• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.206-214
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• 2020

This study analyzed the impact of direct and indirect subsidies on profitability in general hospitals in Korea. The data were collected from medical institution accounting information disclosure system of 270 general hospitals from 2016 to 2018. The analysis index used the ratio of net profit to business revenue for profitability, and Subsidies index the ratio of subsidies to business revenue(state subsidies for facility investment purposes, Fund related to essential business, research revenue and contribution revenue). According to the study, the ratio of state subsidies, which are direct subsidies, was very high at 57.30 percent for public institution hospitals. ratio of Fund related to essential business, which is a tax reduction effect with indirect subsidies, had the highest at 6.69 percent for Private University Hospitals. which are Indirect subsidies for deficit or operational assistance, research revenue ratio had the highest 2.8 percent for National University Hospitals, contribution revenue ratio had the highest 36.4 percent for public institutions. As a result of looking at the impact of subsidies on profitability, Nation University Hospitals had the lower the ratio of Fund related to essential business and the ratio of research revenue, the higher the net profit ratio of Business revenue. Medical Corporation Hospitals and Foundation Hospitals had the higher the ratio of Fund related to essential business to business revenues, the higher the net profit ratio of business revenue. These results mean that profitability may fluctuate depending on the utilization of funds related to essential business.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.250-253
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• 2003

Many construction companies have been trying to extend their businesses to the development projects after IMF. Project financing was introduced to the construction market and has been popular with construction companies which can not furnish funds for project by themselves. But, there are so many problems that project financing has not been activated in the construction field. One of the main factors that disturb activation of project financing is distrust about construction management among participants. This distrust is caused by the lack of speciality, objectivity, clearness about CM. So, to process business successfully, they need specialty and objectivity for the construction management. In this research, I analyzed the role and duty of the main participants about CM in the development project ana suggested an advanced management structure in order to activate project financing in the development projects.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2013

A judgment on the redevelopment projects' predicted profitability is an essential decision-making element for the success of the redevelopment projects. It is necessary to review the literature on profitability of redevelopment project and draw risk factors that could affect profitability through the risk analysis based on surveys. It is also necessary to judge profitability prediction toward the business value of the redevelopment project in the planning phase according to the risk analysis results which can affect the profitability prediction. In order to prevent the growing difficulties in executing the projects, a profitability prediction model is proposed using the method of management and disposal based on a proportional calculation that can estimate the share of expenses in order to judge profitability in the planning phase. With the improvement of profitability prediction models, it is possible to appropriately judge profitability in the planning phase in order to allow the prevention of suspension, reduction of project term, reduction of cost, and making of rational decisions.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Studies
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.163-182
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• 2006

본 연구는 장기투자자인 생명보험사 및 연기금의 투자다변화 일환으로 장기투자의 성격에 부합하고 안정적이며 높은 수익이 기대되는 대체투자 중 사회간접자본 자산에 대한 투자방안을 연구목적으로 하여 다음의 분석결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 생명보험사와 연기금의 금융부문 수익률과 사회간접자본 투자수익률을 비교한 결과 사회간접자본 투자는 변동성이 큰 주식에 비하여 위험은 낮고 안전자산인 채권에 비해서는 상대적으로 높은 수익률을 나타내었다. 둘째, 생명보험사 및 연기금이 사회간접자본 투자에 참여할 경우 사회간접자본 투자에 대한 정부의 수입보장 및 국내 인프라 사업의 사업수익률 수준과 타기관의 목표수익률 등을 종합적으로 고려할 때 15% 수준의 투자수익률이 적합할 것으로 보인다. 다만 최근 국내 주요 사회간접자본 사업의 투자수익률을 볼 때 국가관리사업과 자체관리사업 모두 투자수익률이 낮아지고 있는 추세이므로 장기적으로 이러한 추세를 반영하여 목표수익률의 재조정이 필요한 것으로 보인다. 셋째, 현실적인 간접투자상품의 한계 및 직접투자시의 비용절감효과 등으로 대규모투자자의 경우 전문성을 확보하여 직접투자방식의 참여를 고려할 수 있으며 중소규모투자자의 경우 시장상황 및 위험을 고려하여 펀드를 조성하여 투자하는 것을 고려할 수 있다. 그리고 중장기적으로는 세계적인 추세에 따라 국내 사회간접자본 간접투자 시장이 활성화되고 규모가 커지게 될 것으로 예상되는 바, 간접투자방식을 적극적으로 검토하여야 할 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.121-131
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• 2009

This study will estimate the fair return on private participants' investments on BTO type PPI (Private Public Infrastructure) projects using the data from past BTO projects in Korea. In the past, the real returns of $6%\sim9%$ were provided to private participants. The results of this study show that those returns were too high compared with the estimated fair returns, especially for projects with the minimum revenue guarantee (MRG) by the government. Moreover, the excess portion of the return over the fair return becomes even larger when there is a demand forecast bias. In reality, most of the BTO projects have far lower actual revenues than the initial forecasted revenue in concession agreements. This phenomenon implies that BTO projects have a tendency of overly forecasting revenues. If so, the value of the minimum revenue guarantee becomes larger, and therefore, the fair return to private participants should decrease. It is hoped that this study helps future BTO projects' concession agreements between the government and private participants to become more fair from the perspectives of risk and return profiles.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.471-480
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• 2015

The market of public-private partnership (PPP) projects has reduced from 9.4 trillion won in 2007 to 4.5 trillion won in 2012. However, the need of PPP projects is brought up by a massive down scale of government financial business. Previous studies regarding PPP projects mostly evaluate profitability from the financial perspective or analyze risk factors as a whole. Although PPP projects generally have complex structure involving diverse stakeholders, such as contractor, financial investor, and special purpose company (SPC) operators, existing studies have rarely considered the different viewpoints of PPP project stakeholders. Therefore, purpose of this study is to develop a structural equation model (SEM) considering the diverse stakeholders of PPP projects. To this end, the authors first reviewed the organizational structure of PPP projects. Next, the identification of the factors affecting project profitability are done via comprehensive literature reviews. After that, we conducted in-depth interviews and questionnaire surveys to reflect stakeholders' perspectives (contractors, financial investors, and SPC operators). As a result, a SEM model is developed to analyze direct and indirect effect on the PPP project performances. Finally, using the analysis results, relevant implications and directions for improvements are discussed. The prediction of the business performance of contractor, financial investor, and SPC operator is expect to be possible through the model developed and supports the strategy deduction that is appropriate for the participants.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.746-748
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• 2004

공학적 투자사업을 선택하거나 기각하는 의사결정기준으로 내부수익률법이 널리 사용되고 있다. 그러나 투자사업에서 예상되는 현금흐름의 형태에 따라 다수의 내부수익률이 존재하는 상황이 발생하면 내부수익률법은 의사결정기준으로 사용하기에 부적합하다. 내부수익률의 이런 문제를 해결하기 위하여 전체 수익률 또는 외부수익률을 의사결정기준으로 사용할 수 있다. 그러나 외부수익률도 다양한 방법으로 정의되어 의사결정기준으로 적합한 외부수익률 계산방법을 정해야 하는 문제가 있다. 따라서 공학적 투자사업의 의사결정기준으로 적합한 외부수익률의 조건을 순현재가 치법과 비교하여 탐색한다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.163-170
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• 2019

A new revenue recognition standard was adopted in 2018. The purpose of this paper is to analyse how K-IFRS 1115 'Revenue from Contracts with Customers' affects the revenue recognition of the telecommunication firms and to suggest a regulatory policy for the telecommunications industry. It shows identifying performance obligations for bundles, determining the transaction price and allocating the transaction price to the performance obligation and how to account for it using case study. The most important change in the telecommunication companies's revenue is to allocate the transaction price to two performance obligations: telecom services and mobile handset sales. As a result, sales revenue are expected to drop en masse. This study provides important implications for the regulatory accounting policy of the telecommunications industry.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.5 no.6 s.22
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• pp.179-190
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• 2004

Present private infrastructure investment in SOC investment has increased up to $11\%$ compared to the year 2003 and it is expected to increase in the future. In spite of its rapid increasement we don't have definite standard or system on distinctly presented rate of return for domestic private infrastructure investment yet, and practical and scientific research is not sufficient, compared to its necessity and importance. Hence, in this study we tried to build theories systematically, which are related to rate of return of private infrastructure investment to promote SOC private infrastructure investment to last successfully and present the proper level of rate of return of private infrastructure we investment appropriate in domestic situations through diverse analysis. Therefore, to present reasonable rate of return, we used 5 methods: existing research analysis, case study, financial index analysis, analysis of investors rate of return, and analysis of rate of return in a real estate market. After comparing and analyzing these methods, Ive presented in the end the appropriate level of rate of return of private infrastructure investment, which can be applied in a domestic market.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.5 no.6 s.22
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• pp.162-169
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors Influencing profitability of pension business. for this purpose, the research method include questionnaire survey and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study are as follows (1) the factors influencing profitability includes location, operation method, building type, distance, environment, theme in descending order (2) a regression equation to predict profitability is suggested.