• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.56
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• pp.26-47
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• 2011

Commercialism of journalism adheres to short-term profit, and the decrease in quality. Commercialization means the process that is deepened low quality of journalism. It is for a purpose and a means to have been transposed. The mid term of 1990's, deregulation of media and commercialism of journalism were gaining power in the developed countries. Korea has come to the similar condition which is most laws of press and broadcasting are deregulated. There is also concern to the commercialization of journalism in Korea. Four broadcasting channels (cross-ownership media) enter in media market, and a huge change is expected. It is for concern regarding commercialization of journalism not to stop to a baseless anxiety. In order to consider more deeply the problems of commercialism, I have approached instances of the art world and the developed countries. Through this, I declared the importance of ethics of journalists.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.217-222
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• 2020

The concept and discussion of copyright should reflect changes in using environments of digital properties and developments of technology. Further discussions are required about protection, transfer and usage of copyright for user created contents or digital activities. Digital archives should clarify the ranges of permitted usage or guides to quotation. One should not be biased toward regulating digital copying, but consider the value of diverse transformation of digital properties. This will trigger tension between private and public usage, or sharing of digital fabrications, which leads to the necessity of discussions on policy level. The interpretation of copyright is limited to protecting the copyright owner's right, but it should be suggested to widen the range to permitting fair use. The extended fair use of digital contents and by clarifying specific rules will activate creation and distribution of digital contents and contribute to more productive usage of innovation.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.143-162
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influences on resource transfers between middle-aged parents and their married children. This study used 2009 data from the National Research Foundation of Korea regarding inter-generational resource transfers and preparation for later life (kfr-2009-c00010). A sample of 1208 households of middle-aged parents with married children was used. The study found that parents provided financial resource transfers to their married children in the following circumstances: where parents received financial resource transfers from their married children, where the household income of parents was high, where the children were younger, and where the children were male. Parents provided instrumental resource transfers to their married children in the following circumstances: where parents received instrumental resource transfers from their married children, where the gender of children was female, where the children were employed, where married children had their own children who were either younger than a preschooler, and where household incomes of married children were high. Parents received financial resource transfers from their married children in these circumstances: where their emotional ties with their children was high, where the household income of the parents was low, where the household income of the married children was high, and where married children had preschoolers. The circumstances in which parents received instrumental resource transfers from their married children were where parents provided instrumental resource transfers and the household incomes of married children were high.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.171-194
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• 2004

The antebellum American South has been characterized by the lingering backward images of plantation, slaves and cotton. The South specializing in the cotton cultivation is compared with the manufacturing East and the breadbasket Midwest. Douglass North who examined the interregional trade assumed that the South up until 1860 relied on the Midwest for the foodstuffs. Statistical and literary evidence, however, disputes the North's model, showing instead that the southern region attained self-sufficiency in foodstuffs at least in the late 1830s or early 1840s. The South's food self-sufficiency is attributable, to a greater extent, to the region-wide environmental movement of scientific agriculture launched to address the aggravating soil problems from cotton monoculture. Diversification and crop rotation lied in the center of the new regime. The new agricultural system combining com, cotton and cowpea ensured the procurement of hoecake, hog meat, and cotton. The most significant outcome of the good farming regime, however, was the enhanced environmental consciousness which came to prevail the best farmer's reckless rush for profit maximization.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

A semiotic approach to modem visual arts has emerged since French post-structuralism was introduced to Anglo -American academics by "deconstruction" or "postmodemi sm." It views a work of art as a sign, which is its math odical assumption and, at the same time, makes its appli cation more accessible. In the milieu of modem visual arts' effort to be intimate with general audience, modem art photography is now fared with the request to be a familar and universal domain, instead of being left only in photo books as artistic and academic achievements. More specifically, various photo images puter graphics to such megaexhibitions as "Gwangju Biennale,. "Media City Seo ul," and "Pusan International Art Festival," are main objects of study. A coherent and scientific analysis of visual semitotics is still on the way, however, it is an urgent task how to read and interpret a photo image with multiple meanings. This study argues that visual seniotics can be a powerful tool to enhance the understanding of art photography. After all, seniotics is a product of age； we live in the age of legibility, that is, of reading the work of art well as the social events and phenomena. art well as the social events and phenomena.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.44-63
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• 2017

'Bukpo' is called 'Tongpo' or 'Balnaepo,' which respectively mean hemp fabric that goes into a small bamboo tube and women's table utensil 'bari' in Chosen. It is fine hemp fabric produced in Yukjin, Hamgyeong province. Korea has been divided into North and South since the Korean War in 1950. As it is hard to get information about Northern life style or their traditional technology, their hemp fabric production is also left unknown. This study demonstrates characteristics of the production of 'Bukpo' through "Ojuyeonmunjangjeonsango", the only document that marked about 'Bukpo' making process of the late Chosen dynasty. It aims to analyze the transition of the technique and the meaning by comparing the characteristics of the production of 'Bukpo' with the modern era's documents. In this process, I discovered that the hemp fabric production technique at 19th century shares some sort of similarities with that of Europe or Chinese Miao(hmong). But the hemp fabric production technique changed before the 20th century. The evolution of Northern hemp fabric production technique can be a good example to examine the context of the traditional craft technique.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.421-430
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• 2021

It is necessary to pay attention to the appearance of word-initial glottalization among social classes. The higher the academic ability, the more formal it is, the more likely it is to avoid word-initial glottalization due to the psychological factors that are close to the English pronunciation. The purpose of this study is to prove and clarify this through experimental research and the Praat voice analysis program. In previous discussions on word-initial glottalization, there have been various discussions such as strengthening expressions, the conclusion of competition of modern society, Korean historical analysis, differences in Korean and English phonetics, and attempts to regularize the pronunciation of loanwords. In this paper, it was revealed that the higher the academic ability, the weaker the pronunciation of loanwords word-initial glottalization appears in formal and formal situations, by using experimental research and voice analysis program Praat. The presence or absence of pronunciation of the initial specification of loanwords acts as a psychological base for expressing one's status and hierarchy.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.69-96
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• 2013

This paper is to critically review the economic reasoning of non-sustainability of welfare state due to its intrinsic incentive problems and to see how the nordic welfare state responds to them. The welfare state as a political design of state to pursue equality has social insurance as its main economic function. It survives market failure of private insurance to contribute to human capital investment and industrial restructuring. The universal tax-financed welfare state, however, has the problem of tragedy of commons such as reduced work incentive and work ethics. But, the existing nordic welfare state overcomes it through employment-focused policy arrangements, maintenance of work ethics and benefits moral, incentive mechanism of wage-compression, public educational investment and its complementation with social security. The Nordic model shows that problems of incentive and moral are not about those of theory and reasoning, but about their reality which policies and institutions could respond to.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.401-417
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• 2011

The life review means a process of appraising life of oneself and it is essential for finding the meaning of life in old age. The memoir writing is a kind of method of life review. The memoir writing program used in this study focused especially on enhancing the cognitive skills by providing priming and retrieval support for memory performance in reminiscing past experiences. All fourteen participants were healthy and normal community dwellers and attended four-month long programof memoir writing classes which are consisted of different themes for each week. The aim of this study was to examine if the memoir writing program would render the positive effect on mental health and cognitive ability of the elderly. The results were that quality of life, life satisfaction, ego integrity of the participants showed positive change and the level of depression was significantly reduced compared to that of the control group. The findings in the present study suggest that the memoir writing can serve as one of the community initiative program to the growing population of the elderly for their emotional and cognitive challenges that they face everyday. To warrant the validity of the program, further study is needed for other sectors of elderly population, such as elderly living alone or those with both physical and/or cognitive disadvantages.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.34
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• pp.233-258
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• 2013

In the early days of the Goryeo Dynasty, the royal guard was comprised of the central regular army in the 2-gun-6-wi system, and Nasungeomgun was in charge of the security inside the palace. However, the military system became disorganized during the period of military rule and the royal guard had to rely on military subjects. The military officials suppressed the civil ministers centering on Jungbang, the guarding organization close to the King to incapacitate the royal authority and control the state affairs. When the rule of the three leaders of the military rule became short-lived and Dae-seung Gyeong is raised to the ruler, he organized a do-or-die squad comprised of a hundred and more people for his personal safety, and this became the first dobang. Dobang was disassembled after Dae-seung Gyeong died of disease, but under the rule of Chung-heon Choe, Dae-seung Gyeong's dobang was revived and reinforced into 'Yukbeon Dobang' to provide the ruler with personal protection and intensify the ruling system, and it was quite a large organization with more refined system. Yukbeon Dobang was expanded and reinforced into Naeoedobang under the rule of Woo Choe, the son of Chung-heon Choe, and it was enhanced even more into Dobang Samsipyukbeon System under the rule of the grandson, Hang Choe. Dobang can be considered as the guard organization in modern sense, and it collected information and surveyed the area where guarding is required and house troops that belonged to Naedobang eliminated the risks that may follow afterwards to make assurance doubly sure for guarding. The Choe's regime established Mabyeolcho as a private guard organization in addition to dobang, and this formed the cavalry and infantry units with dobang. Yabyeolcho organized by Woo Choe in the reign of King Gojong was divided into Joabyeolcho and Ubyeolcho, and later Sineuigun was integrated with them to form Sambyeolcho. Originally, Yabyeolcho was established under the rule of Woo Choe to prevent crime in the evening, but after Sineuigun was organized with the ones who were captured by Mongolian army but escaped, in other words when Sambyeolcho was organized, the organization displayed much broader influence by covering military and police affairs as well as punishment and imprisonment. The guarding organization during the Period of Military Rule in the Goryeo Dynasty did not have strict distinction between official guard and personal guard. The private guard in modern days which is the equivalent of personal guard is characterized by its commerciality, however, house troops and the members of dobang did not seem to pursued profit. The guard organization during the period of military rule started from dobang which was organized for personal safety but gradually developed publicness through the participation of civil ministers and expansion, and later it played the pivotal role for social security serving official purpose up to the level where the distinction between official and private activities was blurred during the period of Sambyeolcho.