• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.407-414
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• 2019

Anthocyanin, polyphenol contents, and antioxidant activities of introduced small fruits and berries varieties were investigated. The anthocyanin and polyphenol contents were different according to the varieties. The highest total anthocyanin was 927.9~1,149.1 mg, $100g^{-1}FW$, and the highest total polyphenol content was 502.2 to 530.5 mg, $100g^{-1}FW$ in black chokeberry. A linear correlation ($r^2$) was shown between DPPH free-radical scavenging activity and total anthocyanin ($r^2=0.7669^{**}$) and phenolic content ($r^2=0.8956^{***}$). The content of quercetin, catechin and epicatechin was higher among the all types of polyphenols in small fruits and berries varieties. The main anthocyanin of blueberry and black currant was delphinidin-3-glucoside, and the major anthocyanin of saskatoon berry and black chokeberry was cyanidin-3-galactoside.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.198-204
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• 2014

Ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation is a negative factor that induces skin damage, inflammation, and aging. UVB irradiation induces the inflammatory response through interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 expression in keratinocytes. In addition, it induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), which plays an important role in collagen 1 degradation in the extracellular matrix. We investigated the antiaging effects of five kinds of berry in human skin keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells using juice of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis), blueberry wild (Vacciniun angustifolium) and cultivar (Vacciniun corymbosum), black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott), and mulberry (Morus abla). HaCaT cells irradiated with UV-B exhibited increased ROS generation, as well as IL-6, IL-8, and MMP-1 gene expression, when compared to the control cells that were not irradiated with UV-B. However, pre-treatment of berry juice before UV-B irradiation significantly down-regulated the UV-B-induced ROS generation and inflammatory cytokine and MMP-1 expression. The results suggest that all berries have anti-aging effects including lowering inflammatory cytokine levels, ROS generation, and MMP-1 expression in HaCaT cells during UV-B irradiation.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.136-148
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• 2018

The study was performed to investigate basic tree growth and fruit characteristics of 'Nero' black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) depending on the different cultivation regions and altitudes in 2014, 2015. Tree growth and change of developmental stages of 'Nero' were similar regardless of meteorological environment of the four cultivation regions (Danyang, Okcheon, Yeongdong, and Geumsan) in 2014. Fruit characteristics of 'Nero' were significant differences in berry weight and anthocyanin content among the four orchards due to difference in cultivation techniques and relatively wide daily temperature range just before harvest, respectively. Tree growth and change of developmental stages of 'Nero' grown at the two orchards with different altitudes appeared to be similar during the successive years 2014 and 2015. Soluble solids content of the berries cultivated at low altitude (117 m) was higher than at high altitude (342 m). Acidity showed an inverse pattern with soluble solids content. Anthocyanin content increased progressively until at the middle of August, 2014-15 and then it decreased. Our results showed that black chokeberry is a species adaptive to the domestic environment as there were no differences in tree growth and change of developmental stages of 'Nero'. Considering fruit quality of black chokeberry such as soluble solids content, acidity, and anthocyanin content, our results suggest that optimal harvest period of black chokeberry 'Nero' is August 8 to 19.

• 농업기술회보
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.38-40
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• 2013

• 정보화사회
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• s.182
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• pp.8-11
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• 2006

유선과 무선 통신환경이 발달되면서 두 네트웍간 연동 또는 통합시킨 서비스가 속속 등장하고 있다. KT의 '원폰' 및 '안폰', 그리고 LG텔레콤의 '기분존' 이 대표적인 유무선 통합서비스이다. 이 외에도 '블랙베리' 등 e메일을 주고 받을 수 있는 서비스들도 있으며, 모바일 오피스를 구현한 SK텔레콤의 '포켓원' 도 유무선 통합서비스 계열이다.

• Venture DIGEST
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• s.135
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• pp.14-16
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• 2009

스마트폰은 모바일 산업뿐 아니라 현재 IT산업 최고의 화두이다. 2008년 미국의 비즈니스 위크지가 선정한 10대 히트 상품에는 애플의 3G 아이폰, RIM의 블랙베리 스톰이 선정 됐으며, 향후 10년 이내 일어날 10대 IT 쇼크에는 스마트폰이 일상의 중심을 차지할 거라는 이야기가 회자된다. 애플 '아이폰'의 국내 출시가 가시화되면서 본격적으로 확대될 것으로 예상되는 스마트폰 시장의 현재와 미래를 진단해보자.

• 베이커리
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• no.7 s.420
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• pp.136-139
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• 2003

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.461-465
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• 2007

In this study, changes in the overall antioxidant properties and chemical constituents including total phenolics and vitamin C of R. occidentalis fruit during ripening are studied. The antioxidant activity was measured by the free-radical scavenging activity(DPPH method) and reducing power(potassium ferricyanide method). Although, the weight and diameter of R. occidentalis fruit were increased with the progress of ripening, antioxidant activity and total phenolics were decrease during ripening. The highest free-radical scavenging activity(at $125{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) and reducing power(at $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) in fruit were 61.67% and 0.71, respectively. Total phenolic content and vitamin C content in fruit of 5 days after fruit set were $220.73{\mu}g/g$ and $540.45{\mu}g/g$, respectively. A linear correlation(r=0.9761) was shown between free-radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content.

• The Optical Journal
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• s.146
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• pp.17-22
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• 2013

휴대폰 기술은 2007년 애플의 '아이폰' 출시와 함께 스마트폰이라는 새로운 패러다임을 맞이하게 되었다. 이후 블랙베리, 안드로이드 계열, 윈도우 계열 등 다양한 스마트폰의 등장으로 2012년 말을 기준으로 스마트폰 사용자 수가 10억 명을 돌파하였으며, 전 세계 휴대폰 시장의 30%를 넘을 정도로 급성장하였다. 이와 함께 기존의 피쳐폰에서는 볼 수 없었던 터치패널, 자이로 지자기 가속도센서, 응용 프로세서(AP, Application Processor), OS(Operation System), 응용 프로그램(App, Application Program) 등 새로운 부품 및 소프트웨어들이 적용되기 시작했다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.240-245
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• 2015

The principal objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and synergistic effects of fruit and vegetable concentrates. Ten foods from two categories, including fruits (raspberry, blackberry, blueberry, acai berry, aronia, cranberry, wild berry, and red grape) and vegetables (spinach and cabbage) were combined in pairs. The antioxidant activity of the individual and combined samples was measured using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) and FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) assays. Synergistic antioxidant activities of the combinations of cabbage and acai berry, and blueberry and cranberry showed the most significant (p<0.05) increase in the DPPH and FRAP assays, respectively. In addition, the combination of cabbage and red grape demonstrated significantly high synergistic interaction in both DPPH and FRAP assays (p<0.05). These results indicate the importance of strategic selection of foods and their composition ratio for maximum synergistic antioxidant activity.