• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.921-939
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• 2019

According to the social selectivity theory (SST), despite the disadvantages of life conditions, older adults experience less negative emotions because they regulate their emotions by avoiding negative stimuli or situations. Based on the SST, this study attempted to find out whether older adults are better able to regulate negative emotions than young adults in the Ultimatum Game (UG). In an UG, if the proposer proposes to distribute a portion of the money to the responder, the responder must decide whether to accept or reject it. If the responder accepts the offer, the proposer and the responder can each have their own share as proposed, but if s/he reject the offer, both get nothing. Thus, if the responder considers own economic benefits, it is a more reasonable decision to accept the unfair offer no matter how low, than to reject it. To accept an unfair offer, the responder must regulate the anger felt at the proposer. If older adults could regulate anger better than young adults, they would be less likely to reject the unfair offer than young adults. Fifty-seven olders and 60 university students participated in this study. Both the older and young adults accepted most of the fair offers. In contrast, older adults accepted unfair offers at a significantly higher rate than young adults. In addition, compared to young adults, older adults reported anger less frequently at the unfair offers. Accepting unfair offers was negatively correlated with anger report, but positively correlated with the emotion regulation measured by ERQ. The ERQ score was negatively correlated with anger report. Emotion regulation partially mediated the relationship between the age groups and acceptance of unfair offers. The present results showed that older adults accepted the unfair offers at a higher rate than young adults because they could regulate the negative emotions felt at the unfair offer better than young adults. This study provided new evidence for the claim that improving emotional regulation is a major developmental change in adulthood.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.150-160
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to understand what various factors influence school life adaption of nursing students by measuring life stress, anger and optimism. Methods: The subjects were 186 students in B city and the data were collected for the period of 17-28 April 2017. The collected data were analyzed with an independent t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's method, Cronbach's alpha and Pearson's correlation coefficients. The results are as follows respectively: life stress 1.34/4, state anger 1.24/4, trait anger 1.57/4 at average, and among optimism was 3.45/5 at average. Multiple regression analysis showed perceived physical health status(${\beta}=.20$ t=2.72, p=.007), satisfaction on college(${\beta}=.19$, t=2.53 p=.012) and life stress (${\beta}=-.14$ t=-2.28, p=.027) were related to factors. They accounted 18.2% of the optimism of the subjects. However, there was no significant correlation between optimism and anger of nursing students. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop a program to improve the optimism of nursing college students and to develop a program that can enhance the coping ability of stress to cope with life stress experienced by nursing students.

• The Monthly Diabetes
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• s.240
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• pp.54-56
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• 2009

어느 날 문득 찾아온 당뇨병이라는 몹쓸 병에 많은 이들이 분노, 좌설, 스트레스, 우울을 경험한다. 당뇨병관리를 건강하게 잘하고 있는 사람들을 보면 심리적으로 안정돼 있으면서 보다 즐거운 인생을 살아가고 있고, 또 어떤 이들은 병을 인생의 한 일부분으로서 인정하고 발판삼아 전보다 더 나은 건강한 삶을 살고 있다. 이들 역시 처음부터 당뇨병을 운명이라 생각하고 순응한 것은 아닐 것이다. 당뇨병을 진단받은 후 느끼는 여러 심리상태는 부적절한 것이 아니라 자연스러운 과정이라 봐도 무방하다. 힘든 시기를 잘 이겨내고 헤쳐나간다면 당뇨병이라는 거대한 산을 정복할 수 있다. 아프다고 해서 언제까지 주저앉아 있을 것인가?

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.175-197
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• 2011

This study aimed to expand and reconstruct the Driving Behavior Determinants' factors in order to confirm the relationship between Driving Behavior Determinants(DBD) and drivers' reckless driving behavior level. To expand the structure of DBD, drivers anger, introversion and type A characteristics were added, which were never considered as related factors in existing DBD studies before. The correlations between the new factors of DBD and reckless driving behavior(includes driver's personal records of driving experiences for the last three years) were verified. A factor analysis result showed us that new DBD questionnaire consists of five factors such as, 'Problem Evading', 'Benefits/Sensation Seeking', 'Anti-personal Anxiety', 'Anti-personal Anger', and 'Aggression'. Also, reckless driving behavior consists of 'Speeding', 'Inexperienced Coping', 'Wild Driving', 'Drunken Driving', and 'Distraction'. The result of correlation between the DBD and reckless driving behavior indicates that inappropriate level of DBD is highly correlated with dangerous driving behavior and strong possibilities of traffic accidents. Based on these results, we might be able to discriminate drivers according to DBD level and predict their reckless driving behavior through a standardization procedure. Futhermore, this will make us to provide drivers differentiated safety education service.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.7-21
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was identify the level of stress, anger and anger expression in the clinical setting and identify the relation ships between anger and stress of nursing students in the clinical setting. A convenient sample of 213 junior college of nursing students was used for the study. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation Coefficients. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1. The average stress score in the clinical setting of subjects was 3.87. The higher level of stress in the clinical setting was 4.10 in domain of nurses, 4.10 in domain of human relationships, 4.07 in domain of report and 3.89 in domain of relationship between nursing theory and practice. 2. The average state-anger score of subjects was 1.54. 3. The average anger-out score of anger expression mode was 1.66 and 2.36 in anger-in. 4. The state-anger was found significantly related to stress of nursing students in the clinical setting (r=0.256 p<0.001). In the relationship between state- anger and stress in the clinical setting, environment, patient relationship, between nursing theory and practice, nurses, report, orientation were significantly positive correlation . 5. The anger-out of anger expression mode was not found significantly related to stress of nursing students in the clinical setting. 6. The anger-in of anger expression mode was found significantly related to stress of nursing students in the clinical setting (r=0.205 p<0.01). In the relationship between anger-in of anger expression mode and stress in the clinical setting, environment, patient, nurses, human relationships, conference were significantly positive correlation.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.240-248
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to identify the influence of workplace violence on anger and post traumatic stress disorder among nurses. Methods: The research design for this study was a descriptive survey design using a random sampling. Data collection was done using self-questionnaire with 477 nurses. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test and logistics regression. Results: The incidences of total violence, verbal, physical, and sexual violence were 31.2%, 28.7%, 6.3%, 3.6% of the nurses, respectively. Anger was significantly associated with verbal violence (OR: 2.34, CI: 1.40~3.91) and physical violence (OR:4.85 CI: 1.67~14.13). Post traumatic stress disorder was significantly associated with verbal violence (OR: 15.99, CI: 9.58~26.69) and physical violence (OR: 5.37, CI: 1.66~17.40). Conclusion: To promote psychological health in nurses, there is a need to develop prevention programs to decrease workplace violence and to develop programs supporting psychological aspects of verbal violence that nurses experience.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.43-52
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• 1999

정서는 생리적 반응을 수반하는 주관적인 경험이다. 뇌파와 자율신경계 반응의 차이에 의한 기본정서 구분 연구는 보고된 바가 없다. 본 연구에서는 1) 여섯 기본정서를 뚜렷하게 유발하는 정서자극을 선정하고, 이를 사용하여 2) 기본정서를 구분할 수 있는 심리생리적 복합 지표 모델을 개발하고자 하였다. 국제정서사진체계에서 여섯 기본정서 (행복, 슬픔, 분노, 혐오, 공포, 놀람) 각각을 신뢰롭게 유발하는 여섯 쌍의 슬라이드를 선택하였다. 슬라이드 제시에 의하여 유발되는 뇌파, 심전도, 호흡, 피부전기반응을 기록하여 분석/비교하였다. 주요결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 뇌파의 상태적 출현량, 심박률, 호흡률, 피부전도반응은 안정상태와 정서상태간의 비교에서 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 뇌파분석결과에서는 theta (F4, 01), slow alpha (F3, F4), fast alpha (O2), fast beta (F4, O2)파의 상대적 출현량 변화값이 일부 정서들간에 유의미한 차이가 있었다. 셋째, 자율신경계 분석결과에서는 심박률, 호흡률, 피부전도반응이 일부 정서들간에 유의미한 차이를 보여주었다. 이들 결과를 토대로 기본정서를 특정적으로 구분할 수 있는 심리생리적 복합 지표 모델을 구성하였다. 네 기본정서 (공포, 혐오, 슬픔, 분노)는 뇌파와 자율신경계 반응패턴에 의한 구분이 가능하였으나, 행복과 놀람은 본 연구에서 사용한 심리생리지표에 의한 최종 구분이 불가능하였다. 여섯 기본정서를 모두 구분할 수 있는 적절한 지표를 찾아내는 후속연구가 필요하다.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.133-150
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore the contents and process of sexual harassment experience in digital games. We interviewed 12 Female gamers and analyzed their experiences through grounded theory. In the paradigm model, the core phenomenon was psychological confusion and influence. Various causal, contextual and interventional conditions have been identified. The strategies were 'direct and passive action', and 'anger expression'. The consequences were 'decreasing the value of game' and 'negative perception of Korean society and men'.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.191-199
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate in depth the emotional experiences experienced by marriage migrant women. To this end, in-depth interviews were conducted with three Korean migrant women who could speak Korean. Collected data were analyzed by Giorgi's phenomenological research method. Research shows that 'parents are comfortable, trying to live more actively', 'because they are faithful to their homes because of their husband's support', 'being emotionally comforted and living more positively', 'joy of experiencing God's help' Reconciled to being emotionally resilient and well-to-be with their husbands and those around them,' 'does not hold family work due to emotional anxiety', 'resulting in resentment and conflict between them and their husbands.' Eight categories of were derived. The results of the study on the emotional experience of marriage immigrant women show that they have laid the foundation for them to adapt and live emotionally well.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.179-188
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of fatigue and its related factors in cancer patients during chemotherapy. Methods: The subjects of this study consisted of 90 patients over 20 years old who were receiving chemotherapy at the injection room of the o.p.d. and ward admission care unit in a University hospital located in Gwang-ju city and data were collected from August 8th to October 2nd, 2002. Collected data were analysed using SPSS v 10.0. to obtain summary statistics for the descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Results: 1. Fatigue of the subjects was significantly correlated with physical distress score. and 6 items of subscale those were nausea, vomiting, anorexia, pain, and immobility, showed statistically significant correlation. 2. Fatigue of the subjects showed statistically significant differences according to a nap satisfaction. Fatigue of the subjects was significantly correlated with mood state, Also, all 5 items of subscale, which are those were anxiety, confusion, depression, energy, and anger showed statistically significant correlations. 3. Fatigue of the subjects showed statistically significant differences according to metastasis, chemotherapy cycle, post operation existence, post radiation therapy existence. There were significant negative correlation between fatigue and hematocrit and fatigue and weight change. There was no significant correlation between fatigue and spiritual well-being state. With the result to multiple regression, Immobility, Anorexia, Anger explained fatigue by, pain, and immobility showed statistically significant correlation.