• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.145-155
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• 2006

This study investigated the correlation of the nutritional status of antioxidant vitamins and serum lipids and MDA levels in postmenopausal women. Data about general characteristics, dietary intakes and biochemical parameters, including serum lipids, MDA and antioxidant vitamins levels, were collected from 85 postmenopausal women. The subjects were classified into three groups according to their serum total cholesterol level: normocholesterolemia group (NC, < 200 mg/dL), moderate hypercholesterolemia group (MC, $200{\sim}239mg/dL$) and hypercholesterolemia group(HC, ${\geq}240mg/dL$). The results are as follows. 1) General characteristics and serum MDA levels were not significantly different among the three groups. 2) Daily nutrients intakes adjusted to energy intake were not significantly different among the three groups, and were compatible with dietary reference intakes (DRIs) for Koreans. 3) Dietary Vt. A, ${\beta}-carotene$, Vt. C and Vt. E intake were not significantly different among the groups, while Vt. E intake was positively related with serum TC (r=0.288, p<0.05) and triglyceride (r=0.341, p<0.001) levels. 4) Serum Vt. A level standardized by serum TC level was significantly low and serum Vt. E level was significantly high in the HC group. Serum Vt. E level was positively related with serum TC level (r=0.389, p<0.001). 5) Dietary Vt. E intake was negatively correlated to serum MDA level (r=-0.242 p<0.05). Serum Vt. C and Vt. E levels were also negatively correlated to serum MDA level (r=-0.312, p<0.001 and r=-0.299, p<0.05). When the correlation was analyzed only in the group with hypercholesterolemia, correlation coefficients between the antioxidant vitamin and serum MDA level were higher. We concluded that intakes of antioxidant vitamins can contribute to decreasing the risk of cardiovascular disease by decreasing the oxidative stress of body rather than by controlling serum lipid levels.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.107-114
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• 2017

To increase the bioavailability of Opuntia humifusa, O. humifusa was fermented using L. plantarum, and the characteristics of the fermented extract were confirmed. The characteristics of fermented extracts were investigated through viscosity, total polyphenol content, amino acid, antibacterial activity, cytokine analysis and zymography. The viscosity decreased by half and vitamin C remained almost unchanged during fermentation. Total polyphenols, most amino acids, total amino acids and major minerals were increased by fermentation. There was no cytotoxicity, and the activity of cytokines and MMP-9 in inflammation was inhibited. The inhibitory effect on inflammation and tissue destruction was found to be inhibited in L. plantarum fermentation extracts compared to hot water extracts. These results are expected to be the basis for the development of materials that enhance the functionality of L. plantarum-fermented O. humifusa extract.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.137-141
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• 2007

The sugar content of persimmon fruits was decreased when food-waste compost was used. Dungsi was brighter with yellow color than that of control. The Gabjubaekmok was darker than that of control with red color. It was suggested that taste of astringent was reduced because total phenol and soluble tannin contents were reduced by that compost. The vitamin C content of persimmon fruits during storage was higher than that of control. Stability of persimmon fruits by that compost and usual compost was about the same at room temperature. At low temperature, hardness of persimmon fruits was maintained for 20days. Hardness and reducing sugar contents of persimmon fruits were increased by food-waste compost. The result was shown that there was no effect on composition of persimmon fruits by food-waste compost and maintaining hardness at room temperature, but at low temperature, the composition of persimmon fruits was changed.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.190-194
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• 2003

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate effect by split-application of slow-release fertilizer on the tea plant. The yield of the 2nd harvested tea leaves was not different to the slow-release fertilizer of two time split manuring had been doing Sep. or Mar. compared with the traditional manuring had been doing four time split manuring, but that of the slow-release fertilizer to one time split manuring in Sep. had decreased $12.5{\pm}1.5%$. In case of the 2nd harvested leave, the contents of chemical components related to quality such as total nitrogen, total amino acid were somewhat higher in the slow-release fertilizer (two time split manuring) than in the traditional manuring, but those of tannin, and caffeine were low, and those of chlorophyll, vitamin C, free sugar and theanine were not different to out of treatments. In scoring test, appearance and quality of green tea were more excellence in the two time split manuring compared with one time split manuring of slow-release fertilizer and with the traditional manuring (four time split manuring). Therefore, I thought that use of slow-release fertilizer be increased yield and quality of tea leaves, and improved efficiency nature of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium out of soil fertilizer components.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.20-28
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• 1980

Thirty species of wild yeasts were ioslated and identified from two hundred strains collected from flowers by enrichment techniques using steptomycin. Among them, twnety three species could assimilate methanol and three species, Candida incommunis, cryptococcus aerius and Hansenula ciferrii which showed good biomass yield were selected. These three species assimilated methanol as carbon and energy source without mixture of vitamin and yeast extract. The species grown on methanol media were confirmed to have all essential amino acids in their cellular constituents. The content of total amino acids are as followings ; Candida incommunis : 42.5%, Hansenula ciferrii : 39.9%. Of the essential amino acids lysine and threonine which are usually lacking in grain protein were as much as flour's. The experiments on the growth conditions for the higher biomass yield showed the result that the optimum concentration of methanol ans temeprature wre defined as 1.3% and $30^{\circ}C$ in each species.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.224-235
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• 1984

Vitamin E status affected by dietary high PUFA and Se was examined by biochemical and morphological means. Rats were fed four different diets(I : 15% p/s=1 control diet, II : 15% perilla oil diet, III : 15% perilla oil, vitamin mix -vitamin E, IV : 15% perilla oil, vitamin mix-vitamin E and salt mix -Se ) for $4\frac{1}{2}$ weeks. Various dietary treatments had no significant effects on body weight gains of rats. Activities of serum creatine phosphokinase known as an indicator of vitamin E deficiency were significantly higher( P < 0.001) in groups fed diets high in PUFA, regardless of the addition or omission of vitamin E from the vitamin mixture than those in control group. Vitamin E concentrations of serum and liver were affected by experimental diets and serum levels were more affected than those in liver. Electron microscopic observations of the liver revealed 1) the presence of swollen and degenerated mitochondria and lysosome-like body(II), and 2) markedly swollen and degenerated mitochondria, numerous lysosomes and decreased in size and number of microvilli along the bile canaliculus ( III, and 3) a remarkable accumulation of lipid droplets, nuclear pyknosis, degenerated mitochondria and increased number of lysosomes scattered along the cell junction in the hepatocytes (IV).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.908-913
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• 2000

To enhance the utilization of apple pomace for the functional food resources, we analyzed the useful components and examined the antioxidant activity of apple pomace. The contents of total dietary fiber, total flavonoid, total phenolic acid and vitamine C were 55.56%, 458 mg%, 1048 mg% and 19.8 mg%, respectively. Protocatechuic acid, cinamic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid and phydroxybenzoic acid were identified in the apple pomace extract by GC-MS. Phloridzin and quercetin-3-glucoside were identified in the apple pomace extract by HPLC. Ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest antioxidative ability by ferric thiocyanate method. Malondialdehyde(MDA) formation in normal rat liver tissue also showed the lowest in ethyl acetate fraction.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 2004

Food irradiation has been steadily increased in many countries concomitantly with increasing international trades and concerns about naturally occurring harmful contaminants of food. Although, irradiation provides an excellent safeguard for the consumer by destroying harmful bacteria, it would be necessary to investigate nutritional adequacy of irradiated foods with a special emphasis on such foods as red pepper powders, cold-water fishes (mackerel), sesame seeds that are widely consumed in Korea. These food items are of special concern due to the fact that most of them are imported and that several nutrients contained in them are sensitively reacting to irradiation. We observed changes in the antioxidant nutrients contents, such as vitamin A, $\beta$-carotene, vitamin C and total phenol, and also vitamin B$_1$ in the foods that were irradiated at different dose levels. The nutrients contents in red pepper were respectively 98.6% and 92.3％ for total phenol, and 97.8% and 94.5% for $\beta$-carotene, right after irradiation at the dose of 10 and 20 kGy. The vitamin C contents decreased with irradiation doses up to 76.4% (10 kGy) and 68.5% (20 kGy) and B$_1$ contents decreased to 54.9% and 80.7% of non irradiated red pepper. When the mackerel was irradiated at the applied dose of 3 and 7 kGy, total phenol concentration of the irradiated fish was respectively 91.3% and 94.2% of non irradiated fish. The amounts of vitamin A were 82.6% (3 kGy) and 78.0% (7 kGy) of unirradiated sample and vitamin B$_1$ contents reduced to 30.5% and 51.5%. $\alpha$-Tocopherol content was 33.9% of the non-irradiated one when it was irradiated at 7 kGy. Vitamin A and ${\gamma}$-tocopherol contents in sesame seeds linearly decreased with the applied doses (5 and 10 kGy) Vitamin A contents decreased up to 87.8% (5 kGy) and 82.9% (10 kGy) and that of ${\gamma}$-tocopherol were 72.4% and 66.5% of the unirradiated sample.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.253-259
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different additives on the growth performance, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics in Holstein steers during 18month fattening periods. Twenty four Holstein steers, 5months of age and 176.6kg, were randomly allocated to 3 experimental groups 8 animals each for 18-months feeding trial. The groups were control (not additive), T1 (fed zinc, Vitamin C) and T2 (fed zinc, Vitamin C, Vitamin B6 and Selenium). According to feeding additives, final weight was not significantly different among the treatment groups, tended to be high at T2 group (827kg) compared to the other groups. Average daily gain was not different among the treatment groups during the experimental periods, but T2 group was significantly greater than T1 group in growing stage (p<0.05). The feed additives had no effects on DMI during experimental periods. Feed conversion ratio of T1 group in growing stage was significantly higher than those of other groups (p<0.05), average feed conversion ratio was tend to be decreased at T2 group rather compared with other groups. In the results of yield traits, carcass weight were relatively higher in T2 group than other groups (p<0.05). Rib-eye area, back fat thickness and yield index were similar between groups. In quality traits, marbling, meat color, fat color, texture and maturity were not significantly different among the groups. In economic efficiency, income was highest at T2 group as 91~393 thousand won among 3 groups.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

Potato is the 4th important crop along with rice, wheat and maize. It contains high quality of starch with relatively high content of vitamin C and protein. However, there is a nutritionally limiting factor due to a low level of sulphur-containing essential amino acid including methionine and cysteine. Recently, recombinant DNA technology and metabolic engineering with genes involved in the bio-synthetic pathway have been applied to enhance the level of these essential amino acids. In this report, it has been discussed about the current status and bottleneck on the development of transgenic potato containing high level of sulphur-containing essential amino acids.