• Computational Structural Engineering
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.117-127
• /
• 1995

The objective of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of rotating orthotropic axes model in analyzing reinforced concrete planar members under cyclic as well as monotonic loading. The structural members to be addressed are moderately reinforced beams, columns, beam-column joints, and shear walls, whose failure occurs due to compressive crushing after extensive crack propagation, The rotating orthotropic axes model which is usually used for monotonic loading is developed for cyclic loading. With the existing cyclic material models of reinforcing steel and bond-slip, this material model is used for the finite element analysis. For monotonic loading, the analytical results of the rotating orthotropic axes model are compared with reinforced concrete beams which have brittle failure. For Shear wall members under cyclic loading, the analyses are compared with the experiments for the ultimate load capacity, nonlinear deformation, and pinching effect due to crack opening and closing.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.491-498
• /
• 2001

The failure phenomenon of overlaid concrete structures, such as surface crack and peel-off failure in the contact zone, was investigated due to temperature shock(rainfall). To investigate this failure phenomenon, the surface tensile stress, and the shear stress, the vertical tensile stress in the contact zone were analysed using the non-linear stress-strain relationship of material such as strain-hardening- and strain-softening diagrams. Rainfall intensity, overlay thickness and overlay material were the main variables in the analyses. It is assumed that the initial temperature of overlaid concrete structures was heated up to 55$\^{C}$ by the solar heat. With a rain temperature 10$\^{C}$ and the rainfall intensity of nR=1/a, tR=10min, 60min, the stress states of overlaid concrete structures were calculated. The result shows that only fictitious cracks occurred in the overlay surface and no shear bond failure occurred in the contact zone. The vortical tensile stress increasing with overlay thickness was proved to be the cause of peel-off failure in the contact zone. The formulae for relationship between the vertical tensile stress and overlay thickness, material properties were derived. Using this formulae, it is possible to select proper material and overlay thickness to prevent failure in the contact zone due to temperature shock caused by rainfall.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.441-450
• /
• 2010

This is a preliminary study on the development of precast beam-column joints for dry construction methodology. Precast beam column joints with thru-connectors (BCJ_TC) using high strength bars or PS strands were developed and their seismic performance including strength degradation, stiffness degradation and energy dissipation capacity was experimentally evaluated. Test results showed that compressive failures at the end blocks of PC beam members occurred dominantly while PC columns including panel zones were free from any damage. However, the connections confined with CFRP at the end block showed much improved seismic performance than that of the unconfined connections. Connections with neoprene pad fillers between beam and column interfaces were better than the other connections in all the seismic performances except initial stiffness. To improve the seismic performances of BCJ_TC, compressive strength of the concrete at the end block need to be increased to compensate for the additional compressive stresses due to unbonded connectors and deformation of connectors should be controlled respectively.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
• /
• v.5 no.4 s.18
• /
• pp.71-77
• /
• 2005

Bonded CFRP Plate method used murk in reinforcement method is very efficient for stress increment of reinforced members. But CFRP plate dosen't display enough its capacity and have the destruction characteristic of premature failure that reach failure by debond plate, because near-surface-bond using epoxy. Such destruction character of reinforced specimens take the influence at variables as steel reinforcement ratio, concrete strength, kind of reinforcement materials, reinforced length, property of epoxy used in binder and so on. In this study, performed experiment results are compared and considered on flexural performance of Near Surface Mounted Reinforcement used CFRP-Rod, as complement about structural behavior of RC beam reinforced flexural capacity in CFRP plate and premature failure of reinforcement material. Main variables of RC beam applied CFRP Plate external bond method are experimental variables as reinforcement length, reinforcement position (tension face and side face of beam) and existence of ironware in end parts. In case of CFRP-Rod, variable is reinforcement length.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.357-364
• /
• 2002

The study performed a series of flexural tests on Closed Cold-Formed Steel Sections for stud, joist, and roof truss. Results were compared with analytical values. Each 2.4-m long and 0.9-m wide specimen consisted of two steel beams set at 0.46 m interval. The steel beams were attached to the specimens using either plaster board or ply wood. Another specimens did not use any attachment material. Positive and negative bending tests were conducted to investigate the composite behavior, including the effects of plaster board or ply wood on the buckling behavior of steel beam. Full-scale roof truss tests were also performed to study the buckling behavior and failure mode of the truss members.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.493-504
• /
• 2008

This paper deals with the experimental analysis of the flexural behaviour of encased composite beams with hollow core slabs and channels. The shear force between steel beams and hollow core slabs are transferred by channels. Three full-scale specimens were constructed and tested with different steel beam heights, which were compared with those of previous studies. Based on observation of the experiments, the encased composite beams exhibited full shear connection behaviour without any other shear connectors due to their inherent mechanical and chemical bond stress. Experimental results show a behaviour similar to steel-concrete composite beams with classical connectors: elastic and yield domains, great ductility, flexural failure mode (plastic hinge), low relative movement at steel-concrete interface and all specimens failed in a very ductile manner. Consequently, this study enables the validation of the proposed connection device under static loading and shows that it meets modern structural requirements.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.141-150
• /
• 1993

콘크리트내에 짧은 길이를 갖고 임의의 방향으로 배향된 강섬유는 콘크리트가 인장응력을 받을 때 일반콘크리트에 비하여 인장강도와 연성을 증가시키며 이는 콘크리트모체내 강섬유의 균열억제메카니즘에 기인한다. 본연구에서는 기존의 각기다른 spacing 개념들에 의하여 SFRC의 인장강도를 예측하고 정확한도를 실험치와 비교하여 평가하였는데 시험체의 경계조건 및 타설시의 진동으로 인한 콘크리트내 강섬유의 재향성을 고려한 단위면적당 섬유수(N1)개념이 실행결과와 가장 좋은 상관관계를 나타내었다. 또한 SFRC의 강도후 영역에 대한 이론적인 해석이 고려되었으며 본 해석은 시험체의 경계조건, 진동효과, 콘크리트모체와 강섬유의 강섬유의 접촉면의 비선형부착특성 고려 및 특히 위험단면에서 매입길이가 다른 각 강섬유의 적합조건을 고려하였다.

• 어항어장
• /
• s.2
• /
• pp.86-127
• /
• 1988

버트리스 푸팅 케슨(Buttress footing caisson) 및 상형 푸팅 케슨의 역학특성을 해명하고 구조설계법을 검토할 목적으로 재하실험을 실시했다. 재하실험에는 배근의 제약등을 고려해서 실구조물의 1/4정도의 대형모형공시체를 사용해서 푸팅부를 중심으로 해석하기위해 푸팅에 선분포하중을 재하했다. 유한요소법에 따른 선형구조해석을 실시하여 변위, 단면력과 한계상황설계법에서의 산정식에서 얻어진 단면내력과를 비교하여 동설계법의 케슨구조물에 대한 적용성에 관하여 고찰했다. 이 보고로써 얻어진 주요한 결론은 아래와 같다. (1) 재하실험에 의하면 버트리스 푸팅공시체의 파괴형식은 버트리스부의 철근에 연한 부착할열파괴였다. 또 상형푸팅공시체에서는 푸팅부의 내면전단파괴였다. 양구조물을 설계할 때는 종래의 면외력만의 검토뿐아니라 면내력도 적절히 평가할 필요가 있다. (2) 양공시체 함께 푸팅 케슨본체와의 접합부 및 푸팅과 상자옆쪽의 벽과의 접합부에 변형이 일어나 종래의 판구조설계에서 가정하고 있는 판주변의 고정조건이 만족되지 않았다. 따라서 케슨구조물의 구조해석에서 구조전체계를 취급할 필요가 있고 부재단위에서는 단면력을 과대 또는 과소로 산정할 우려가 있다. (3) 철근강복시정도까지는 구조전체계를 모델화한 유한요소법에 의한 선형구조해석결과와 실험결과가 잘 일치했다. (4) 한계상태설계법에서의 굽음내력, 전단내력 및 구열폭의 산정식은 실험결과와 비교해서 어느쪽이나 안전측의 치를 부여했다.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
• /
• v.7 no.1 s.23
• /
• pp.79-85
• /
• 2007

Steel plate bonding method with epoxy is common applied to repair and strengthen RC structures, but Steel is apt to corrode quickly, hard to manufacture and heavy. To overcome these defects, it is carried out research on strengthening RC structures with FRP(Fibre Reinforced Polyrner/Plastic) FRP is generally used in the shape of Plate or Sheet, but it has weak point such as premature failure, difficult work. To cope with these problem, NSMR(Near Surface Mounted Reinforcement) which uses CFRP in the shape of Rod is proposed and carried out active research on strengthening effect of variables such as quantity, anchorage length and space of CFRP-Rod. Strengthening with CFRP-Rod is carried out under loading to some degree in fact, and so the amount of pre-loading is selected as variable in this research. The amount of pre-loading is chosen in proportion to nominal strength of non-strengthened specimen with CFRP-Rod.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.99-108
• /
• 2012

In this paper, to intend anticorrosive effect and weight reduction of conventional reinforced concrete slab, lightweight concrete slab reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP) bar was considered and some basic behaviour of the slab were investigated. Measurement of splitting tensile strength and fracture energy of the concrete, a number of flexural experiment of the slab, numerical analysis using nonlinear finite element analysis, and comparison of the experimental results to the numerical analysis, were conducted. As a result, even the weight of the lightweight concrete slab could be reduced by about 28% than the normal concrete slab, failure load of the lightweight concrete slab was 36% smaller than the normal concrete slab. Such a thing can be attributed to the lower axial stiffness and lower bond strength of GFRP bar. In the numerical analysis, to consider decreasing property of bond strength of the lightweight concrete, interface element was used between the concrete and the GFRP bar elements and this method was shown to be a better way for the numerical analysis to approach the experimental results.