• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.207-213
• /
• 2017

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of the magic program on the depression and self-esteem in rural low-income children. A quasi-experimental study employing a nonequivalent control group and pre-post design was conducted. The participants were children aged 9 to 12 years old from community child center in K province (Experimental group=24, Control group=21). The experimental group participated in the program for 8 sessions for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using ${\chi}^2$-test, independent t-test, repeated measures ANCOVA with SPSS 21.0 program. There were significant differences in depression (F=6.68, p=.013) and self-esteem (F=7.61, p=.009) of participants between experimental group and control group after completion of 8-session magic program. The results indicate that the magic program can be used to improve depression and self-esteem of low-income children.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to empirically analyze the effects of physical environment change on the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) project implemented in Gamcheon 2 Dong on the fear of crime, neighborhood satisfaction, and neighborhood attachment in the poor. In this study, the data collected through field surveys and questionnaires were analyzed using a structural equation model, specifically the SPSS AMOS 25 program. From the results of the analysis, it was found that the neighborhood satisfaction was enhanced by the improvement in the walking environment and the reduction in the neighborhood disorder level of the target area through the installation of major CPTED facilities. The results of the statistical analysis show that the reduction in the neighborhood disorder due to the CPTED project enhanced the neighborhood satisfaction and the level of neighborhood attachment in the local residents. In addition, the changes in the walking environment caused by the CPTED project had a positive effect on the neighborhood satisfaction, and as the degree of neighborhood disorder decreased, the neighborhood satisfaction increased and the local people's attachment level increased.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Health Promotion Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.32-35
• /
• 2007

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
• /
• no.36
• /
• pp.175-202
• /
• 2008

This paper analyzes the relationship between social assistance and poverty in Korea. Social assistance in Korea which had a Poor Law tradition for about forty years, was finally reformed and a new general assistance scheme designed to protect fundamental human rights, was established in 1999. Are the means-tested social assistance benefits effective in protecting the poor from hardship? How effectively do the means-tested benefits reduce poverty? To assess the effects of the means-tested social assistance benefits in Korea on poverty reduction, the study uses household data from the National Basic Livelihood Security Programme Review Board (NRB). Moreover, to obtain a comparative perspective, a British dataset the Family Resources Survey (FRS) is assessed. The incidence and the intensity of poverty for a range of household types are analyzed before and after social assistance benefits for both countries. The results of the analysis show the Korean social assistance benefits do not radically alleviate poverty, although recipients' income positions are improved after social assistance transfers. Compared to Korea, Britain achieved marked success of means-tested social assistance benefits with a high degree of effectiveness, especially among the extreme and the severe poverty brackets, while there are variations between different household types regarding the incidence and the intensity of poverty before and after transfer.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.111-120
• /
• 2018

This study aims to identify the factors influencing the perofrmance of agricultural projects for small farmers in Malawi. This cross-sectional study was conducted to discover the factors behind the slow performance of agricultural projects in alleviating poverty. The research was conducted in the Karonga and Phalombe Districts in the northern and southern parts of Malawi, respectively. The data were collected through a structured questionnaire survey administered to 82 agriculture extension workers, and a multiple regression analysis was conducted. The results indicated that farmers' socioeconomic factors, including high illiteracy and poverty rates, poor participation regarding project implementation, and high dependency syndrome, significantly affected the performance of agricultural projects. Within the projects them selves, this study discovered that there was no consistent flow of funds. This greatly affected the schedule of project activities, thereby compromising performance. The study recommends that the government and all relevant stakeholders work jointly to alleviate poverty. It is especially important to ensure that smallholder farmers are equipped with self-help capabilities. In addition, it is critical to examine the issues of funding disbursement.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.66 no.4
• /
• pp.233-255
• /
• 2014

The article attempts to explore community change perceived by participants result from The Integrated Program for Infant and Young Children, a program operated by the Community Chest. The participants expressed and shared their experiences through photos and discussions using the Photo-voice method under the theme of 'community life, its meaning and change'. The main themes were 1. In the past, 'community life,' non-meaningful space; 2. Now, we have shared identity, 'You are not alone'; 3. Our village which is a new place in my life. The article also may suggest issues on both community intervention for early children development program and organization for fosterers as social capital. Additionally, photo-voice method enabled participants to find the way to restructure their community from non-place to place. There were three stages, the first was to reflect on their community, the second was to re-inhabit in the community, and the last was to restore the community.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.217-229
• /
• 2014

This study was performed to identify neighborhood deprivation indicators associated with health and to test the contextual effects of those indicators on individual health. This study calculated SMR based on Dong district and see the differences of prediction across deprivation index and indicators. Then, a multi-level analysis using HGLM was conducted to test the contextual effect of neighborhood depreivation indicators on health after controlling for demographic and socioeconomic status of individuals. The results showed that regional SMR had strong correlations with land price, education, welfare recipients, female household proportion in Dong district but failed to show the correlation with individual health and neighborhood deprivation. Individual health was only associated with individual level of demographic and socioeconomic status. That is, spatial dispersion of illness is understood as the distribution of social classes in terms of socioeconomic status of individuals, not the contextual aspects of community.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.305-322
• /
• 2006

An increasing number of cities employ rescaling strategies that not only construct metropolitan production network scaled down from national context, but also tune up new governance to effectively control local geographies of the city. In this context, urban redevelopment has emerged a key 'global' strategy to empower governmental institutions of the city, which not only eliminate such threatening spatial variables as deteriorated housing, working-class ghettos, and crime areas, but also increase and extract exchange value of those spaces. I view such practices a process of 'glurbanization'. This paper investigates how state/city government employs the discourse of urban re/development for 'inventing' poverty at an urban scale: how it institutionalizes the discourse for implementing concrete projects: and how urban institutional apparatus appropriate their discursive practices of redevelopment for their own ends in the city. By particularly focusing on the California Redevelopment Law and the Community Redevelopment Agency of the City of Los Angeles, this paper analyzes the ways in which the law and the agency extract value from what they define 'blight areas' by means of eminent domain and tax increment revenues. For empirical analysis I employ discourse analysis and institutional ethnography. I conclusively argue that the urban spaces stigmatized as 'blight areas' are increasingly entrapped by the urban redevelopment agency, which extracts increased exchange value from the areas and redirects it for supporting external investors, private developers, and the body of the agency itself.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.31-44
• /
• 2008

This study examined the gender differences' composition affecting poverty in Busan and possible strategies for overcoming poverty. It was found that there were both common and differentiating points regarding gender in poverty situations. Poverty stricken women, tended to be older and less educated than their male counterparts. In the case of men, they were more likely to have physical disabilities than women. There were more women compared to men when regarding divorce and separation due to the death of a spouse as contributing to poverty. Women estimated that it was much easier to overcome their poverty situation as they were younger and had more income. However, there were gender differences in regard to actual re-establishment. For men, education level was the most important variable for overcoming poverty while for women; the existence of a spouse was the important variable. These results suggest that a gender sensitive approach is necessary to address and find solutions to the poverty issue. Therefore, it is hoped that this study's findings may provide valuable information and support for changes to the welfare policy.

• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.77-85
• /
• 2016

The government has switched the purpose of housing policy, from the 'housing supply' to 'housing welfare', with the Housing Laws established in 2015 under evaluation that resident stability and resident standard were improved. But, as 'affordable' housing is gradually decreasing, residential environment has become more poor. Residential environment is a basic element for the child safety, health, and better education. This study explored that the poor resident environment had effect on the child, figured out the situation on housing poverty of domestic child and searched the situation of the residential policy of domestic and foreign child. The main results are as follows. First, the poor resident environment of childhood has a bad effect on the physical health, mental health, academic achievement and cognitive development. Second, 1.29 million children (11.9%) are living in condition of housing poverty below minimum resident standard and are concentrated in certain areas. Third, the policy on housing poverty of domestic child is almost absent and focuses on the elderly, young people. this study discussed political and practical solutions based on these research results. On the basis of these research results, as policy suggestions we proposed housing policy making based on the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, evidence-based housing policy enforcement and, residential policy suggestions under the responsibility of central government, and as practical suggestions community working as the subject and related agency's solidarity from prevention activity of housing poverty and child advocacy point and we discussed way for issue and analyzed related laws, policies, commitments.