• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.173-178
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 영상음향의 사운드디자인 구조의 차이가 수용자에게 어떠한 감응도 변화가 있는가를 알아 보았다. 실험은 60초의 TV광고음향을 음악으로만 디자인한 음향트랙과(A), 음향효과와 음악으로 디자인한 음향트랙(B)을 청취하게 하여, 어떠한 사운드 구조가 감응도(주의력, 활성도, 감성도)에 더 유의한 영향을 미치는가를 알아 보았다. 실험은5명씩의 남.여 대학생을 대상으로 이루어 졌고 안정상태와 Fp1, Fp2를 중심으로 한 전두엽측정방식으로 한 뉴로피드백(Neuro feedback)뇌파측정방법으로 측정하였다. 그 결과, 음악으로만 디자인한 A음향트랙에서의 감응도는 주의((ATQ)와 활성도(ACQ), 감성도(EQ)모두가 증가했으나 B트랙보다는 낮았다. 음악+효과음으로 디자인한 B트랙에서는 주의력(ATQ), 활성도(ACQ),는 A트랙보다 증가하였으나 EQ(감성도)는 반대로 A트랙보다 낮았다. 결과적으로 영상에서 음향은 주의력과 활성도 에는 기본적으로 뇌의 변화에 작용하나 정서적인 면은 역시 음악이 유효한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 강한 효과음들은 음악보다 주의력과 집중도를 높이기는 하나 스트레스적(SQ)지수는 오히려 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통하여 방송과 영화 등의 사운드구조는 영상과의 호흡을 기본으로 하지만 실제로 시각정보와 청각정보가 동시에 합쳐져서, 심리적으로 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 뇌신경측정으로 고찰한 것에 의의가 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2016.01a
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• pp.123-124
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• 2016

음악은 원천적으로 합주가 매우 용이한 특성이 존재하므로 다수의 사람이 하나의 음악을 만들 수 있다. 따라서 자신이 기본 음악을 만든 뒤 음악 전문가가 제작한 사운드 트랙을 추가하면 음악적 품질이 쉽게 높아질 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 사운드 트랙을 쉽게 거래할 수 있는 효과적인 트랙스토어의 도입과 이에 따른 2차 저작권 침해 및 분쟁을 해결할 수 있는 방안을 제시한다. 이를 통해 전문가 수준과 버금가는 개인의 음악 제작, 유통, 소비를 활성화할 수 있고, 또한 이와 연관된 산업 및 문화의 확대 및 발전에 기여할 수 있다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.602-611
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• 2008

The sound design performed in the production of media contents, such as TV, movie, and CF, have been conducted through the experienced feeling of some experts in the aspect of auditory effects that communicates stories. Also, there have been few studies of the quantitative approach and verification to apply visual and auditory effects felt by users. This study is a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design and investigates the difference in communication effects in which the difference in a sound design in the production of media contents that affects users. This study analyzed the brain quotient (BQ) obtained by the measurement of brain waves during the watching of an experiment image (track A) designed by using a 60-second TV CF only and an experiment image (track B) designed by sound effects and music and investigated which sound design represents differences in communication effects for users. The results of this investigation can be summarized as follows: First, in the results of the comparison of the attention quotient (ATQ), which is the BQ of recognition effects, between A and B tracks, the track A showed a higher difference in activation than the track B. It can be analyzed that the sound design based on music showed higher levels in attention and concentration than that of the sound effect design. Second, in the results of the comparison of the emotional quotient (EQ), which is emotional effects, between A and B tracks, the track A represented a higher difference than the track B. It means that the sound design based on music showed higher contribution levels in emotional effects than that of the design based on sound effects. Third, in the results of the comparison of the left and right brain equivalent quotient (ACQ), which is memory activation effects, between A and B tracks, there were no significant differences. In the results of the experiments, although there are some constraints in TV CF based on the conventional theories in which sound effects based design affects strong concentration, and music based design affects emotional feeling, the music based design may present more effects in continued concentration. In addition, it was evident that the music based design showed higher effects in emotional aspects. However, it is necessary to continue the study by increasing the number of subjects for improving the little differences in ACQ. This study is useful to investigate the communication effects of the sound based design in media contents as a quantitative manner through measuring brain waves and expect the results of this study as the basic materials in the fields of sound production.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.202-203
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 인터액티브 스마트 TV 적용을 위한 사운드트랙 검색 시스템을 제안한다. 제안하는 시스템은 동영상을 오디오와 비디오특징을 구분한 후, 각 오디오와 비디오 신호를 분석한다. 비디오 신호의 분석은 MPEG-2 비디오 인코더로부터 영상의 장면전환과 시작과 끝 위치를 검출하고, 오디오 신호의 분석은 AC-3 오디오 인코더로부터 오디오 특징을 추출한 후, 오디오 정보의 비트 벡터를 추출하여 데이터베이스를 생성한다. 생성된 데이터베이스와 사용자가 북마크를 하여 요청한 쿼리와 비교를 통하여 오디오 특징정보가 유사한 부분의 장면을 검색하고, 검색된 장면을 사용자에게 제공한다. 제안된 시스템의 성능 측정을 위해서 뉴스, 패널토론, 음악방송, 광고, 드라마 등 50개 TV 방송 프로그램의 데이터베이스를 이용해서 정확성을 측정하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.569-573
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• 2018

Music is composed of the sound of many instruments. Among them, the sound of the human voice naturally stands out to us and immediately connects with the listener. However, A lot of different steps go into perfectly mixing a vocal, but I'm going to focus on the most important step, equalization. In this paper, starting with the concept and the type of EQ for the requirements associated with the EQ's work and will know about when and how to use subtractive EQ, additive EQ during the recording and mixing process. EQ is one if the most important tools for mixing, especially when dealing with vocals. The control that EQ's offer allows you work, boosting and cutting to fit the vocal perfectly into the mix. The key to get a professional sounding vocal every time is to always keep in mind what you're trying to achieve stylistically and for it, using reference track is very effective. In addition to EQing, there are a variety of complex working steps such as compression, reverb, chorus, delay, adjusted for the effects of the work and harmonies of backing vocals and that are also very important task. The work of EQing is the beginning of the mixing process, among other things, need to be a detailed work throughout the consideration of the above points to its importance is greater relationship.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.195-203
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• 2011

This case study is based on a fundamental class actually done in the film and video department in Sungkyul University. It aimed at suggesting supportive role for typical film production class in universities in Korea. The list of film styles mentioned in this text is selected from the actual ones for the class and it is focused on utilization of sound and camera. It is ultimately designed to guide students to actual making films. First of all, for example, with a humble camcoder, students are encouraged to record both image and his/her narration which is directly recorded into the built-in microphone. Also directional microphone could be used to experience various positions of 'point-of-hearing'. Regarding camera movements, only distinctive ones out of typical utilization are selected to be dealt with. The movements created by moving vehicle such as dolly or crane beyond the limit of human ability could bring up high imagination of students on movement, besides this could be also easily applied to them for using hand-held technique instead of vehicle. This attitude acquired through the course is important for gettig over the resistance they might have before actual experiencing machinary use in production.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.103-111
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• 2012

Games in 1970s have used the savings of analog wavelength as in music and the like on hardwares of small cassette, gramophone, and the like. Due to these configuration elements, durability has to be declined so much. In the event of using the music on the video game, more affordable method is to use the computer chip to convert the analog sound into the computer code to convert into the electric wavelength to send to the speaker. The sound effect of the game is generated in this method. The technical limit has been gradually overcome to grant more freedom to the composers and the sound track pre-recorded on the optic disc and the like has emerged. The game developers of today have made several attempts on the technology to produce the game music. This study has contemplated the process of advancement in the change of game music production with the influence on technology and business.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.738-750
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• 2022

In this study, we reviewed and discussed whether auditory stimuli with short length can evoke emotion-related neurological responses. The findings implicate that if personalized sound tracks are provided to XR users based on machine learning or probability network models, user experiences in XR environment can be enhanced. We also investigated that the arousal-relaxed factor evoked by short auditory sound can make distinct patterns in functional connectivity characterized from background EEG signals. We found that coherence in the right hemisphere increases in sound-evoked arousal state, and vice versa in relaxed state. Our findings can be practically utilized in developing XR sound bio-feedback system which can provide preference sound to users for highly immersive XR experiences.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.24
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• pp.375-388
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• 2016

Integrated analysis of OST and VST of animation Alladin is carried out in this study. The OST is classified into 4 stages (Introduction, Bridge Passage, Climax, and Ending) and their OST and VST characteristics are found for each step. Especially, high dynamic characteristics of OST elements (sound, tonality, tempo, major range, intensity, and instrumentation) and VST elements (image structure, camera shot, camera movement) are found in the Climax stage. Full Shot is highly used up to 47.9% and this helps to show that the two characters become one in the completion stage of love. This is common factor shown in the previous analysis of OST "Beauty and the Beast". It is also found that specific musical instruments are matched to specific characters in "Beauty and the Beast" and high/low position or up/down movement of the object in the screen are matched to specific musical instruments in 'Alladin'.

• Digital Contents
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• no.1 s.140
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• pp.110-115
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• 2005

2003년 11월에 개봉된 영화<올드보이>는, 으로 유명해진 박찬욱 감독의 복수극 3부작의 제2편으로 알려진 작품이다. 3부작의 첫 편인 <복수는 나의 것>의 연장선상에서 이 영화를 예견했던 평론가들과 관객들은 전작이 가지지 못했던 상업성까지 겸비한 이 영화의 독특한 스타일과장르, 그리고 신선한 소재에 감탄하고 열광했다.영화<올드보이>는 기본적으로 상업적으로 ‘잘만들어진(well-made)’ 영화이다. 말하고자 하는 것도 명징(明澄)해 관객들을 혼란스럽거나 지루하지 않게 만들며, ‘멜로’적요소와‘느와르’적요소, 거기에‘미스테리’요소까지 들어 있어 관객들의 시선을 쉴틈없이 붙잡아 둔다. 화려한 색감과 음울하면서도 압도적인 오리지널 사운드 트랙의 선율, 신선한 촬영기법(특히, 영화 속 최민식의 3분동안의 롱테이크‘장도리 액션’장면은 이 영화의 압권이다), 그리고중간 중간 보이는 블랙 코미디의 요소까지. 물론 이 영화를‘잘만들어지게’만든데에는 최민식이라는 배우의 뛰어난 연기력과 그외의 배우들의 호연도 큰몫을 했다. 그래서 관객들은 이 영화가 숨겨둔 ‘비밀’의 섬뜩함과 불편함에도 불구하고 이영화를 ‘재미있게’ 보러 왔다. 그 덕분에 <올드보이>는 흥행면에서 꽤 큰 성공을 거두어 300만명 이상의 관객을 동원했다. 그리고 2004년 5월 화제를 뿌리며 칸느 영화제에서 심사위원대상이라는 쾌거를 거둔다. 뿐만 아니라 2003년 청룡영화상, 2004년 대한민국영화대상 등 국내영화제에서도<올드보이>의 활약은 대단했다. 2003년흥행과 작품성 모두에서 인정을 받은<살인의추억>의 자리를 이 영화가 물려 받고 있다고 할만하다. 한마디로 말해, 우리가 늘 주목하는‘잘된콘텐츠’의 전형적인 예인 것이다. 바로 그 지점 때문에 우리는 이 영화에 대해 이야기할 필요가 생긴다.