• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.524-530
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• 1993

The experiment was carried out to investigate the changes in physicochemical properties of milled rice harvested in different year and stored for four to sixty four months. The fat acidity of milled rice increased sharply from four to sixteen months storage, and after then it was increased slowly to sixty four months. Amylose, magnesium, potassium content, and K/Mg ratio of milled rice were not changed by storage duration. Water absorption rates of milled rice at 21$^{\circ}C$ and 77$^{\circ}C$, and alkali digestion value were increased by longer storage duration. Difference of water absorption rate between rice samples was greater during initial forty minutes after soaking at 21$^{\circ}C$ and with longer the soaking time at 77$^{\circ}C$. Shorter gel length of rice flour was found with prolonged storage duration, while peak, minimum, cool, breakdown and setback viscosity of gelatinized rice flour on amylograph were increased along with increasing the storage duration. The volume expansion rate during cooking and degree of iodine coloration of cooking water were higher in the longer stored rice compared with shorter one, and the amount of soluble solid in cooking water was significantly decreased in rice stored longer period.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.805-809
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• 1997

The influence of cool temperature occurred during the booting stage in 1993 on quality of rice grain was compared with that in favorable weather of 1994. The mean and minimum air temperatures during the reproductive growth stage at the paddy field of Jinbu Substation, National Crop Experiment Station were 2.2~7.4$^{\circ}C$ and 2.0~8.9$^{\circ}C$ lower respectively in 1993 compared to those of 1994. Grain fertility and brown rice yield were 11.8％ and 0.4t /ha, and 84.3％ and 5.5t /ha in 1993 and 1994, respectively. There was no difference in amylose content between two years. However, protein content of brown rice in 1994 were 1.6％ lower than that of 1993. There was no difference in alkali digestion value of milled rice between two years. Gel consistency of rice flour was 45mm in 1993 and 59mm in 1994. Amylogram characteristics of rice flour produced in 1993 showed lower peak hot, cool, and breakdown viscosities, and higher consistency and setback viscosities. The palatability of cooked rice by sensory panel test was considerably better in 1994 rice than in the rice of cool year.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.828-838
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• 2022

Purpose: Through the establishment of a computerized system of risk assessment, the purpose is to analyze the case of whether the co-workers who are subject to the risk assessment at the construction site can easily fill it out and expect disaster reduction through efficient risk assessment activities. Method: By providing the risk factors and safety measures for the work by selecting the type of work, the risk estimation and the establishment of countermeasures can be made, and a system has been established to enable practical disaster prevention activities by presenting disaster cases for the work. Result: Through the analysis of the change in the scaled disaster rate for the years following the on-site application after the establishment of the risk assessment computer system of H Construction Company, it was confirmed that the scaled disaster rate of the domestic construction industry increased, while the conversion disaster rate of H Construction Company decreased. Conclusion: Through the computational systemization of risk assessments, workers in the field can easily access the risk assessment, evaluate the risk factors of the process and establish risk prevention measures, and it has been analyzed that there is an impact on the reduction of the disaster rate during the operational analysis period.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.6D
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• pp.697-705
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to clarify the relation between environmental consciousness and railway usage behavior. Author would locate this research on position of basic survey to promote railway use according to Low Carbon Green Growth policy in Korea. In this research, we would perform descriptive analysis using data of research on the actual condition of railway use in 2008, Daegu, and describe its relationship. In addition, we would suggest some idea about policy which can promote railway use. The order of railway choice behavior noticed in clustering of environmental consciousness was cooperative behavior type, middle type and non-cooperative behavior type. It suggests that environmental consciousness has effect on transportation choice behavior. Specially, railway improvement isn't enough to promote railway use. And, it is advisable to carry out the improvement in such a way that it may encourage the nation to move from the current environmental consciousness stage to cooperative behavior. Moreover, we assumed Binary Probit(BP) model using SP data of time or condition of transportation expense compared with passenger car and bus. As the results, modified likelihood ratio of two BP models is favorable variables. And it occurred that mode was transferred from passenger car to railway when it showed higher social environment consciousness and low selfish environment consciousness, because t-statistic which represents selfish environment consciousness showed significance in 95% confidence level. That is, it can be described that environment consciousness affect on the intention of railway use.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.472-477
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• 2009

This study was conducted to reclassify Bugog series based on the second edition of Soil Taxonomy : A Basic System of Soil Classification for Making and Interpreting Soil Surveys. Morphological properties of typifying pedon of Bugog series were investigated and physico-chemical properties were analyzed according to Soil Survey Laboratory Methods Manual. The typifying pedon of Bugog series has strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) loam Ap horizon (0~22 cm), brown (7.5YR 4/4) clay loam BAt horizon (22~41 cm), strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) silty clay loam Bt1 horizon (41~59 cm), strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) silty clay loam Bt2 horizon (59~78 cm), brown (7.5YR 4/4) silty clay loam Btx1 horizon(78~90 cm), and brown (7.5YR 4/4) Btx2 horizon(90~160 cm). That occurs on swale foot slope in area of mainly granite gneiss, granite, and schist rock materials. The typifying pedon has an argillic horizon from a depth of 22 to more than 160 cm and a base saturation (sum of cations) of less than 35% at 75 cm below the upper boundary of the fragipan. That can be classified as Ultisol, not as Alfisol. The pedon has udic soil moisture regime, and can be classified as Udult. That has a fragipan with an upper boundary within 100 cm of the mineral soil surface, and keys out as Fragiudult. Also that meets the requirements of Typic Fragiudult. That has 18% to 35% clay at the particle-size control section, and has mesic soil temperature regime. Bugog series can be classified as fine silty, mixed, mesic family of Typic Fragiudults, not as fine loamy, mixed, mesic family of Typic Fragiudalfs.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.314-319
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• 2018

We analyzed QTLs for alkali-related digestion by using 120 population crossed Cheongcheong and Nagdong derived from anther culture (CNDH). The DNA markers located in the QTLs gene were selected and applied to existing cultivars. As a result of the investigation of the alkali decay degree, brown rice of Cheongcheong and Nagdong was 1.9 and 1.6, respectively, and the CNDH was $3.79{\pm}2.01$, and the distribution of variance was distributed to 7.0-1.0. The milled rice of Cheongcheong and Nagdong was 5.6 and 4.1, respectively. The mean of the CNDH was $4.86{\pm}1.55$, and the distribution of variance was distributed to 7.0-2.0. Variation distribution curves showed continuous variation that was close to non-normal distribution. In the QTLs analysis, qBRA2, qBRA6, and qBRA11 were mapped in 1-2 replications of brown rice. QHRA2-1, qHRA2-2, qHRA2-3, qHRA3, and qHRA8 were mapped in the first replication. QHRA2-1, qHRA2-2, qHRA2-3 and qHRA3 were mapped in the second replicates. And mapped to qHRA5 in 4 replicates. These were found on chromosome 2, 3, 6, 8 and 11, respectively. The phenotypic variations of qBRA2, qBRA6, and qBRA11 on the chromosomes of brown and milled rice were 1-9%. The polymorphism was analyzed for 12 types of the japonica type and six types of the indica type, based on the nine markers found in the QTLs analysis of alkali digestion. Chromosome 11, RM27258, was selected to determine the segregation ratio, which shows the difference in size by the band pattern. The results of this study will be used as basic data for the development of high-quality rice cultivars.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.413-426
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate changes of physicochemical properties and fatty acid compositions of rough rice stored at different storage temperatures and periods. So we analyzed texture, alkali digestion value (ADV), toyo glossiness value, pasting properties, fat acidity and fatty acid compositions of five rice varieties every 4 month on the condition of which rough rice had been stored at different temperatures (ambient and low temperature condition at $15^{\circ}C$) for 2 years. Hardness of cooked rice was increased by storage periods and cohesiveness of cooked rice was not considerably different among varieties according to storage temperatures and periods. ADV was significantly different among varieties and storage periods but not different with storage temperatures. Toyo glossiness value of cooked rice was continuously decreased from 4 months after storage regardless to storage temperature. The pasting properties were considerably affected by storage temperatures and periods of rough rice. Increase in peak viscosity, final viscosity and breakdown was observed but setback was decreased by storage periods. Fat acidity of brown rice was much higher than that of milled rice during storage of rough rice and tend to increase by storage period. Oleic acid among fatty acids of brown rice except Sindongin and Hitomebore tended to be decreased by storage periods and linoleic acid among fatty acids of brown rice of Hopum was decreased by storage periods. The contents of linoleinic acid and stearic acid among fatty acids of milled rice were comparatively decreased from 4 months after storage, whereas the content of palmitic acid tended to be increased by storage periods.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.429-442
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• 2002

The faunal assembalges of macrobenthos and their habitat conditions on the soft-bottoms around Dokdo(Dok Island) was investigated using a box corer and a van Veen grab in Sept. 1999 and May 2000. The sediments in the slope sites were composed of sand particles and those in Ullneung Basin were mud. The sediments in the shelf sites were in the range of fine to medium sand. The organic content of the slope sediments was in the range of 1 to 2%. The macrobenthos occurred at the slope sites represented by 15faunal groups belonging to 8 phyla, and the major faunal group was polychaetous annelids. They comprised ca. 80.6% in slope sites, and 84.8% in shelf sites. Dominant species in the slope were Exogone verugera(40.9%), Cossura longocirrata (8.4%), Tharyx sp. (6.6%), Scalibregma inflatum (4.9%), Aedicira sp. (4.7%), Aricidea ramosa (3.8%), and Sigambra tentaculata (3.7%). Dominant species in the shelf were Chone sp. (49.3%), Tharyx sp. (18.4%), Ophelina acuminata (6.7%), Chaetozone setosa (3.8%), Glycera sp. (2.6%), and Aedicira sp. (2.4%). The mean densities of macrobenthos in the slope and shelf area were $2,028\;ind./m^2$ and $456\;ind./m^2$, respectively. The trophic composition of benthic polychaete worms in the slope area was different from that in shallow shelf area: surface deposit feeding worms were most abundant in slope area whereas filter feeding worms in shelf area. According to the cluster analysis and MDS plots, the spatial distribution of macrobenthos in Dokdo slope region was related with the sediment properties such as particle size and organic content. In the case of vertical distribution of macrobenthos in slope sites, most faunas concentrated in the upper sediment layer within 2cm depth.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 1993

A study was carried out to investigate the genesis and mineralogical characteristics of clay minerals in three different types of soil derived from the gray shale distributed in Kyeongbuk Province in Korea. The soils have been developed from parent materials of residuum (Daegu series, Sirye series), colluvium(Banho series), and alluvium (Bigog series) of the same origin of parent rock with a topographical sequence. The investigation mainly focussed on the mineralogical aspects of primary minerals of asnd and silt fractions, identification and quantification of clay minerals, and characterization of hydroxy-interlayered mineral (HIM) along with their chemical composition. The identification was done through analyses of chemical, X-ray diffraction, and thermal methods. The major clay minerals in the soils are illite, vermiculite, kaolin and HIM, while chlorite and mixed layer minerals such as illite/chlorite and illite/vermiculite were coexisted as a subsidiary minerals. The distribution of clay minerals, however, varies according to the location and types of parent material. In the soils derived from the parent material of residuum, the upper soil (Daegu series) shows higher of 2:1 type minerals such as illite, vermiculite, and HIM than 1:1 type mineral rich in the lower soil(Sirye series). Soils developed from the parent material of colluvium and alluvium were high in illlte and mixed layer minerals, but low in HIM compared with the residual soils. The predominant weathering sequence of the clay minerals in each soil could be inferred as follows according to the minerlogical distribution and quantification of clay minerals : Daegu series, illite ${\rightarrow}$ vermiculite ${\rightarrow}$ HIM ; Sirye series, vermiculite ${\rightarrow}$ kaolin minerals ; Banho sereies and Bigog series, illite ${\rightarrow}$ illlte/vermiculite and/or illite/chlorlte mixed layer ${\rightarrow}$ vermiculite.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.11
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• pp.1523-1528
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• 2008

This study was carried out to compare the physicochemical characteristics and sensory quality of Sikhye (a Korean traditional rice beverage) prepared with specialty rice varieties. The results showed that Ilpum had higher hulling recovery, milled/brown rice ratio, and milling recovery than Sulgaeng, Baegjinju, Baegjinju 1, and Dongjinchal. The alkali digestive value, protein content, and amylose contents of Sulgaeng were 6.3, 7.3% and 19.3%, respectively. The highest brix degree was $10.00^{\circ}Bx$ in Baegjinju Sikhye. The turbidity appeared at 0.4440, 0.4100, 0.3828, 0.3372, 0.1414 in Ilpum, Baegjinju, Baegjinju 1, Sulgaeng, and Dongjinchal Sikhye, respectively. There were no significant differences in pH and maltose contents among the groups. The highest L-value was 44.62 in Ilpum Sikhye. The a-value and b-value were $-1.66{\sim}-0.70$ and $-9.18{\sim}-5.19$, respectively. Finally, the sensory evaluation results indicated that there were no significant differences in appearance, aroma, and taste between the groups, and the Sulgaeng Sikhye showed higher overall quality than the Dongjinchal Sikhye as the control.