-defined double outer-limiting membranes were found. However, in HF, it was hard to observe the microstructures in cytoplasm, because of too many fat granules. It showed severely damaged cell, pyknotic nucleus, swollen disintegrating RER and mitochontria loosing the cristae. In T1, there were more repaired liver cells and less fat granules than HF. In T5, there were much less numbers and smaller size of the fat granules than T1, and the morphology was similar to normal cell.