• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.339-347
• /
• 2012

There still remains a controversial debate whether facial skeletal morphological differences exist between patients with nasal and mouth breathing habits. The aim of this study is to assess a relationship between over a period of time mouth breathing and facial skeletal morphology by analyzing lateral cephalometric radiographs of patients with nasal or mouth breathing habits. A total of 120 patients with skeletal class I, II, and III, who had undergone orthodontic diagnosis in department of pediatric dentistry - chonbuk national university, were chosen and their lateral cephalometric radiographs were analyzed. These patients were divided into six groups of 20, each with or without mouth breathing habits. The result of this study has not showed noticeable differences in cephalometric measurements between nasal and mouth breathing children of skeletal class I, II, and III (p > 0.05). However, when the groups were divided by age factor, mouth breathers of age 12 and older showed significant differences in cephalometrics such as decreased ramus height, maxillary retrusion, and clockwise pattern of mandible than children under age 12 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, a longer period of mouth-breathing habits in children displayed a greater chance of impaired facial growth.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.235-242
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of the skeletal maturity of hand-wrist and the development of mandibular third molar in subjects with class I and class III malocclusion. The subjects used in this study were 304 children(149 boys, 155 girls) with class I malocclusions and 308 children( 153 boys, 155 girls) with class III malocclusions, ranged from 8 to 15 years of age. Hand-wrist radiographs and panoramic radiographs were used to evaluate the stage of skeletal maturity and teeth development. Fishman's method for the skeletal maturity stages of the hand-wrist and new six-developmental-stage method for the calcification stages of mandibular third molars were analyzed. The results were as follows : 1. In subjects with class I and class III malocclusion, skeletal maturity of the hand-wrist occured earlier in females than in males(p<0.05), while the calcification stages of mandibular third molars were no significant gender differences. 2. There were no significant differences between the groups, when comparing the skeletal maturity stages of the hand-wrist and the calcification stages of mandibular third molars between subjects with the class I and the class III malocclusion. 3. The correlation coefficients between the calcification stages of mandibular third molars and the skeletal maturity stages of the hand-wrist in subjects with class I and class III malocclusion showed a high interrelationship(p<0.01). 4. The correlation coefficients between the calcification stages of mandibular third molars and chronological age in subjects with class I and class III malocclusion showed a high interrelationship (p<0.01). As a result, there were no significant differences between class I and class III malocclusion group for skeletal maturity of the hand-wrist and third molar development.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
• /
• v.35 no.9 s.340
• /
• pp.612-614
• /
• 1997

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.28 no.5 s.70
• /
• pp.839-853
• /
• 1998

The present study was performed to prove the relationship between CO-CR discrepancy and facial skeletal type. In this study, 242 subjects were randomly selected and devided into 9 groups(devided into class I, II, III by ANB and each one devided into dolicho-, brachy-, mesofacial skeleton by Ricketts' vertical index). Lateral cephalometric radiographs with the mandible in centric occlusion were taken and measured and CO and CR bites were registered on all subjects. Diagnostic casts were mounted on Panadent articulator using an estimated face-bow and centric relation bite registration. The amount and direction of CO-CR discrepancy present was recorded using a Condylar Position Indicator(CPI) and a centric occlusion wax bite registration. CPI measurements and cephalometric measurements were statistically analyzed. The finding of this study can be summerized as follows : 1. There is little correlation between right and left sides for magnitude or direction of CO-CR discrepancies. The correlation between the magnitude of CO-CR discrepancy of left A-P and right A-P is higher than that of left S-I and right S-I. 2. Correlation of Class II malocclusion group was higher than that of the other groups between the magnitude of CO-CR discrepancy of left CPI and right CPI. 3. There is no difference between the pattern of CO-CR discrepancy of 9 malocclusion groups. 4. There is very little, if any, correlation between Skeletofacial measurements and CO-CR discrepancy. 5. In Class II brachyfacial skeleton and Class III mesofacial skeleton there was Lateral cephalometric measurements by that we predict CPI measurements was detected. That was overbite, overjet, upper genial angle, lower genial angle, saddle angle, articular angle, convexity of point A, ANS-Me/Na-Me, PCBL/RH, Posterior FH/anterior FH.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.303-309
• /
• 2013

TRAINER for Kids ($T4K^{TM}$, Myofunctional. Research Co, Australia) is a prefabricated myofunctional orthodontic appliance recommended to ClassII division1 malocclusion patients who have bad oral habits such as mouth breathing, tongue thrusting, inappropriate tongue position, thumb sucking and so on. Trainer has a soft texture and a small volume so that those advantages lead to an increase in the agreement rate of young patients of its use. This presentation is to analyze clinical efficacy of Trainer. The analysis is based on a result of regular follow-up on Class II division1 malocclusion patients who has been completely treated by Trainer in the Sanbon Dental Hospital of Wonkwang university. This case report is to present the satisfactory results gained by using Trainer on Class II patients. First, Trainer was applied in Class II malocclusion patients of mixed dentition with expected space insufficient to gain facial improvement. Second, excessive overjet, overbite were improved. Third, main effects are regarded to have been achieved by development of lingual slant of upper jaw, labial slant of lower jaw, and lower part of jaw bone.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.30 no.4 s.81
• /
• pp.491-507
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate if there were a significant differences in mandibular position between cephalometric measurements from a centric occlusion tracing compared to those of a acquired centric relation by stabilization splint on malocclusion patient with TMD. 60 malocclusion patients, who had TMD and CO-CR discrepancy beyond normal range, were selected and subdivided into Class I, II, III by Angle's classification and also subdivided into clockwise, straight downward, and counterclockwise group by Jarabak's posterior facial height/anterior facial height ratio. Lateral cephaolmetric radiographs with the mandible in centric occlusion were taken and measured, and for each Patient the stabilization splint with mutually protected occlusal scheme was applied for minimum 3months. After each patient's CO-CR discrepancy was in normal range, lateral cephalometric radiographs were retaken and measured. The comparison of the difference between CO-CR cephalometric measurements in all sample, Class I, II, III groups, and Clockwise, Straight downward, Counterclockwise groups were studied. The finding of this study can be summarized as follows: 1 In all sample, the value of cephalometric measurements was significantly different between CO-CR. The mandible rotated to down and posterior position and the vertical change was greater than the horizontal change (overjet-1.3mm increase, overbite-1.9mm decrease). 2. In Class II malocclusion group, most of the mean difference value between CO-CR is higher than that of the other groups and more measurements was statically significant. 3. In clockwise and counterclockwise group, some of the mean difference value is higher than that of straight downward group and more measurements was statically significant. 4. There ware no measurements that explain centric relation measurements from the type of malocclusion, facial pattern and centric occlusion measurements. Henceforth, it is strongly recommended that stabilization splint therapy for orthodontic treatment on TMD patient should be excuted upon overall facial types prior to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2017

Objectives: This study investigated whether the impacts of orthodontic treatment of malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life and happiness are positive with middle and high school students Methods: Subjects were 157 orthodontic patients and 83 non-orthodontic in malocclusion patients. Questionnaires were collected with the self-administered method, and consisted of the general characteristics, self-esteem, social support appraisal scale(friends, family, teacher), Oral Impact on Daily Performance (OIDP) and oxford happiness questionnaire (OHQ). Results: A physical factor was lower in the orthodontic treatment group ($5.8{\pm}2.48$) than in the non-orthodontic treatment group ($7.7{\pm}2.10$)(p<0.001), and OIDP was lower in the orthodontic treatment group ($7.0{\pm}1.79$) than in the non-orthodontic treatment group ($7.8{\pm}1.80$)(p=0.002). A feeling of happiness was higher in the orthodontic treatment group($4.6{\pm}0.81$) than in the orthodontic treatment group ($4.3{\pm}0.89$) (p=0.009). As results of multiple regression analysis, OIDP was affected of orthodontic treatment(${\beta}=-0.0222$, p=0.001) and OHP was affected of orthodontic treatment(${\beta}=0.087$, p=0.030) and OIDP(${\beta}=0.116$, p=0.003). Conclusions: Orthodontic treatment of malocclusion may positively affects happiness in teenager. Support policy for orthodontic treatment of malocclusion is necessary for adolescents.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.416-426
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to calculate uncertainty of orthodontic measurement in skeletal class III malocclusion children using lateral cephalometry analysis software which obtained traceability in previous study. Using this data, standard reference of measurement value for skeletal class III malocclusion was obtained. Lateral cephalometric data was collected from 144 children who visited Pediatric Dentistry from 2017 to 2020 for orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic measurement was analyzed with software which obtained traceability. Type A evaluation of uncertainty and type B evaluation of uncertainty was calculated to obtain combined standard uncertainty and expanded uncertainty. Standard reference of skeletal class III children was compared to standard reference of skeletal class I children. Distribution range for skeletal class III malocclusion children aged 6 to 10 with 95% confidence interval was provided using calculated uncertainty of orthodontic measurement value.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.97-100
• /
• 2007

In this study, to find the influencing factors of the cooperation affects the result of the orthodontic treatment, the questionnaires were collected from patients who were being treated with fixed orthodontic appliances at A dental clinic in Seoul area. The results of this study are below.1. The average of the total score of the cooperation was 8.04 with the range of between 2 and 14. 2. The gender and age of the patient did not show the meaningful significance in aspect of the cooperation. 3. The relation between the period of treatment time and the cooperation, the analysis showed that the longer the period of treatment, the lesser the cooperation (P < 0.05). 4. The average of the cooperation by decision maker, the patient himself was 9.17, mother was 7.69 and father was 7.77. This result showed that the treatment decision made by the patient himself, the cooperation was highest (P < 0.05). 5. In the relationship between the malocclusion classification and the cooperation, the Angle Class I was 8.77, Class II was 7.28, and Class III was 6.89. This result showed that the average cooperation of Angle Class I patients was higher than Angle Class III patients (P < 0.05). 6. All the influencing factors to the orthodontic treatment were analyzed by logistic regression analysis (RGA). The result showed that there is meaningful significance in the treatment period and malocclusion classification. The most influencing factor was treatment period and the longer the period, the lesser cooperation (P < 0.05).

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.60-67
• /
• 2008

Treatment of adult patients with Class III malocclusion frequently requires a combined orthodontic and surgical approach. However, if for various reasons, nonsurgical orthodontic treatment is chosen, a stable outcome requires careful consideration of the patient's biologic limitation. This case presents the orthodontic treatment of an adult with a Class III malocclusion, which was treated nonsurgically using indirect skeletal anchorage.