• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.34-41
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• 2020

In recent years, magnitude and frequency of earthquakes have increased in Korea. Damage to a bridge, which is one of the main infrastructures, can directly lead to considerable loss of human lives. Therefore, engineers need to evaluate the seismic fragility of the structure and prepare for the possible seismic damage. In particular, the number of aging bridges over 30 years of service increases, and thus the seismic analysis and fragility requires accounting for the aging and retrofit effects on the bridge. In this study, the nonlinear static and dynamic analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of the aging and FRP retrofit on a PSC bridge. The aging and FRP retrofit were applied to piers that dominate the response of the bridge during earthquakes. The maximum displacement of the bridge increased due to the aging of the pier but decreased when FRP retrofit applied to the aged pier. In addition, seismic fragility analysis was performed to evaluate the seismic behavior of the bridge combined with the seismic performance of the pier. Compared with the aged bridge, the FRP retrofit bridge showed a decrease in the seismic fragility in all levels of damage. The reduction of the seismic fragility in the FRP bridge was prominent as the value of PGA and level of damage increased.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.2A
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• pp.233-242
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• 2008

This study presents a non-prismatic beam element for modeling the elastic and inelastic behavior of steel beams, which have the post-Northridge(cover plate) connections in steel moment frames that are subjected to earthquake ground motions. The elastic stiffness matrix for non-prismatric members with increased beam section (IBS) connection is in the closed-form. The plasticity model is of a discrete type and is composed of a series of nonlinear hinges connected by rigid links. The hardening rules can model the inelastic behavior for monotonic and random cyclic loading, and the effects of local buckling. Moreover the determination of yield surfaces, stiffness parameters, and hardening (or softening) rule parameters for IBS beam element were described. Analytical results of the IBS beam element show good correlation with test data and FEM results.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.83-83
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• 2022

여러 분야의 연구자들이 지진해일의 위험에 대한 경각심을 가지고, 지진해일의 발생, 전파 그리고 수리현상을 해석하기 위해 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다. 해안지역에서 직접적인 피해를 입히는 지진해일의 충격파, 처오름, 월파, 침수 등에 관한 연구에 유사한 파형 특성을 가진 고립파를 많이 사용한다. 고립파는 비선형성과 분산이 균형을 이루는 가정에서 Korteweg-de Vries(KdV) 방정식을 만족하는 안정적인 이론파이다. 고립파의 파형분포는 수심에 의해 결정되고, 일정 수심 이상에서는 지진해일을 대신해 사용할 수 있다. 그러나 수심이 낮은 천해에서는 주기와 파장이 비현실적으로 짧아짐으로 지진해일을 대신하기에는 무리가 있다. 본 연구에서는 지진해일의 처오름 특성을 분석하기 위한 1:20 불투과성 경사면이 포함된 수치파동수조를 구성한다. 먼저, 일본 NOWPHAS(Nationwide Ocean Wave information network for Ports and HArbourS)의 관측자료를 이용하여 2011 동일본 지진해일과 고립파의 파형분포를 비교한다. 그리고 다양한 파형의 지진해일 생성할 수 있게 개발된 조파방법을 수치파동수조에 도입하여 수치해석을 수행한다. 수치해석결과, 지진해일의 처오름 높이가 고립파에 비해 최대 1.8배, 최소 1.13배, 평균 1.56배 증가한다.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.58-65
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• 2016

Various passive energy dissipation systems have been proposed and widely applied to real building structures under seismic load due to their high energy-dissipation potential and low cost for installation and maintenance. This paper presents nonlinear dynamic analysis results of the effectiveness of exterior-installed Kagome damping system(EKDS) in passively reducing seismic response. Kagome damping system proposed by previous studies has isotropic and bi-linear hysteretic characteristics and the installation configuration is newly presented in this study. The 15 and 20 story RC framed apartment buildings are used for verifying the effectiveness of the EKDS. The stiffness ratio of the damper supporting column to the original building, the number of the dampers, and the installed stories were considered as design parameters. Numerical results demonstrated that the EKDS were very effective in reducing both the two horizontal directional seismic responses by just using smaller number of exterior-installed damping system when compared to the traditional one-directional inter-story installed damping systems.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2021

Recently, various piloti structures have been constructed in Korea to secure residential and parking spaces. However, these piloti structures have been constructed in the form of protruding columns without walls to secure parking spaces on the first floor. In this form, when an earthquake occurs, the column is relatively easily damaged compared to general structures, and such damage can lead to the collapse of the structure. Therefore, in this study, a study on securing the safety of the piloti structure using the MPS (Multi Performance System) seismic isolation device was conducted. Nonlinear dynamic analysis according to the presence or absence of MPS seismic isolation device was performed on the existing piloti structure, and analysis results were compared and analyzed. Finally, each seismic performance evaluation was performed and the superiority of the MPS seismic isolation device was verified.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.48-54
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• 2022

This research describes a quantitative procedure used to estimate the effect of concrete cracking on stiffness degradation of concrete shear walls and provides analytical references for the seismic design of concrete shear walls. As preliminary research on the seismic response of concrete shear walls, nonlinear transient analysis was performed with commercial FE software. The study presents the nonlinear time history analysis results in terms of concrete damage and cracking behavior induced by seismic input motions. By varying the input motions, concrete strength and shear wall thickness, the seismic responses of a shear wall were examined with nonlinear time history analysis, and the progressive cracking behavior and corresponding hysteresis loop were described. Based on the analysis results, frequency and stiffness degradation of the shear wall from progressive concrete damage and cracking were captured with respect to the seismic levels. The results of this study suggest that stiffness degradation from concrete cracking should be appropriately considered when determining the seismic capacity of RC shear wall structures.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.45-54
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• 2011

A simple model for reinforced concrete shear walls with boundary elements is proposed, which is a macro-model composed of spring elements representing flexure and shear behaviors. The flexural behaviour is represented by vertical springs at the wall ends, where the moment strength and rotational capacity of the wall are based on section analysis. The shear behaviour is represented by a horizontal spring at the wall center, where the key parameters for the shear behavior are based on the flexural behaviour since the shear walls with boundary elements are governed by the flexure. The proposed model was prepared with the results of hysteretic tests of the shear walls, and then the reliability of the hysteretic rule and variables was investigated by nonlinear dynamic analyses. Using parametric study with nonlinear dynamic analyses, the effect of the variables on demand and capacity, which are major parameters in seismic performance evaluation, are investigated. Results show that the measured and calculated shear forces versus the shear distortion relationships are slightly different, but the global response is well simulated. Furthermore, the demand and capacity are also changed in a similar way to the change in the major parameters so that the proposed model may be appropriate for reinforced concrete shear walls with boundary elements.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.373-384
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• 2000

To assess the safety of nonlinear steel frame structures subjected to short duration dynamic loadings, especially seismic loading, a nonlinear time domain reliability analysis procedure is proposed in the context of the stochastic finite element concept. In the proposed algorithm, the finite element formulation is combined with concepts of the response surface method, the first order reliability method, and the iterative linear interpolation scheme. This leads to the stochastic finite element concept. Actual earthquake loading time-histories are used to excite structures, enabling a realistic representation of the loading conditions. The assumed stress-based finite element formulation is used to increase its efficiency. The algorithm also has the potential to evaluate the risk associated with any linear or nonlinear structure that can be represented by a finite element algorithm subjected to seismic loading or any short duration dynamic loading. The algorithm is explained with help of an example and verified using the Monte Carlo simulation technique.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.2105-2108
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• 2007

지진해일이 발생하여 먼 거리를 전파할 때 코리올리스 힘이 지진해일의 거동에 매우 큰 영향을 준다. 또한 지진해일은 파장에 비해 파고가 작은 장파이기 때문에 먼 거리를 이동하는 지진해일의 해석에는 코리올리스 효과가 반영된 선형 천수방정식을 사용하는 것이 적절하다. 본 연구에서는 구면좌표계에서 유한차분기법을 사용하여 지진해일의 거동을 모의하였다. 대상 지진해일은 1983년 동해 중부 지진해일이다. 관측된 결과를 본 연구에서의 모의 결과와 비교하였다.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.3 s.49
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• pp.65-75
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• 2006

Nonlinear pushover analysis is used to evaluate the earthquake response of building structures. To accurately predict the inelastic response of a structure, the prescribed story load profile should be able to describe the earthquake force profile which actually occurs during the time-history response of the structure. In the present study, a new modal combination method was developed to predict the earthquake load profiles of building structures. In the proposed method, multiple story load profiles are predicted by combining the modal spectrum responses multiplied by the modal combination factors. Parametric studies were performed far moment-resisting frames and walls. Based on the results. the modal combination factors were determined according to the hierarchy of each mode affecting the dynamic responses of structures. The proposed modal combination method was applied to prototype buildings with and without vertical irregularity. The results showed that the proposed method predicts the actual story load profiles which occur during the time-history responses of the structures.